Integrated global assessment of the natural forest carbon potential

Nature, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 624(7990), С. 92 - 101

Опубликована: Ноя. 13, 2023

Abstract Forests are a substantial terrestrial carbon sink, but anthropogenic changes in land use and climate have considerably reduced the scale of this system 1 . Remote-sensing estimates to quantify losses from global forests 2–5 characterized by considerable uncertainty we lack comprehensive ground-sourced evaluation benchmark these estimates. Here combine several 6 satellite-derived approaches 2,7,8 evaluate forest potential outside agricultural urban lands. Despite regional variation, predictions demonstrated remarkable consistency at scale, with only 12% difference between At present, storage is markedly under natural potential, total deficit 226 Gt (model range = 151–363 Gt) areas low human footprint. Most (61%, 139 C) existing forests, which ecosystem protection can allow recover maturity. The remaining 39% (87 lies regions been removed or fragmented. Although cannot be substitute for emissions reductions, our results support idea 2,3,9 that conservation, restoration sustainable management diverse offer valuable contributions meeting biodiversity targets.

Язык: Английский

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Accounting for albedo change to identify climate-positive tree cover restoration

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Март 26, 2024

Abstract Restoring tree cover changes albedo, which is the fraction of sunlight reflected from Earth’s surface. In most locations, these in albedo offset or even negate carbon removal benefits with latter leading to global warming. Previous efforts quantify climate mitigation benefit restoring have not accounted robustly for given a lack spatially explicit data. Here we produce maps that show carbon-only estimates may be up 81% too high. While dryland and boreal settings especially severe offsets, it possible find places provide net-positive all biomes. We further on-the-ground projects are concentrated more climate-positive but majority still face at least 20% offset. Thus, strategically deploying restoration maximum requires accounting change tools do so.

Язык: Английский

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Carbon storage through China’s planted forest expansion

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Май 15, 2024

Abstract China’s extensive planted forests play a crucial role in carbon storage, vital for climate change mitigation. However, the complex spatiotemporal dynamics of forest area and its storage remain uncaptured. Here we reveal such changes from 1990 to 2020 using satellite field data. Results show doubling area, trend that intensified post-2000. These lead increasing 675.6 ± 12.5 Tg C 1,873.1 16.2 2020, with an average rate ~ 40 yr −1 . The expansion contributed 53% (637.2 5.4 C) total above increased compared growth. This proactive policy-driven has catalyzed swift increase aligning Carbon Neutrality Target 2060.

Язык: Английский

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Elevated CO2 levels promote both carbon and nitrogen cycling in global forests

Nature Climate Change, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(5), С. 511 - 517

Опубликована: Апрель 2, 2024

Язык: Английский

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The role of forests in the EU climate policy: are we on the right track?

Carbon Balance and Management, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 18(1)

Опубликована: Июль 30, 2023

The European Union (EU) has committed to achieve climate neutrality by 2050. This requires a rapid reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and ensuring that any remaining are balanced through CO2 removals. Forests play crucial role in this plan: they currently the main option for removing from atmosphere additionally, wood use can store carbon durably help reduce fossil emissions. To stop reverse decline forest sink, EU recently revised regulation on land use, land-use change forestry (LULUCF), set target - 310 Mt CO2e net removals LULUCF sector 2030.In study, we clarify common concepts management annual increment, harvest mortality determining sink. We then evaluate what extent sink is track meet goals EU. For assessment data latest national GHG inventories model (Carbon Budget Model). Our findings indicate level, recent decrease increment increase causing drop Furthermore, continuing past practices projected further Finally, discuss options enhancing sinks while taking into account adaptation resilience.Our show quickly developing away targets. Stopping reversing trend implementation climate-smart management, with improved more timely monitoring fluxes. enhancement tracking progress towards EU's targets, where forests become expected remain prominent than ever before.

