Immunological memory to SARS-CoV-2 assessed for up to 8 months after infection

Science, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 371(6529)

Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2021

Understanding immune memory to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is critical for improving diagnostics and vaccines assessing the likely future course of COVID-19 pandemic. We analyzed multiple compartments circulating SARS-CoV-2 in 254 samples from 188 cases, including 43 at ≥6 months after infection. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) spike protein was relatively stable over 6+ months. Spike-specific B cells were more abundant 6 than 1 month symptom onset. SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4

Язык: Английский

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Cytokine Storm

New England Journal of Medicine, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 383(23), С. 2255 - 2273

Опубликована: Дек. 2, 2020

Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse

Язык: Английский

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Inborn errors of type I IFN immunity in patients with life-threatening COVID-19

Science, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 370(6515)

Опубликована: Сен. 24, 2020

The genetics underlying severe COVID-19 immune system is complex and involves many genes, including those that encode cytokines known as interferons (IFNs). Individuals lack specific IFNs can be more susceptible to infectious diseases. Furthermore, the autoantibody dampens IFN response prevent damage from pathogen-induced inflammation. Two studies now examine likelihood affects risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) through components this (see Perspective by Beck Aksentijevich). Q. Zhang et al. used a candidate gene approach identified patients with who have mutations in genes involved regulation type I III immunity. They found enrichment these conclude may determine clinical course infection. Bastard individuals high titers neutralizing autoantibodies against IFN-α2 IFN-ω about 10% pneumonia. These were not either infected people asymptomatic or had milder phenotype healthy individuals. Together, identify means which at highest life-threatening identified. Science , issue p. eabd4570 eabd4585 ; see also 404

Язык: Английский

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Adaptive immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19

Cell, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 184(4), С. 861 - 880

Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Risk factors for severe and critically ill COVID‐19 patients: A review

Allergy, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 76(2), С. 428 - 455

Опубликована: Ноя. 13, 2020

The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has an unprecedented global social and economic impact, high numbers deaths. Many risk factors have been identified in progression COVID-19 into a critical stage, including old age, male gender, underlying comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes, obesity, chronic lung diseases, heart, liver kidney tumors, clinically apparent immunodeficiencies, local early type I interferon secretion capacity, pregnancy. Possible complications include injury, coagulation disorders, thoromboembolism. development lymphopenia eosinopenia are laboratory indicators COVID-19. Laboratory parameters to monitor lactate dehydrogenase, procalcitonin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6), ferritin. cytokine storm extensive chest computed tomography imaging patterns disease. In addition, socioeconomic status, diet, lifestyle, geographical differences, ethnicity, exposed viral load, day initiation treatment, quality health care reported influence individual outcomes. this review, we highlight scientific evidence on severity

Язык: Английский

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Long COVID or post-COVID-19 syndrome: putative pathophysiology, risk factors, and treatments

Infectious Diseases, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 53(10), С. 737 - 754

Опубликована: Май 22, 2021

Long COVID or post-COVID-19 syndrome first gained widespread recognition among social support groups and later in scientific medical communities. This illness is poorly understood as it affects COVID-19 survivors at all levels of disease severity, even younger adults, children, those not hospitalized. While the precise definition long may be lacking, most common symptoms reported many studies are fatigue dyspnoea that last for months after acute COVID-19. Other persistent include cognitive mental impairments, chest joint pains, palpitations, myalgia, smell taste dysfunctions, cough, headache, gastrointestinal cardiac issues. Presently, there limited literature discussing possible pathophysiology, risk factors, treatments COVID, which current review aims to address. In brief, driven by long-term tissue damage (e.g. lung, brain, heart) pathological inflammation from viral persistence, immune dysregulation, autoimmunity). The associated factors female sex, more than five early symptoms, dyspnoea, prior psychiatric disorders, specific biomarkers D-dimer, CRP, lymphocyte count), although research required substantiate such factors. preliminary evidence suggests personalized rehabilitation training help certain cases, therapeutic drugs repurposed other similar conditions, myalgic encephalomyelitis chronic syndrome, postural orthostatic tachycardia mast cell activation also hold potential. sum, this hopes provide understanding what known about COVID.

Язык: Английский

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The T cell immune response against SARS-CoV-2

Nature Immunology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 23(2), С. 186 - 193

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2022

Язык: Английский

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COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus: from pathophysiology to clinical management

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 17(1), С. 11 - 30

Опубликована: Ноя. 13, 2020

Язык: Английский

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A Randomized Trial of Convalescent Plasma in Covid-19 Severe Pneumonia

New England Journal of Medicine, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 384(7), С. 619 - 629

Опубликована: Ноя. 24, 2020

BackgroundConvalescent plasma is frequently administered to patients with Covid-19 and has been reported, largely on the basis of observational data, improve clinical outcomes. Minimal data are available from adequately powered randomized, controlled trials.MethodsWe randomly assigned hospitalized adult severe pneumonia in a 2:1 ratio receive convalescent or placebo. The primary outcome was patient's status 30 days after intervention, as measured six-point ordinal scale ranging total recovery death.ResultsA 228 were 105 median time onset symptoms enrollment trial 8 (interquartile range, 5 10), hypoxemia most frequent severity criterion for enrollment. infused had titer 1:3200 SARS-CoV-2 antibodies 1:800 1:3200). No lost follow-up. At day day, no significant difference noted between group placebo distribution outcomes according (odds ratio, 0.83; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.52 1.35; P=0.46). Overall mortality 10.96% 11.43% group, risk −0.46 percentage points (95% CI, −7.8 6.8). Total antibody titers tended be higher at 2 intervention. Adverse events serious adverse similar two groups.ConclusionsNo differences observed overall treated those who received (PlasmAr ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04383535.)

Язык: Английский

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Human Inborn Errors of Immunity: 2022 Update on the Classification from the International Union of Immunological Societies Expert Committee

Journal of Clinical Immunology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 42(7), С. 1473 - 1507

Опубликована: Июнь 24, 2022

Abstract We report the updated classification of inborn errors immunity, compiled by International Union Immunological Societies Expert Committee. This documents key clinical and laboratory features 55 novel monogenic gene defects, 1 phenocopy due to autoantibodies, that have either been discovered since previous update (published January 2020) or were characterized earlier but confirmed expanded in subsequent studies. While variants additional genes associated with immune diseases reported literature, this includes only those committee assessed reached necessary threshold represent immunity. There are now a total 485 These advances discovering genetic causes human continue significantly further our understanding molecular, cellular, immunological mechanisms disease pathogenesis, thereby simultaneously enhancing knowledge improving patient diagnosis management. is designed serve as resource for immunologists geneticists pursuing molecular individuals heritable disorders scientific dissection cellular underlying related diseases.

Язык: Английский

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