Annual Review of Phytopathology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
61(1), С. 377 - 401
Опубликована: Май 31, 2023
Society
is
confronted
by
interconnected
threats
to
ecological
sustainability.
Among
these
the
devastation
of
forests
destructive
non-native
pathogens
and
insects
introduced
through
global
trade,
leading
loss
critical
ecosystem
services
a
forest
health
crisis.
We
argue
that
crisis
public-good
social
dilemma
propose
response
framework
incorporates
principles
collective
action.
This
enables
scientists
better
engage
policymakers
empowers
public
advocate
for
proactive
biosecurity
management.
Collective
action
in
features
broadly
inclusive
stakeholder
engagement
build
trust
set
goals;
accountability
pest
introductions;
pooled
support
weakest-link
partners;
inclusion
intrinsic
nonmarket
values
ecosystems
risk
assessment.
provide
short-term
longer-term
measures
incorporate
above
shift
societal
paradigm
more
resilient
state.
Conservation Letters,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
15(1)
Опубликована: Июль 16, 2021
Abstract
As
of
2020,
the
world
has
an
estimated
290
million
ha
planted
forests
and
this
number
is
continuously
increasing.
Of
these,
131
are
monospecific
under
intensive
management.
Although
important
in
providing
timber,
they
harbor
less
biodiversity
potentially
more
susceptible
to
disturbances
than
natural
or
diverse
forests.
Here,
we
point
out
increasing
scientific
evidence
for
increased
resilience
ecosystem
service
provision
functionally
species
(hereafter
referred
as
forests)
compared
ones.
Furthermore,
propose
five
concrete
steps
foster
adoption
forests:
(1)
improve
awareness
benefits
practical
options
among
land‐owners,
managers,
investors;
(2)
incentivize
tree
diversity
public
funding
afforestation
programs
diversify
current
maladapted
low
diversity;
(3)
develop
new
wood‐based
products
that
can
be
derived
from
many
different
not
yet
use;
(4)
invest
research
assess
landscape
functional
connectivity
global‐change
threats;
(5)
base
on
forests,
particular
currently
under‐represented
regions,
where
could
tested.
Journal of Pest Science,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
94(3), С. 615 - 637
Опубликована: Май 15, 2021
Abstract
We
provide
an
overview
of
both
traditional
and
innovative
control
tools
for
management
three
Xylosandrus
ambrosia
beetles
(Coleoptera:
Curculionidae:
Scolytinae),
invasive
species
with
a
history
damage
in
forests,
nurseries,
orchards
urban
areas.
compactus
,
X.
crassiusculus
germanus
are
native
to
Asia,
currently
established
several
countries
around
the
globe.
Adult
females
bore
galleries
into
plant
xylem
inoculating
mutualistic
fungi
that
serve
as
food
source
developing
progeny.
Tunneling
activity
results
chewed
wood
extrusion
from
entry
holes,
sap
outflow,
foliage
wilting
followed
by
canopy
dieback,
branch
trunk
necrosis.
Maintaining
health
reducing
physiological
stress
is
first
recommendation
long-term
control.
Baited
traps,
ethanol-treated
bolts,
trap
logs
trees
selected
can
be
used
monitor
species.
Conventional
pest
methods
mostly
ineffective
against
because
pests’
broad
host
range
rapid
spread.
Due
challenges
conventional
control,
more
approaches
being
tested,
such
optimization
push–pull
strategy
based
on
specific
attractant
repellent
combinations,
or
use
insecticide-treated
netting.
Biological
release
entomopathogenic
mycoparasitic
fungi,
well
antagonistic
bacteria,
has
yielded
promising
results.
However,
these
technologies
still
require
validation
real
field
conditions.
Overall,
we
suggest
efforts
should
primarily
focus
potentially
combined
multi-faceted
approach
controlling
damage.
Basic and Applied Ecology,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
55, С. 33 - 52
Опубликована: Фев. 9, 2021
Global
change
exposes
forest
ecosystems
to
many
risks
including
novel
climatic
conditions,
increased
frequency
of
extremes
and
sudden
emergence
spread
pests
pathogens.
At
the
same
time,
landscape
restoration
has
regained
global
attention
as
an
integral
strategy
for
climate
mitigation.
Owing
unpredictable
future
need
new
forests
that
provide
multiple
ecosystem
services,
mixed-species
have
been
advocated
this
purpose.
However,
successful
establishment
mixed
requires
intrinsic
knowledge
biodiversity's
role
functioning.
In
respect,
a
better
understanding
tree-tree
interactions
how
they
contribute
observed
positive
tree
species
richness
effects
on
key
functions
is
critical.
Here,
we
review
current
underlying
mechanisms
argue
net
biodiversity
at
community
scale
may
emerge
from
dominance
over
negative
local
neighbourhood
scale.
second
step,
demonstrate
immediate
neighbourhood's
can
be
systematically
assessed
in
diversity
experiment.
The
expected
results
will
improve
predictions
about
functioning
based
general
principles.
We
urgently
required
guide
design
mixtures
newly
planted
forests.
