Indirect Effect of Pesticides on Insects and Other Arthropods

Toxics, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 9(8), С. 177 - 177

Опубликована: Июль 30, 2021

Pesticides released to the environment can indirectly affect target and non-target species in ways that are often contrary their intended use. Such indirect effects mediated through direct impacts on other or physical depend ecological mechanisms interactions. Typical release of herbivores from predation competition among with similar niches. Application insecticides agriculture results subsequent pest outbreaks due elimination natural enemies. The loss floristic diversity food resources result herbicide applications reduce populations pollinators enemies crop pests. In aquatic ecosystems, fungicides induce algae blooms as chemicals grazing by zooplankton benthic herbivores. Increases periphyton biomass typically replacement arthropods more tolerant such snails, worms tadpoles. Fungicides systemic also nutrient recycling impairing ability detritivorous arthropods. Residues herbicides macrophytes ponds wetlands, affecting protection breeding predatory insects environment. pesticides therefore either amplified compensated effects.

Язык: Английский

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Learning from the past and considering the future of chemicals in the environment

Science, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 367(6476), С. 384 - 387

Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2020

Knowledge of the hazards and associated risks from chemicals discharged to environment has grown considerably over past 40 years. This improving awareness stems advances in our ability measure at low environmental concentrations, recognition a range effects on organisms, worldwide growth expertise. Environmental scientists companies have learned experiences past; theory, next generation will cause less acute toxicity be environmentally persistent bioaccumulative. However, researchers still struggle establish whether nonlethal with some modern substances serious consequences for wildlife. Obtaining resources address issues remains challenge.

Язык: Английский

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Addressing chemical pollution in biodiversity research

Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 29(12), С. 3240 - 3255

Опубликована: Март 21, 2023

Abstract Climate change, biodiversity loss, and chemical pollution are planetary‐scale emergencies requiring urgent mitigation actions. As these “triple crises” deeply interlinked, they need to be tackled in an integrative manner. However, while climate change often studied together, as a global factor contributing worldwide loss has received much less attention research so far. Here, we review evidence showing that the multifaceted effects of anthropogenic chemicals environment posing growing threat ecosystems. Therefore, failure account for may significantly undermine success protection efforts. We argue progress understanding counteracting negative impact on requires collective efforts scientists from different disciplines, including but not limited ecology, ecotoxicology, environmental chemistry. Importantly, recent developments fields have now enabled comprehensive studies could efficiently address manifold interactions between Based their experience with intricate biodiversity, ecologists well equipped embrace additional challenge complexity through interdisciplinary collaborations. This offers unique opportunity jointly advance seminal frontier ecology facilitate development innovative solutions protection.

Язык: Английский

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Ecological impacts and management strategies of pesticide pollution on aquatic life and human beings

Marine Pollution Bulletin, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 206, С. 116613 - 116613

Опубликована: Июль 24, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Pesticides have negative effects on non-target organisms

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 13, 2025

Pesticides affect a diverse range of non-target species and may be linked to global biodiversity loss. The magnitude this hazard remains only partially understood. We present synthesis pesticide (insecticide, herbicide fungicide) impacts on multiple organisms across trophic levels based 20,212 effect sizes from 1,705 studies. For plants, animals (invertebrate vertebrates) microorganisms (bacteria fungi), we show negative responses the growth, reproduction, behaviour other physiological biomarkers within terrestrial aquatic systems. formulated for specific taxa negatively affected groups, e.g. insecticidal neonicotinoids affecting amphibians. Negative effects were more pronounced in temperate than tropical regions but consistent between environments, even after correcting field-realistic environmentally relevant exposure scenarios. Our results question sustainability current use support need enhanced risk assessments reduce risks ecosystems. Wan et al. found that insecticides, fungicides herbicides have

Язык: Английский

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Oxidative stress, growth inhibition, and DNA damage in earthworms induced by the combined pollution of typical neonicotinoid insecticides and heavy metals

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 754, С. 141873 - 141873

Опубликована: Авг. 21, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Pesticides do not significantly reduce arthropod pest densities in the presence of natural enemies

Ecology Letters, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 24(9), С. 2010 - 2024

