bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Авг. 19, 2024
Abstract
Aim
We
establish
quantitative
relationships
between
species
richness
and
the
rate
of
spatial
change
in
controlled,
digital,
environments.
use
a
simplified,
first-principles,
stochastic,
evolutionary
model
which
artificial
organisms
can
evolve
disperse.
develop
an
understanding
how
environmental
variability
space
influences
it
is
affected
by
organisms’
ability
to
Time
period
At
each
time
step
experiment,
organism
reproduce
sexually,
disperse
die.
Each
experiment
run
for
100,000
steps.
The
life
span
15
Location
uses
artificial,
landscape
consisting
uniform
(
x,
y
)
grid
cells,
with
single
variable
that
changes
sinusoidally
x
direction.
Major
taxa
studied
Organisms
are
defined
64-bit
genome
sexually.
These
digital
designed
mimic
basic
principles
biological
evolution.
Methods
starts
organism,
mutate
producing
offspring
do
all
above
environment.
Monte
Carlo
experimentation
used
generate
statistical
insight
into
thousands
replicate
simulations.
Results
A
strong
correlation
observed
mean
variable.
This
relationship
holds
true
wide
range
dispersal
abilities,
but
diminishes
when
very
low.
Main
Conclusions
predict
variables
(e.g.
derivative
elevation)
driver
real-world
biodiversity
where
sufficient.
Our
results
suggest
plays
important
role
determining
responds
gradients.
Science,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
383(6683), С. 653 - 658
Опубликована: Фев. 8, 2024
Madagascar
exhibits
high
endemic
biodiversity
that
has
evolved
with
sustained
and
stable
rates
of
speciation
over
the
past
several
tens
millions
years.
The
topography
is
dominated
by
a
mountainous
continental
rift
escarpment,
highest
plant
diversity
rarity
found
along
steep,
eastern
side
this
geographic
feature.
Using
process-explicit
model,
we
show
precipitation-driven
erosion
landward
retreat
high-relief
creates
transient
habitat
organization
through
multiple
mechanisms,
including
catchment
expansion,
isolation
highland
remnants,
formation
topographic
barriers.
Habitat
reconnection
on
million-year
timescale
serves
as
an
allopatric
pump
creating
observed
biodiversity.
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
379(1907)
Опубликована: Июнь 24, 2024
Theory
links
dispersal
and
diversity,
predicting
the
highest
diversity
at
intermediate
levels.
However,
modulation
of
this
relationship
by
macro-eco-evolutionary
mechanisms
competition
within
a
landscape
is
still
elusive.
We
examine
interplay
between
dispersal,
structure
in
shaping
biodiversity
over
5
million
years
dynamic
archipelago
landscape.
model
allopatric
speciation,
temperature
niche,
competition,
trait
evolution
trade-offs
competitive
traits.
Depending
on
abilities
their
interaction
with
structure,
our
exhibits
two
‘connectivity
regimes’,
that
foster
speciation
events
among
same
group
islands.
Peaks
(i.e.
alpha,
gamma
phylogenetic),
occurred
dispersal;
while
shifted
peaks
towards
higher
values
for
each
connectivity
regime.
This
shift
demonstrates
how
can
boost
through
thermal
specialists,
ultimately
limiting
geographical
ranges.
Even
simple
landscape,
multiple
relationships
emerged,
all
shaped
similarly
according
to
strength.
Our
findings
remain
valid
as
dispersal-
competitive-related
traits
evolve
trade-off;
potentially
leaving
identifiable
signatures,
particularly
when
are
imposed.
Overall,
we
scrutinize
convoluted
species
interactions
processes,
lasting
imprints
biodiversity.
article
part
theme
issue
‘Diversity-dependence
dispersal:
interspecific
determine
spatial
dynamics’.
Journal of Geophysical Research Earth Surface,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
130(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
Abstract
Escarpments
and
cliffs
(hereafter
termed
escarpments)
form
topographic
barriers
that
influence
the
spatial
patterns
of
climate
biodiversity.
The
inherent
extreme
slope
change
across
escarpment
edge
promotes
retreat
over
time.
Typically,
escarpments
are
divided
into
arch‐
shoulder‐types.
In
arch‐type,
drainage
divide
is
located
inland,
knickpoints,
where
channels
flow
escarpment,
can
embay
escarpment.
shoulder‐type,
aligns
with
edge,
a
setting
expected
to
cause
slow
uniform
retreat,
preserving
their
integrity
as
through
However,
observations
from
around
globe
reveal
shoulder‐type
associated
deep
embayments
(i.e.,
alcoves)
destroy
linear
appearance
front.
Yet,
processes
produce
sustain
these
remain
largely
unexplored.
Embayments
typically
occur
along
reversed
which
were
part
antecedent
used
away
but
now
toward
it,
often
resulting
in
valley
confined
called
windgap.