Global Change Biology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
28(14), С. 4323 - 4341
Опубликована: Апрель 16, 2022
Natural
disturbances
exacerbated
by
novel
climate
regimes
are
increasing
worldwide,
threatening
the
ability
of
forest
ecosystems
to
mitigate
global
warming
through
carbon
sequestration
and
provide
other
key
ecosystem
services.
One
way
cope
with
unknown
disturbance
events
is
promote
ecological
resilience
both
functional
trait
structural
diversity
fostering
connectivity
landscape
ensure
a
rapid
efficient
self-reorganization
system.
We
investigated
how
expected
unexpected
variations
in
biotic
affect
storage
forested
region
southeastern
Canada.
Using
process-based
model
(LANDIS-II),
we
simulated
responses
change
insect
outbreaks
under
different
policy
scenarios-including
approach
based
on
diversification
network
analysis-and
tested
potentially
most
damaging
pests
interact
changes
composition
structure
due
changing
management.
found
that
warming,
lengthening
vegetation
season,
will
increase
productivity
storage,
but
impacts
drought
drastically
reduce
such
variables.
Generalist,
non-native
insects
feeding
hardwood
agents
for
our
region,
their
monitoring
early
detection
should
be
priority
authorities.
Higher
driven
climate-smart
management
fostered
promotes
warm-adapted
species,
might
severity.
However,
alternative
scenarios
led
higher
as
well
connectivity-and
thus
resilience-than
conventional
Our
results
demonstrate
adopting
landscape-scale
perspective
planning
interventions
strategically
space
diversify
forests
promising
enhancing
stressors.
Agricultural and Forest Entomology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
25(1), С. 119 - 129
Опубликована: Сен. 5, 2022
Abstract
Several
time‐series
analyses
have
demonstrated
that
after
extreme
summer
drought
bark
beetle
damage
increased.
However,
studies
predicting
stand
susceptibility
over
large
spatial
extents
are
limited
by
technical
constraints
in
obtaining
detailed,
spatially‐explicit
data
on
infestation
spot
occurrence.
Using
a
unique
dataset
of
georeferenced
data,
we
tested
whether
the
variation
local
growing
conditions
forest
stands,
topography,
and
landscape
variables
modified
occurrence
Ips
typographus
infestations
severe
hot
Central
Europe.
Bark
depended
soil‐related
aridity
intensity,
elevation,
slope,
soil
conditions.
We
showed
elevation
interacted
with
topography.
At
low
elevations,
spruce
forests
flat
areas
wetter
soils
were
more
sensitive
to
infestations.
On
contrary,
steep
slopes
water
availability
rarely
attacked.
scale,
increased
host
tree
cover
but
decreased
compositional
diversity.
Our
findings
generally
consistent
growth‐differentiation
balance
hypothesis
predicts
trees
under
chronic
dry
tend
be
resistant
against
biotic
disturbances.
Spruce
stands
at
elevations
located
homogeneous
landscapes
dominated
those
exposed
beetles
initial
phase
drought‐induced
outbreak.
Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
61, С. 101266 - 101266
Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2023
Global
changes
play
today
an
important
role
in
altering
patterns
of
human,
animal,
and
plant
host–pathogen
interactions
invasive
pest
species.
With
rapid
development
sequencing
technology,
there
is
also
increase
pathogen
studies
adopting
a
macroscale,
biogeographical
perspective,
we
present
the
most
recent
elements
on
existing
ecological
trends.
We
compare
results
one
hand
emerging
infectious
diseases
animals
humans,
other
pathogens
pests.
International
exchanges
people,
animals,
products
currently
contribute
to
their
geographical
extension
but
with
notable
differences
across
disease
systems,
regions.
This
review
highlights
that
subject
pests,
traditionally
rooted
agronomic
approaches,
lacks
work
macroecology
biogeography.
discuss
research
orientations
better
anticipate
economic
impacts
order
achieve
environmental
sustainability.
Frontiers in Forests and Global Change,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
6
Опубликована: Ноя. 9, 2023
Although
decades
of
research
suggest
that
higher
species
richness
improves
ecosystem
functioning
and
stability,
planted
forests
are
predominantly
monocultures.
To
determine
whether
diversification
plantations
would
enhance
aboveground
carbon
storage,
we
systematically
reviewed
over
11,360
publications,
acquired
data
from
a
global
network
tree
diversity
experiments.
We
compiled
maximum
dataset
79
monoculture
to
mixed
comparisons
21
sites
with
all
variables
needed
for
meta-analysis.
assessed
stocks
in
mixed-species
vs.
(a)
the
average
monocultures,
(b)
best
monoculture,
(c)
commercial
examined
potential
mechanisms
driving
differences
between
mixtures
On
average,
found
were
70%
than
77%
25%
performing
although
latter
was
not
statistically
significant.
Overyielding
highest
four-species
(richness
range
2–6
species),
but
otherwise
none
(nitrogen-fixer
present
absent;
native
non-native/mixed
origin;
experiment
forestry
plantation)
consistently
explained
variation
effects.
Our
results,
young
stands,
thus
could
be
very
promising
solution
increasing
sequestration
represent
call
action
more
increase
confidence
these
results
elucidate
methods
overcome
any
operational
challenges
costs
associated
diversification.
