ICES Journal of Marine Science,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
82(5)
Опубликована: Май 1, 2025
Abstract
Current
efforts
to
mitigate
impacts
on
threatened
elasmobranch
species
in
tuna
fisheries
focus
primarily
best
handling
and
release
practices
for
individuals
caught
the
gear
or
arriving
deck.
Releasing
elasmobranchs
fast
is
key
as
prolonged
ventilatory
restriction
results
reduced
survival.
Yet,
because
large
sharks
mobulid
rays
can
be
very
demanding
dangerous
crew,
times
significantly
delayed.
To
address
these
challenges,
we
developed
improved
a
series
of
novel
bycatch
devices
(BRDs)
such
ramps,
stretchers,
shark
velcros,
hoppers,
lower
deck
gutters,
sorting
grids,
straps
close
collaboration
with
Spanish
tropical
purse
seiner
fishers.
Our
BRDs
minimize
contact
between
fishers
increased
crew
safety
time
acceleration
improve
postrelease
survival
thus
resulting
win–win
formula.
Long-term
cooperation
fleet
our
scientific
group
has
been
fine-tuning
BRD
performance,
more
importantly,
generating
trust
promoting
readiness
their
voluntary
uptake.
Increasing
sustainable
fishing
requirements
by
markets
have
also
favoured
adoption
willingness.
Several
Regional
Fisheries
Management
Organizations
begun
endorsing
new
BRDs,
potentially
leading
greater
implementation
across
seine
fleets
globally.
The
success
case
study
offers
insights
researchers
managers
seeking
achieve
effective
conservation
outcomes
through
fisher
involvement.
Ecotoxicology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
33(4-5), С. 325 - 396
Опубликована: Апрель 29, 2024
Abstract
An
important
provision
of
the
Minamata
Convention
on
Mercury
is
to
monitor
and
evaluate
effectiveness
adopted
measures
its
implementation.
Here,
we
describe
for
first
time
currently
available
biotic
mercury
(Hg)
data
a
global
scale
improve
understanding
efforts
reduce
impact
Hg
pollution
people
environment.
Data
from
peer-reviewed
literature
were
compiled
in
Global
Biotic
Synthesis
(GBMS)
database
(>550,000
points).
These
provide
foundation
establishing
biomonitoring
framework
needed
track
concentrations
biota
globally.
We
exposure
taxa
identified
by
Convention:
fish,
sea
turtles,
birds,
marine
mammals.
Based
GBMS
database,
are
presented
at
relevant
geographic
scales
continents
oceanic
basins.
identify
some
effective
regional
templates
monitoring
methylmercury
(MeHg)
availability
environment,
but
overall
illustrate
that
there
general
lack
initiatives
around
world,
especially
Africa,
Australia,
Indo-Pacific,
Middle
East,
South
Atlantic
Pacific
Oceans.
Temporal
trend
generally
limited.
Ecologically
sensitive
sites
(where
have
above
average
MeHg
tissue
concentrations)
been
throughout
world.
Efforts
model
quantify
ecosystem
sensitivity
locally,
regionally,
globally
could
help
establish
efficient
programs.
present
network
includes
three-step
continental
approach
integrate
existing
prioritize
filling
gaps
linked
with
key
sources.
standardized
builds
an
evidence-based
evaluation
assess
Convention’s
progress
Journal of Fish Biology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
105(2), С. 482 - 511
Опубликована: Июнь 9, 2024
Abstract
Levels
of
dissolved
oxygen
in
open
ocean
and
coastal
waters
are
decreasing
(ocean
deoxygenation),
with
poorly
understood
effects
on
marine
megafauna.
All
the
more
than
1000
species
elasmobranchs
(sharks,
skates,
rays)
obligate
water
breathers,
a
variety
life‐history
strategies
requirements.