Опубликована: Июнь 23, 2021

Abstract Chemical pesticides remain the main agents for control of arthropod crop pests despite increased concern their side effects. Although chemical pesticide applications generally result in short‐term decreases pest densities, densities can subsequently resurge to higher levels than before. Thus, effects on beyond a single generation may vary, but they have not been reviewed systematic manner. Using mathematical predator–prey models, we show that resurgence is expected when effective natural enemies are present, even less sensitive pest. Model simulations over multiple generations predict due will increase average throughout growing season present. We tested this prediction with meta‐analysis published data field experiments compared plant presence and absence enemies. This largely confirmed our prediction: overall, did reduce significantly were which concerned vast majority cases. also long‐term effectiveness underreported suggest by deserves more attention.

Язык: Английский

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Occurrence and ecological risk assessment of neonicotinoids and related insecticides in the Bohai Sea and its surrounding rivers, China

Water Research, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 209, С. 117912 - 117912

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2021

Systemic insecticides like neonicotinoids and the phenylpyrazole insecticide fipronil are most widely applied around world. Multiple studies analyzed residues in freshwater systems, but data on seawater contamination levels scarce. This study investigates spatiotemporal distribution ecological risk assessment of fipronil, neonicotinoids, sulfoxaflor selected transformation products (TPs) Chinese Bohai Sea its surrounding rivers. Well-established (acetamiprid, clothianidin, imidacloprid, thiacloprid thiamethoxam) TPs imidacloprid were frequently detected (detection frequency (DF): 42-100%) freshwater. The median total concentration was significantly higher summer (72.4 ng•L-1) than fall (23.4 ng•L-1), with major contributions from suggesting that pollution originates mostly diffuse sources. In 2018, acetamiprid, desnitro-imidacloprid, fipronil-desulfinyl abundant (DF: 47-100%), indicating a high stability acetamiprid rapid photodegradation surface waters. These results indicate continued use these parent compounds may lead to their accumulation and/or shallow coastal seas. Consequently, this transport open seas, increasing potential marine organisms. Similarities between contaminant fingerprints strongly suggest riverine discharges as main source adjacent areas. is first perform an ecosystems. Fipronil demonstrated be environmentally relevant risks for aquatic species. Our provides novel insights into fate species

Язык: Английский

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Ecological intensification and diversification approaches to maintain biodiversity, ecosystem services and food production in a changing world

Emerging Topics in Life Sciences, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 4(2), С. 229 - 240

Опубликована: Сен. 4, 2020

How do we redesign agricultural landscapes to maintain their productivity and profitability, while promoting rather than eradicating biodiversity, regenerating undermining the ecological processes that sustain food production are vital for a liveable planet? Ecological intensification harnesses increase per area through management often diversify croplands support beneficial organisms supplying these services. By adding more diverse vegetation back into landscapes, matrix can also become both habitable permeable aiding in conserving biodiversity over time. reducing need costly inputs maintaining productivity, methods or even enhance profitability. As shown with several examples, diversification assist creating multifunctional environmentally economically sustainable. While single of be incorporated large-scale industrial farms reduce negative impacts, complete such systems using multiple create truly regenerative strong potential promote biodiversity. However, broad adoption will require transformative socio-economic changes because many structural barriers continue current agrichemical model agriculture.

Язык: Английский

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Important questions to progress science and sustainable management of anguillid eels

Fish and Fisheries, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 22(4), С. 762 - 788

Опубликована: Май 6, 2021

Abstract Anguillid eels are found globally in fresh, transitional and saline waters have played an important role human life for centuries. The population status of several species is now significant concern. threats to populations include direct exploitation at different stages, blockages migratory routes by dams other structures, changes river basin management that impact habitat carrying capacity suitability, pollution, climate change, diseases parasites. While much has been done understand eel biology ecology, a major challenge identify the key research questions so effective targeted studies can be designed inform conservation, policy. We gathered 30 experts field review current state knowledge anguillid main topics research. identified fell into three themes: (a) Lifecycle Biology; (b) Impacts (c) Management. Although tropical far least well understood, gaps exist all species. Considerable progress made last 20 years, but many remains great concern, particularly northern temperate Without improved engagement coordination regional, national international level, situation unlikely improve. Further, adaptive mechanisms respond developments science, policy our potential required ensure future these enigmatic

Язык: Английский

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