Therapeutically harnessing extracellular vesicles

Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 21(5), С. 379 - 399

Опубликована: Март 2, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Exosomes as mediators of intercellular crosstalk in metabolism

Cell Metabolism, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 33(9), С. 1744 - 1762

Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Microglia Polarization From M1 to M2 in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 14

Опубликована: Фев. 16, 2022

Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation is a common feature of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and multiple (MS). Microglia can be categorized into two opposite types: classical (M1) or alternative (M2), though there's continuum different intermediate phenotypes between M1 M2, microglia transit from one phenotype to another. release inflammatory mediators induce inflammation neurotoxicity, while M2 anti-inflammatory neuroprotectivity. considered double-edged sword, performing both harmful helpful effects in diseases. Previous studies showed that balancing M1/M2 polarization had promising therapeutic prospect We suggest shifting may significant we focus on the modulation especially by important signal pathways,

Язык: Английский

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Challenges and advances in clinical applications of mesenchymal stromal cells

Journal of Hematology & Oncology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 12, 2021

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), also known as mesenchymal stem cells, have been intensely investigated for clinical applications within the last decades. However, majority of registered trials applying MSC therapy diverse human diseases fallen short expectations, despite encouraging pre-clinical outcomes in varied animal disease models. This can be attributable to inconsistent criteria MSCs identity across studies and their inherited heterogeneity. Nowadays, with emergence advanced biological techniques substantial improvements bio-engineered materials, strategies developed overcome challenges application. Here this review, we will discuss major therapies application, factors impacting diversity MSCs, potential approaches that modify products highest therapeutic potential, finally usage COVID-19 pandemic disease.

Язык: Английский

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The evolving translational potential of small extracellular vesicles in cancer

Nature reviews. Cancer, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 20(12), С. 697 - 709

Опубликована: Сен. 21, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Review on Strategies and Technologies for Exosome Isolation and Purification

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 9

Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2022

Exosomes, a nano-sized subtype of extracellular vesicles secreted from almost all living cells, are capable transferring cell-specific constituents the source cell to recipient cell. Cumulative evidence has revealed exosomes play an irreplaceable role in prognostic, diagnostic, and even therapeutic aspects. A method that can efficiently provide intact pure samples is first step both exosome-based liquid biopsies therapeutics. Unfortunately, common exosomal separation techniques suffer operation complexity, time consumption, large sample volumes low purity, posing significant challenges for downstream analysis. Efficient, simple, affordable methods isolate crucial carrying out relevant researches. In last decade, emerging technologies, especially microfluidic chips, have proposed superior strategies exosome isolation exhibited fascinating performances. While many excellent reviews overviewed various methods, compressive review including updated/improved indispensable. Herein, we overview properties, biogenesis, contents, functions. Then, briefly outline conventional technologies discuss clinical applications these technologies. Finally, large-scale GMP production engineered open up future perspectives next-generation Exo-devices cancer diagnosis treatment.

Язык: Английский

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Plant Exosome-like Nanovesicles: Emerging Therapeutics and Drug Delivery Nanoplatforms

Molecular Therapy, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 29(1), С. 13 - 31

Опубликована: Дек. 3, 2020

Plant exosome-like nanovesicles, being innately replete with bioactive lipids, proteins, RNA, and other pharmacologically active molecules, offer unique morphological compositional characteristics as natural nanocarriers. Furthermore, their compelling physicochemical traits underpin modulative role in physiological processes, all of which have fostered the concept that these nanovesicles may be highly proficient development next-generation biotherapeutic drug delivery nanoplatforms to meet ever-stringent demands current clinical challenges. This review systemically deals various facets plant ranging from origin isolation identification composition, biological functions, cargo-loading mechanisms. Efforts are made encompass roles by elucidating immunological modulating, anti-tumor, regenerative, anti-inflammatory roles. We also shed light on re-engineering into robust, innocuous, non-immunogenic nanovectors for through multiple stringent hindrances targeted organs such intestine brain. Finally, recent advances centered around along new insights transdermal, transmembrane targeting mechanisms vesicles elucidated. expect continuing nanovesicle-based therapeutic will promote applications.

Язык: Английский

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Liquid Biopsy: From Discovery to Clinical Application

Cancer Discovery, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 11(4), С. 858 - 873

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2021

Over the past 10 years, circulating tumor cells (CTC) and DNA (ctDNA) have received enormous attention as new biomarkers subjects of translational research. Although both are already used in numerous clinical trials, their utility is still under investigation with promising first results. Clinical applications include early cancer detection, improved staging, detection relapse, real-time monitoring therapeutic efficacy, targets resistance mechanisms. Here, we propose a conceptual framework CTC ctDNA assays point out current challenges research, which might structure this dynamic field SIGNIFICANCE: The analysis blood for CTCs or cell-free nucleic acids called "liquid biopsy" has opened avenues diagnostics, including tumors, risk assessment well relapse evolution context therapies.

Язык: Английский

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Lipid Peroxidation and Iron Metabolism: Two Corner Stones in the Homeostasis Control of Ferroptosis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 24(1), С. 449 - 449

Опубликована: Дек. 27, 2022

Regulated cell death (RCD) has a significant impact on development, tissue homeostasis, and the occurrence of various diseases. Among different forms RCD, ferroptosis is considered as type reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent regulated necrosis. ROS can react with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) lipid (L) membrane via formation radical L• induce peroxidation to form L-ROS. Ferroptosis triggered by an imbalance between hydroperoxide (LOOH) detoxification iron-dependent L-ROS accumulation. Intracellular iron accumulation are two central biochemical events leading ferroptosis. Organelles, including mitochondria lysosomes involved in regulation metabolism redox In this review, we will provide overview peroxidation, well key components ferroptotic cascade. The main mechanism that reduces ability glutathione (GSH). GSH, tripeptide includes glutamic acid, cysteine, glycine, acts antioxidant substrate peroxidase 4 (GPX4), which then converted into oxidized (GSSG). Increasing expression GSH inhibit We highlight role xc- GSH-GPX4 pathway regulate system xc-, composed subunit solute carrier family members (SLC7A11 SLC3A2), mediates exchange cystine glutamate across plasma synthesize GSH. Accumulating evidence indicates requires autophagy machinery for its execution. Ferritinophagy used describe removal major storage protein ferritin machinery. Nuclear receptor coactivator (NCOA4) cytosolic bind subsequent degradation ferritinophagy. During ferritinophagy, stored released becomes available biosynthetic pathways. dysfunctional response implicated variety pathological conditions. inducers or inhibitors targeting redox- metabolism-related proteins signal transduction have been developed. simultaneous detection intracellular extracellular markers may help diagnose treat diseases related damage.

Язык: Английский

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RNA-based therapeutics: an overview and prospectus

Cell Death and Disease, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13(7)

Опубликована: Июль 23, 2022

Abstract The growing understanding of RNA functions and their crucial roles in diseases promotes the application various RNAs to selectively function on hitherto “undruggable” proteins, transcripts genes, thus potentially broadening therapeutic targets. Several RNA-based medications have been approved for clinical use, while others are still under investigation or preclinical trials. Various techniques explored promote intracellular trafficking metabolic stability, despite significant challenges developing therapeutics. In this review, mechanisms action, challenges, solutions, therapeutics comprehensively summarized.

Язык: Английский

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