Standardized mean differences in meta‐analysis: A tutorial

Cochrane Evidence Synthesis and Methods, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 2(3)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2024

Abstract This tutorial focuses on standardized mean differences (SMD) as effect measures in meta‐analyses. We will explain what they are, when should be used, how to correctly compute and interpret them, some of the most common error made within evidence synthesis.

Язык: Английский

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Stroke survivors with limited walking ability have unique barriers and facilitators to physical activity

Disability and Rehabilitation, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 9

Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2025

Stroke is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Canada. Approximately 73% stroke survivors experience limited walking ability, requiring gait aid or assistance. Physical activity important for secondary prevention, addition to its benefits physical mental health. Little known about the barriers facilitators with ability. This qualitative study used inductive thematic analysis structured interviews explore Perceived included scarcity services, societal views, changes inclement weather. desired activity, multidisciplinary rehabilitation durable medical equipment, encouragement, positive mindset, self-efficacy. Improving access services chronic phase increasing availability exercise programmes are strategies address this population. Supporting self-efficacy, addressing disability stigma, policy also needed facilitate participation.

Язык: Английский

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The interface of depression and diabetes: treatment considerations

Translational Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2025

This state-of-the-art review explores the relationship between depression and diabetes, highlighting two-way influences that make treatment challenging worsen outcomes of both conditions. Depression diabetes often co-occur share genetic, lifestyle, psychosocial risk factors. Lifestyle elements such as diet, physical activity, sleep patterns play a role on development management conditions, need for integrated strategies. The evidence suggests traditional strategies focusing either condition in isolation fall short addressing intertwined nature depression. Instead, care models encompassing psychological support medical are recommended to improve efficacy patient adherence. Such require collaboration across multiple healthcare disciplines, including endocrinology, psychiatry, primary care, offer holistic approach care. also identifies significant patient-related barriers effective management, stigma, resistance, health literacy, which be addressed through patient-centered education systems. Future directions research include longitudinal studies diverse populations further elucidate causal relationships exploration novel therapeutic targets, well effectiveness aimed at preventing onset one individuals diagnosed with other.

Язык: Английский

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A Linear Periodized Resistance Training Program Is Effective at Reducing Depressive Symptoms but Not Anxiety in Females: A Pilot

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(3), С. 853 - 853

Опубликована: Янв. 28, 2025

Background/Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine whether a periodized resistance training program would influence self-reported depression and anxiety scores in college-aged females. Methods: Eight participants participated six-week program. completed 3–5 repetition maximum (3–5 RM) for the sumo deadlift (SDL), bench press (BP), barbell back squat (BBS), standing shoulder (SSP). These data were used estimate 1 (1RM), which turn develop periodization Following baseline testing, two full-body workouts per week six weeks. Each individual retested after they 6-week program, performing RM SDL, BP, BBS, SSP. To symptoms anxiety, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) Anxiety (BAI) distributed before participating A repeated measures 2 × Analysis Variance (ANOVA) effect had on outcome measures. Results: There significant (p = 0.011) decrease BDI 6 weeks training. no statistically difference BAI 0.106). correlation between any exercise scores. Conclusions: results current indicate that is effective at reducing using

Язык: Английский

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The therapeutic potential of exercise in post-traumatic stress disorder and its underlying mechanisms: A living systematic review of human and non-human studies

Wellcome Open Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 9, С. 720 - 720

Опубликована: Фев. 5, 2025

Background Exercise for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a potentially effective adjunct to psychotherapy. However, the biopsychosocial mechanisms of exercise are not well understood. This co-produced living systematic review synthesizes evidence from human and non-human studies. Methods We Included controlled studies involving searches multiple electronic databases (until 31.10.23). Records were screened, extracted, assessed risk bias, reconciled by two independent reviewers. The primary outcome was PTSD symptom severity, while outcomes interest included freezing behaviour, fear memory, generalization, startle response, locomotion. Data synthesised with random-effects meta-analysis. Results Eleven met eligibility criteria. Overall, associated severity improvement compared control (standardized mean difference [SMD] -0.08, 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.24 0.07; 8 studies, one at low bias). High-intensity reduced symptoms scores more than moderate-intensity exercise. There insufficient data examine effects on functional impairment, clusters, remission. Only three all high examined inconclusive results. in behavioural outcomes, including locomotor activity (SMD 1.30, CI 0.74 1.87, 14 studies), changes several neurobiological markers, increase brain-derived neurotrophic factor 1.79, 0.56 3.01). Conclusions While provide compelling beneficial exercise, trials do not. Evidence suggest that might levels factor, enhance cognitive appraisal, improve perceived exertion. paucity effectiveness action underscore need rigorous trials. Registration protocol registered PROSPERO (ID:453615; 22.08.2023).