Язык: Английский

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Integrating Solar Energy and Nature-Based Solutions for Climate-Neutral Urban Environments

Solar, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 3(3), С. 382 - 415

Опубликована: Июль 13, 2023

This study focuses on achieving climate neutrality in European cities by integrating solar energy technologies and nature-based solutions. Through an examination of current practices, emerging trends, case examples, the explores benefits, challenges, prospects associated with this integration urban contexts. A pioneering approach is presented to assess heat change mitigation benefits combining building-integrated photovoltaics solutions within context. The results highlight synergistic relationship between components conversion technology, identifying effective combinations for different climatic zones. In Southern Europe, strategies such as rooftop cool roofs, photovoltaic shadings, green walls, trees have demonstrated effectiveness warmer regions. Conversely, mid- high-latitude seen positive impacts through facades roofs spaces. As cell efficiency improves, environmental impact expected decrease, facilitating their into environments. emphasizes importance incorporating water bodies, pavements, spaces high sky-view factors, planning design maximize resilience benefits. Additionally, highlights significance prioritizing actions low-income regions engaging citizens development social photovoltaics-positive houses, resilient neighbourhoods, By adopting these recommendations, can create climate-neutral environments that prioritize clean energy, solutions, overall wellbeing residents. findings underscore need a multidisciplinary technological innovation, strategies, policy frameworks effectively achieve neutrality.

Язык: Английский

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Uncovering the electrooxidation behavior of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural on Ni/Co electrodes

Journal of Energy Chemistry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 92, С. 1 - 7

Опубликована: Янв. 23, 2024

Язык: Английский

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A novel geospatial machine learning approach to quantify non-linear effects of land use/land cover change (LULCC) on carbon dynamics

International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 128, С. 103712 - 103712

Опубликована: Фев. 20, 2024

Land Use and Cover Change (LULCC) introduces considerable uncertainties in its relationship with carbon emissions, posing challenges to nature-based climate mitigation. The effective establishment protection of sinks through land use management lack clarity. To address this challenge, study utilized top-down interannual grided CO2 data from satellite observations, revealing a 7 % decline mainland China 2016 2019. Faced anomaly, we proposed novel approach that combined machine learning traditional regression analysis, investigate the nonlinear between annual spatiotemporal variations net exchange LULCC. Sentinel-2 imagery was employed for high-resolution (10 m) LULC classification based on uniform rules. Particularly, time-series class probabilities were considered estimated using deep framework via Google Earth Engine (GEE) cloud platform, which allows us access effects dynamic GIS methods applied enhance interpretability, integrating multi-source remote sensing datasets, particularly capturing features aspects LULCC emissions. Threshold revealed how transformed areas associated or sources. results mapped sink shrinkage locations, highlighting correlations significant reductions snow cover (−6.25 %), changing water patterns (−1.3 urban expansion (1 mixed forest changes (regrowth 4 deforestation −1%). This research aims advance understanding emissions sensing, bridging different observation within geostatistical context, expects provide new validation method bottom-up approach.

Язык: Английский

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Tradeoffs and synergies of optimized management for maximizing carbon sequestration across complex landscapes and diverse ecosystem services

Forest Policy and Economics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 161, С. 103178 - 103178

Опубликована: Фев. 13, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Multiscale modeling for enhanced battery health analysis: Pathways to longevity

Carbon Neutralization, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 3(3), С. 348 - 385

Опубликована: Май 1, 2024

Abstract The issues of health assessment and lifespan prediction have always been prominent challenges in the large‐scale application lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). This paper reviews multiscale modeling techniques their applications battery analysis, including atomic scale computational chemistry, particle reaction simulations, electrode structural models, macroscale electrochemical data‐driven models at system level. Multiscale offers a profound insight into material behavior aging process batteries, thereby providing valuable reference for both estimation management strategies state health. To extend lifespan, utilization artificial intelligence discovery manufacturing optimization, implementation end‐cloud collaborative systems, design simulation integration platform are considered. A framework aimed extending life is further proposed. promising roadmap addressing analysis LIBs, ultimately leading to more reliable, efficient, durable solutions next‐generation batteries.

Язык: Английский

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