The human gut microbiome and aging

Gut Microbes, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(1)

Опубликована: Июнь 3, 2024

The composition of the human gut microbiome has been observed to change over course an individual's life. From birth, it is shaped by mode delivery, diet, environmental exposures, geographic location, exposures medications, and aging itself. Here, we present a narrative review across lifespan with focus on its impacts age-related diseases in humans. We will describe how shaped, features that have associated at different phases life this can adversely affect healthy aging. Across lifespan, especially old age, diverse includes organisms suspected produce anti-inflammatory metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids, reported be These findings remarkably consistent regions world suggesting they could universal all cultures genetic backgrounds. Exactly these biologic processes thus promoting crucial targeting for interventions support health longevity.

Язык: Английский

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Early life microbial succession in the gut follows common patterns in humans across the globe

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 14, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Exploring the vitamin biosynthesis landscape of the human gut microbiota

mSystems, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Сен. 17, 2024

ABSTRACT The human gut microbiota possesses the capacity to synthesize vitamins, especially B group which are recognized as indispensable for various biological processes both among members of these bacterial communities and host cells. Accordingly, vitamin production by intestinal commensals has attracted significant interest. Nevertheless, our current understanding synthesis is primarily based on individual genomic monoculture investigations, therefore not providing an overall view biosynthetic potential complex microbial communities. In study, we utilized over 100 genes known be involved in biosynthesis K vitamins assess corresponding approximately 8,000 microbiomes. Our analyses reveal that host-associated factors, such age geographical origin, appear influence diversity abundance pathways. Furthermore, identify substantially contribute functions at each stage life. Interestingly, inference co-associations network relationships uncovered apparent key role played folate cobalamin equilibrium establishment infant adult communities, respectively. IMPORTANCE Overall, this study expands microbe-mediated may provide novel targets improve availability essential micronutrients host.

Язык: Английский

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Roadmap for alleviating the manifestations of ageing in the cardiovascular system

Nature Reviews Cardiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 19, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Functional modulation of the human gut microbiome by bacteria vehicled by cheese

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2025

ABSTRACT Since cheese is one of the most commonly and globally consumed fermented foods, scientific investigations in recent decades have focused on determining impact this dairy product human health well-being. However, modulatory effect exerted by autochthonous microbial community taxonomic composition associated functional potential gut microbiota still far from being fully dissected or understood. Here, through use an vitro gut-simulating cultivation model combination with multi-omics approaches, we shown that minor rather than dominant bacterial players are responsible for modulation consumers. These include taxa genera Enterococcus , Bacillus Clostridium, Hafnia . Indeed, they contribute to expand intestinal ecosystem introducing genes production metabolites relevant biological activity, including involved synthesis vitamins, short-chain fatty acids, amino acids. Furthermore, tracing microbiota-associated strains fecal samples consumers provided evidence horizontal transmission events, enabling detection particular transferred humans. Moreover, transcriptomic metabolomic analyses a horizontally transmitted (cheese-to-consumer) strain, i.e., paralvei T10, cultivated environment-simulating medium, confirmed concept cheese-derived bacteria may arsenal consumer’s microbiota. This highlights biologically contributions food microbes acquired consumption health. IMPORTANCE Diet universally recognized as primary factor influencing modulating both taxonomically functionally. In context, cheese, its own microbiota, serves not only source nourishment humans, but also nutrients Additionally, it act vehicle food-associated microorganisms which undergo transfer consumer, potentially host The current study can be traced repertoire significant implications

Язык: Английский

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Effects of bacteriophages on gut microbiome functionality

Gut Microbes, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(1)

Опубликована: Март 31, 2025

The gut microbiome, composed of bacteria, fungi, and viruses, plays a crucial role in maintaining the delicate balance human health. Emerging evidence suggests that microbiome disruptions can have far-reaching implications, ranging from development inflammatory diseases cancer to metabolic disorders. Bacteriophages, or "phages", are viruses specifically infect bacterial cells, their interactions with receiving increased attention. Despite recently revived interest phageome, it is still considered "dark matter" gut, more than 80% viral genomes remaining uncharacterized. Today, research focused on understanding mechanisms by which phages influence microbiota potential applications. Bacteriophages may regulate relative abundance communities, affect functions various ways, modulate mammalian host immunity. This review explores how functionality, particularly commensals pathogens, emphasizing health disease.

Язык: Английский

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Vitamin biosynthesis in the gut: interplay between mammalian host and its resident microbiota

Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 2, 2025

SUMMARYIn recent years, exhaustive efforts have been made to dissect the composition of gut-associated microbial communities and associated interactions with their human host, which are thought play a crucial role in host development, physiology, metabolic functions. Although such studies were initially focused on description compositional shifts microbiota that occur between different health conditions, more recently, they provided key insights into functional contributions gut overall physiology. In this context, an important activity is believed be represented by synthesis various vitamins may elicit considerable benefits health. A growing body scientific literature now available relating (predicted) bacterial vitamin biosynthetic abilities, ever-growing information concerning prevalence these abilities among members microbiota. This review aimed at disentangling if how cooperative trophic contribute production, such, microbiota-mediated production varies according life stages. Moreover, it offers brief exploration diets influence shaping while also providing preliminary potential correlations microbiota-associated occurrence diseases and/or disorders.

Язык: Английский

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System Overview from Physiological and Pathological Standpoints

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Heart rate variability, daily cortisol indices and their association with psychometric characteristics and gut microbiota composition in an Italian community sample

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Март 12, 2025

Abstract The microbiota–gut–brain axis is a complex communication system that plays crucial role in influencing various aspects of our physical and mental health. goal this study was to determine the extent which individual differences resting measures vagally-mediated heart rate variability (HRV) cortisol levels were associated with psychometric specific gut microbiota characteristics seventy-five (38 females) healthy individuals. Participants assessed for HRV, daily salivary levels, characteristics, composition. Using categorical approach based on median split HRV values, we identified an association between low greater depressive symptomatology, altered (e.g., higher abundance Prevotella smaller Faecalibacterium , Alistipes Gemmiger). This suggests may be useful biomarker microbiota-gut brain function, play important bidirectional link dysbiosis depression. On other hand, parameters awakening response, diurnal slope) either anxiety perceived stress, or profile. Therefore, their utility as biomarkers microbiota-gut-brain function needs further scrutiny.

Язык: Английский

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Synthetic vs. non-synthetic sweeteners: their differential effects on gut microbiome diversity and function

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16

Опубликована: Май 15, 2025

The rising use of artificial sweeteners, favored for their zero-calorie content and superior sweetness, necessitates understanding impact on the gut microbiome. This study examines effects five common sweeteners-Acesulfame K, Rebaudioside A, Saccharin, Sucralose, Xylitol-on microbiome diversity using minibioreactor arrays. Fecal samples from three healthy individuals were used to inoculate bioreactors that subsequently supplemented with each sweetener. Over 35 days, microbial network composition analyzed. Results revealed synthetic sweeteners like Sucralose Saccharin significantly reduced diversity, while non-synthetic particularly A Xylitol, less disruptive. Acesulfame K increased but disrupted structure, suggesting potential long-term negative impacts resilience. enriched pathogenic families such as Enterobacteriaceae, whereas natural promoted beneficial taxa Lachnospiraceae. Random Matrix Theory (RMT) based analysis highlighted distinct interaction patterns, causing persistent structural changes. Findings suggest may be more favorable health than ones, emphasizing cautious use, those concerns. enhances our sweeteners' microbiome, highlighting need further research into implications.

Язык: Английский

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