Язык: Английский

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Differential Regulation of miRNA and Protein Profiles in Human Plasma-Derived Extracellular Vesicles via Continuous Aerobic and High-Intensity Interval Training

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(3), С. 1383 - 1383

Опубликована: Фев. 6, 2025

Both continuous aerobic training (CAT) and high-intensity interval (HIIT) are recommended to promote health prevent diseases. Exercise-induced circulating extracellular vesicles (EX-EVs) have been suggested play essential roles in mediating organ crosstalk, but corresponding molecular mechanisms remain unclear. To assess compare the systemic effects of CAT HIIT, five healthy male volunteers were assigned HIIT CAT, with a 7-day between sessions. Plasma EVs collected at rest or immediately after each section, prior proteomics miRNA profile analysis. We found that differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs EX-EVs largely involved regulation transcriptional factors, while most DE proteins identified as non-secreted proteins. common neuronal signal transduction, autophagy, cell fate regulation. Specifically, showed distinct cognitive function substrate metabolism, was more associated growth, cardiac muscle function, insulin signaling pathways. Interestingly, miR-379 cluster within specifically regulated by involving several biological functions, including neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction. Furthermore, likely originate from various tissues, metabolic immune system, nervous system. Our study provides insights into shedding light on crosstalk promotion.

Язык: Английский

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Exercise Interventions for Autistic People: An Integrative Review of Evidence from Clinical Trials

Current Psychiatry Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 12, 2025

This review integrates recent findings from randomized controlled clinical trial (RCT) research examining the impacts of physical exercise activities on various aspects and areas functioning for autistic individuals. Recent meta-analytic trials indicates intervention programs improve social communication skills children adolescents, executive children, sleep-related behavior may be helpful improving health children. There is very limited RCT evidence approaches or adults, girls women, people with co-occurring intellectual disability, reducing negative emotional symptoms (e.g., anxiety, depression) any population. The extant provides convincing, consistent positive multiple adolescents. Additional needed to determine ensure potential activity important sub-populations, including adults.

Язык: Английский

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The therapeutic potential of exercise in post-traumatic stress disorder and its underlying mechanisms: A living systematic review of human and non-human studies

Wellcome Open Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 9, С. 720 - 720

Опубликована: Апрель 7, 2025

Background Exercise for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a potentially effective adjunct to psychotherapy. However, the biopsychosocial mechanisms of exercise are not well understood. This co-produced living systematic review synthesizes evidence from human and non-human studies. Methods We Included controlled studies involving searches multiple electronic databases (until 31.10.23). Records were screened, extracted, assessed risk bias, reconciled by two independent reviewers. The primary outcome was PTSD symptom severity, while outcomes interest included freezing behaviour, fear memory, generalization, startle response, locomotion. Data synthesised with random-effects meta-analysis. Results Eleven met eligibility criteria. Overall, associated severity improvement compared control (standardized mean difference [SMD] -0.08, 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.24 0.07; 8 studies, one at low bias). High-intensity reduced symptoms scores more than moderate-intensity exercise. There insufficient data examine effects on functional impairment, clusters, remission. Only three all high examined inconclusive results. in behavioural outcomes, including locomotor activity (SMD 1.30, CI 0.74 1.87, 14 studies), changes several neurobiological markers, increase brain-derived neurotrophic factor 1.79, 0.56 3.01). Conclusions While provide compelling beneficial exercise, trials do not. Evidence suggest that might levels factor, enhance cognitive appraisal, improve perceived exertion. paucity effectiveness action underscore need rigorous trials. Registration protocol registered PROSPERO (ID:453615; 22.08.2023).

Язык: Английский

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A systematic review and network meta-analysis of psychological, psychosocial, pharmacological, physical and combined treatments for adults with a new episode of depression

EClinicalMedicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 75, С. 102780 - 102780

Опубликована: Авг. 16, 2024

Various effective treatments for depression exist. We aimed to identify the most first-line new episodes of less and more severe (defined by scale cut-off scores), update NICE guidance on management Depression in Adults England.

Язык: Английский

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Exercise for the treatment of depression

BMJ, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. q320 - q320

Опубликована: Фев. 14, 2024

Exercise for the treatment of depressionEven low intensity activities such as walking or yoga are beneficial

Язык: Английский

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