Here,
we
hypothesize
feedback
between
knickpoint
windgap
migration
embayments,
use
analyses
numerical
simulations
explore
this
hypothesis.
Our
analyses,
focused
on
field
sites
Negev
Desert,
show
be
sustained
hypothesized
feedback,
quantify
sensitivity
geomorphologic
lithologic
parameters.
Results
suggest
may
explain
some
global
variability
morphologies.
Global Ecology and Conservation,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
54, С. e03154 - e03154
Опубликована: Авг. 23, 2024
Transformation
of
forests
into
agricultural
lands
threatens
biodiversity
and
ecosystem
functions
globally.
In
the
hotspot
Madagascar,
key
along
with
highly
endemic
flora
fauna
are
under
threat.
Comprehensive
studies
identifying
determinants
function
losses
lacking,
no
accounting
for
species
richness
across
multiple
taxa.
We
assess
how
plot-scale
stand
structural
attributes
(basal
area,
leaf
area
index,
diameter
diversity,
tree
richness)
landscape-scale
forest
cover
influence
(species
butterflies,
ants,
birds,
reptiles,
amphibians,
herbaceous
plants,
multidiversity)
(soil
organic
carbon,
predation
rate,
acoustic
multifunctionality)
in
tropical
mosaic
landscape
northeastern
Madagascar.
Complexly
structured
stands
a
larger
basal
and/or
higher
promoted
greater
multidiversity
(R²
=
0.70),
soil
diversity.
However,
our
models
did
not
indicate
significant
explanatory
variables
0.25)
multifunctionality
0.43).
Landscape-scale
significantly
favored
bird
richness.
Our
findings
highlight
that
simplified
structure,
resulting
from
land-use
change,
substantially
reduces
this
historically
forested
region.
Conservation
actions
should
aim
at
maintaining
complex
structure
agroforests,
while
restoration
interventions
focus
on
re-building
such
structures.
Journal of Biogeography,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 19, 2025
ABSTRACT
Aim
The
riverine
barrier
hypothesis
is
often
tested
as
a
driver
for
allopatric
speciation.
Rivers
are
usually
treated
static
landscape
features
characterised
by
their
width
and
elevation
of
headwaters.
We
aim
to
investigate
the
role
rivers
barriers
using
comprehensive
database
geomorphological
characteristics
assessing
influence
on
species
turnover
rates.
Location
Eastern
Madagascar.
Taxon
Sixty‐two
taxa
from
11
genera
lemurs,
amphibians
reptiles.
Methods
compiled
21
variables
45
major
rivers,
estimated
rates
assemblages
either
side
modelled
river
diversity.
Topographic
depressions,
identified
longitudinal
profiles,
heterogeneity
were
further
analysed
potential
palaeoclimatic
refugia
alternative
speciation
drivers.
Results
A
total
24
acted
barriers.
Three
these
had
disproportionately
high
shared
set
distinct
like
maximum
watershed,
flow
accumulation
values
at
outlet
an
800
m
concavity
profile.
Other
along
main
channel
length
coastal
plain
helped
differentiate
between
with
intermediate
Species
richness
peaked
in
northeastern
Madagascar,
region
highest
abundance
topographic
depressions
inferred
palaeo‐wetlands.
Main
Conclusions
Geomorphological
effectively
explained
variations
However,
it
remains
uncertain
whether
functioned
secondary
dispersal
thereby
maintainers
diversity,
rather
than
primary
drivers
Additionally,
we
emphasise
during
oscillations,
which
associated
depressions.
Overall,
integrating
dynamic
fluvial
systems
through
space
time
into
biogeographic
studies
offers
valuable
insights
speciation,
persistence
taxa.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
122(10)
Опубликована: Март 3, 2025
Drainage
divide
migration
alters
the
geometry
of
drainage
basins,
influencing
distribution
water,
erosion,
sediments,
and
ecosystems
across
Earth's
surface.
The
rate
is
governed
by
differences
in
erosion
rates
thus
sensitive
to
spatiotemporal
variations
tectonics
climate.
However,
established
approaches
for
quantifying
offer
only
indirect
evidence
motion
provide
averages.
Consequently,
transience
cannot
be
resolved,
hindering
ability
explore
environmental
changes
that
drive
dynamics
such
potential
transience.
Here,
we
study
a
set
datable
terraces
identified
as
markers
paleo-divide
locations,
which
direct
paleo
divide.
location
age
reveal
intermittent
at
timescales
104
105
y,
with
phases
rapid
migration-at
more
than
twice
average-which
coincide
documented
regional
paleoclimate
fluctuations.
These
findings
highlight
nature
over
geomorphic
its
sensitivity
climate
changes,
underscoring
impact
on
planform
evolution
basins.