International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
20(17), С. 4146 - 4146
Опубликована: Авг. 25, 2019
The
human
organism
coexists
with
its
microbiota
in
a
symbiotic
relationship.
These
polymicrobial
communities
are
involved
many
crucial
functions,
such
as
immunity,
protection
against
pathogens,
and
metabolism
of
dietary
compounds,
thus
maintaining
homeostasis.
oral
cavity
the
colon,
although
distant
anatomic
regions,
both
highly
colonized
by
distinct
microbiotas.
However,
studies
indicate
that
bacteria
able
to
disseminate
into
colon.
This
is
mostly
evident
conditions
periodontitis,
where
specific
bacteria,
namely
Fusobacterium
nucrelatum
Porphyromonas
gingivalis
project
pathogenic
profile.
In
colon
these
can
alter
composition
residual
microbiota,
context
complex
biofilms,
resulting
intestinal
dysbiosis.
orally-driven
disruption
promotes
aberrant
immune
inflammatory
responses,
eventually
leading
colorectal
cancer
(CRC)
tumorigenesis.
Understanding
exact
mechanisms
interactions
will
yield
future
opportunities
regarding
prevention
treatment
CRC.
Microbial
roles
in
cancer
formation,
diagnosis,
prognosis,
and
treatment
have
been
disputed
for
centuries.
Recent
studies
provocatively
claimed
that
bacteria,
viruses,
and/or
fungi
are
pervasive
among
cancers,
key
actors
immunotherapy,
engineerable
to
treat
metastases.
Despite
these
findings,
the
number
of
microbes
known
directly
cause
carcinogenesis
remains
small.
Critically
evaluating
building
frameworks
such
evidence
light
modern
biology
is
an
important
task.
In
this
Review,
we
delineate
between
causal
complicit
trace
common
themes
their
influence
through
host's
immune
system,
herein
defined
as
immuno-oncology-microbiome
axis.
We
further
review
intratumoral
approaches
manipulate
gut
or
tumor
microbiome
while
projecting
next
phase
experimental
discovery.
Gut,
Год журнала:
2017,
Номер
67(8), С. 1454 - 1463
Опубликована: Окт. 7, 2017
Background
and
aims
Microbiota
alterations
are
linked
with
colorectal
cancer
(CRC)
notably
higher
abundance
of
putative
oral
bacteria
on
colonic
tumours.
However,
it
is
not
known
if
mucosa-associated
taxa
indeed
orally
derived,
such
cases
a
distinct
subset
patients
or
the
microbiome
generally
suitable
for
screening
CRC.
Methods
We
profiled
microbiota
in
swabs,
mucosae
stool
from
individuals
CRC
(99
subjects),
polyps
(32)
controls
(103).
Results
Several
were
differentially
abundant
compared
controls,
example,
Streptococcus
Prevotella
s
pp.
A
classification
model
swab
distinguished
(sensitivity:
53%
(CRC)/67%
(polyps);
specificity:
96%).
Combining
data
faecal
increased
sensitivity
this
to
76%
(CRC)/88%
(polyps).
detected
similar
bacterial
networks
datasets
comprising
biofilm
forming
bacteria.
While
these
more
CRC,
core
between
pathogenic,
CRC-associated
as
Peptostreptococcus
,
Parvimonas
Fusobacterium
also
healthy
controls.
High
Lachnospiraceae
was
negatively
associated
colonisation
tissue
oral-like
suggesting
protective
role
certain
types
against
possibly
by
conferring
resistance
mediated
through
habitual
diet.
Conclusion
The
heterogeneity
may
relate
that
either
predispose
provide
disease,
profiling
offer
an
alternative
screen
detecting