This
review
demonstrates
that
although
many
typically
avoid
hypoxic
water,
they
also
appear
capable
withstanding
mild
to
moderate
hypoxia
changes
activity,
ventilatory
responses,
alterations
circulatory
hematological
parameters,
morphological
gill
structures.
However,
such
may
be
insufficient
withstand
severe,
progressive,
or
prolonged
anoxia
where
anaerobic
metabolic
pathways
used
for
limited
periods.
As
temperatures
increase
climate
warming,
ectothermic
will
exhibit
elevated
rates
likely
less
able
tolerate
even
associated
deoxygenation.
result,
sustained
conditions
warmer
surface‐pelagic
lead
shifts
elasmobranch
distributions.
Mass
mortalities
linked
directly
deoxygenation
have
only
rarely
been
observed
but
underreported.
One
key
concern
is
how
reductions
habitat
volume
as
result
expanding
resulting
from
influence
interactions
between
industrial
fisheries.
Catch
per
unit
effort
threatened
pelagic
sharks
by
longline
fisheries,
instance,
has
shown
higher
above
minimum
zones
compared
adjacent,
normoxic
regions,
attributed
vertical
compression
overlapping
increased
fishing
effort.
How
compound
stressor
heatwaves
alters
vulnerability
remains
an
question.
With
over
third
listed
endangered,
priority
conservation
management
now
lies
understanding
mitigating
addition
population
declines
already
occurring
overfishing.
Scientific Reports,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
15(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 16, 2025
Populations
of
large
pelagic
sharks
are
declining
worldwide
due
to
overfishing.
Determining
the
overlap
between
shark
populations
and
fishing
activities
is
important
inform
conservation
measures.
However,
for
many
threatened
whereabouts
particularly
vulnerable
life-history
stages
-
such
as
pregnant
females
juveniles
poorly
known.
Here,
we
investigated
spatial
distribution
size
classes,
energy
transfer
reproductive
states
endangered
shortfin
mako,
Isurus
oxyrinchus,
using
spatially
resolved
catch
data
from
a
Spanish
surface
longline
vessel
(1996
2009)
in
South-east
Pacific
Ocean.
Our
results
suggest
general
eastward
gradient
occurrence
thousands
kilometers
western
oceanic
feeding
grounds
towards
eastern
Pacific,
where
observed
an
aggregation
area
small
juveniles.
Moreover,
potential
nursery
likely
overlapped
hotspot,
increasing
vulnerability
fisheries.
that
limiting
pressure
this
could
reduce
mortality
early
life
contribute
species.
The
true
state
of
ocean
biodiversity
is
difficult
to
assess,
and
there
are
few
global
indicators
track
the
primary
threat
overfishing.
We
calculated
a
50-year
Red
List
Index
extinction
risk
ecological
function
for
1199
sharks
rays
found
that
since
1970,
overfishing
has
halved
their
populations
worsened
by
19%.
Overfishing
largest
species
in
nearshore
pelagic
habitats
risks
loss
ecomorphotypes
5
22%
erosion
functional
diversity.
Extinction
higher
countries
with
large
human
coastal
but
lower
nations
stronger
governance,
larger
economies,
greater
beneficial
fisheries
subsidies.
Restricting
fishing
(including
incidental
catch)
trade
sustainable
levels
combined
prohibiting
retention
highly
threatened
can
avert
further
depletion,
widespread
population
connectivity,
top-down
predator
control.
Accurate
assessments
of
human-wildlife
risk
associated
with
industrial
fishing
are
critical
for
the
conservation
marine
top
predators.
Automatic
Identification
System
(AIS)
data
provide
a
means
mapping
and
estimating
risk;
however,
can
be
obscured
by
gaps
in
AIS
record
due
to
technical
issues
intentional
disabling.
We
assessed
extent
which
unseen
vessel
activity
estimates
overlap
between
14
predators
including
sharks,
tunas,
mammals,
seabirds,
critically
endangered
leatherback
turtles.
Among
vessels
equipped
northeast
Pacific,
up
24%
total
predator
was
unseen,
36%
some
individual
species.
Waters
near
10°N
had
high
sharks
yet
low
reported
shark
catch,
revealing
potential
discrepancies
self-reported
datasets.
Accounting
illuminates
hidden
risk,
demonstrating
challenges
solutions
transparent
sustainable
fisheries.
Biology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
13(2), С. 73 - 73
Опубликована: Янв. 26, 2024
Over
recent
decades,
elasmobranchs
(sharks,
rays,
and
skates)
have
been
increasingly
recognized
among
the
world’s
most
threatened
marine
wildlife,
leading
to
heightened
scientific
attention.
However,
batoids
(rays
are
relatively
understudied,
especially
in
Large
Ocean
States
of
Pacific.
This
synthesis
compiles
insights
on
batoid
diversity
occurrence
Fiji’s
waters
by
integrating
a
literature
review,
participatory
science
programs
such
as
Great
Fiji
Shark
Count
(GFSC)
Initiative,
Projects
Abroad
(PA),
Manta
Project
(MPF),
iNaturalist,
along
with
environmental
DNA.
Nineteen
species
from
seven
families
were
identified:
19
literature,
12
programs,
six
eDNA
analysis.
Notably,
this
study
provides
first
photographic
evidence
for
bentfin
devil
ray
(Mobula
thurstoni,
Lloyd,
1908)
Fiji.
GFSC
data
indicated
highest
Western
Division,
spotted
eagle
rays
(Aetobatus
ocellatus,
Kuhl,
1823)
maskrays
(Neotrygon
sp.)
being
observed
most.
In-person
interviews
conducted
PA
provided
information
wedgefishes
potentially
sawfishes.
MPF
records
iNaturalist
uploads
dominated
reef
manta
(M.
alfredi,
Krefft,
1868),
while
pink
whipray
(Pateobatis
fai,
Jordan
Seale,
1906)
yielded
DNA
sequences.
Overall,
68.4%
face
an
elevated
extinction
risk
based
International
Union
Conservation
Nature
Red
List
criteria.
Although
caution
is
warranted
older
literature-based
giant
guitarfish
(Glaucostegus
typus,
Anonymous
[Bennett],
1830),
stingaree
(Plesiobatis
daviesi,
Wallace,
1967),
lack
sawfish
verification,
highlights
effectiveness
combined
methodological
approach
establishing
reference
point
understudied
taxon
Frontiers in Marine Science,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
11
Опубликована: Июнь 6, 2024
Despite
regulations
aimed
at
curbing
shark
finning
and
bycatch,
fishing
mortality
rates
continue
to
escalate,
partly
due
unintended
consequences
of
these
policies
which,
along
with
illegal,
unreported,
unregulated
ghost
fishing,
undermine
conservation
efforts.
The
ineffectiveness
current
curb
highlights
the
pressing
need
for
reevaluating
strategies,
especially
in
ecologically
sensitive
areas.
In
this
context,
debate
on
enforcing
longlining
bans
multiple-use
marine
protected
areas,
including
sanctuaries,
is
intensifying.
Some
argue
total
minimize
incidental
mortalities,
while
others
highlight
socioeconomic
importance
longlining,
advocating
alternative
measures.
2000,
longline
was
banned
Galapagos
Marine
Reserve
(GMR)
as
a
precautionary
measure
prevent
illegal
sharks
bycatch
endangered,
threatened,
species.
After
24
years
enforcement,
official
anecdotal
evidence
indicate
that
small-scale
tuna
are
increasing
threats
across
reserve.
This
paper
provides
an
overview
controversy
within
GMR,
incorporating
scientific
evidence,
legal
considerations,
perceptions
from
community.
We
offer
novel
insights
recommendations
development
fishery
ecosystem
approach
fisheries.
aims
reconcile
goals
needs
local
communities,
also
proposing
innovative
solutions
address
longstanding
surrounding
GMR.