The 24-hour molecular landscape after exercise in humans reveals MYC is sufficient for muscle growth

EMBO Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Окт. 31, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Effects of low-load resistance training with blood flow restriction on muscle fiber myofibrillar and extracellular area

Frontiers in Physiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Фев. 20, 2024

Blood flow restriction applied during low-load resistance training (LL-BFR) induces a similar increase in the cross-sectional area of muscle fibers (fCSA) compared to traditional high-load (HL-RT). However, it is unclear whether LL-BFR leads differential changes myofibrillar spacing and/or extracellular HL-RT. Therefore, this study aimed investigate hypertrophy type I and II induced by or HL-RT accompanied non-myofibrillar areas. In addition, we examined if was differentially affected between these two protocols. Twenty recreationally active participants were assigned groups underwent 6-week program. Muscle biopsies taken before after period. The fCSA fibers, occupied components, analyzed using immunohistochemistry techniques. Despite significant mean (type + II) ( p < 0.05), there no proportionality areas [∼86% ∼14%, respectively > 0.05)], indicating that initial adaptations are primarily characterized conventional rather than disproportionate expansion. Additionally, not significantly altered summary, our reveals LL-BFR, like HL-RT, skeletal with proportional myofibrillar, non-myofibrillar, components.

Язык: Английский

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Age-related blunting of serial sarcomerogenesis and mechanical adaptations following 4 wk of maximal eccentric resistance training

Journal of Applied Physiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 136(5), С. 1209 - 1225

Опубликована: Март 21, 2024

The loss of sarcomeres in series with age contributes to declining muscle performance. present study investigated whether eccentric training could improve performance via serial sarcomere addition old muscle, like young muscle. Four weeks maximal induced the rat plantar flexors and improved vivo performance, however, led dysfunctional remodeling accompanied by further impaired rats.

Язык: Английский

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Circulating extracellular vesicle characteristics differ between men and women following 12 weeks of concurrent exercise training

Physiological Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(9)

Опубликована: Май 1, 2024

Abstract Concurrent resistance and endurance exercise training (CET) has well‐studied benefits; however, inherent hormonal genetic differences alter adaptive responses to between sexes. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are factors that contribute signaling. Our purpose was test if EV characteristics differ men women following CET. 18 young healthy participants underwent 12‐weeks of Prior CET, subjects performed an acute bout heavy (AHRET) consisting 6 × 10 back squats at 75% 1RM. At rest AHRET, EVs were isolated from plasma miRNA contents analyzed. AHRET elevated abundance in trained only (+51%) AHRET‐induced changes observed for muscle‐derived microvesicles. There considerable sex‐specific effects CET on miRNAs, highlighted by larger variation the 12‐week program compared rest. Pathway analysis based differentially expressed miRNAs predicted 12 weeks positively regulates hypertrophy growth pathways more so than women. This report highlights sex‐based response concurrent suggests may be important signaling altered training.

Язык: Английский

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The rRNA epitranscriptome and myonuclear SNORD landscape in skeletal muscle fibers contributes to ribosome heterogeneity and is altered by hypertrophic stimulus

AJP Cell Physiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 327(3), С. C516 - C524

Опубликована: Июнь 24, 2024

Ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) are posttranscriptionally modified by 2′ O-methyl (2′- O-Me). This study applied RiboMeth-seq (RMS) to detect changes in 2′- O-Me levels during skeletal muscle hypertrophy, uncovering transient diversification of the ribosome pool fibers. work implies a role for heterogeneity growth and adaptation.

Язык: Английский

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Coordinated Regulation of Myonuclear DNA Methylation, mRNA, and miRNA Levels Associates With the Metabolic Response to Rapid Synergist Ablation-Induced Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy in Female Mice

Function, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 5(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 6, 2023

Abstract The central dogma of molecular biology dictates the general flow information from DNA that leads to a functional cellular outcome. In skeletal muscle fibers, extent which global myonuclear transcriptional alterations, accounting for epigenetic and post-transcriptional influences, contribute an adaptive stress response is not clearly defined. this investigation, we leveraged integrated analysis myonucleus-specific methylome transcriptome, as well small RNA profiling molecularly define early phase fiber hypertrophy. mature microRNA other species provides new directions exploring adaptation complemented methylation information. Our multi-omics interrogation revealed coordinated landscape during loading coincides with acute rapid reduction oxidative metabolism. This may favor biosynthesis-oriented metabolic program supports hypertrophic growth.

Язык: Английский

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The 24-Hour Time Course of Integrated Molecular Responses to Resistance Exercise in Human Skeletal Muscle ImplicatesMYCas a Hypertrophic Regulator That is Sufficient for Growth

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 27, 2024

Abstract Molecular control of recovery after exercise in muscle is temporally dynamic. A time course biopsies around resistance (RE) combined with -omics necessary to better comprehend the molecular contributions skeletal adaptation humans. Vastus lateralis before and 30 minutes, 3-, 8-, 24-hours acute RE were collected. time-point matched biopsy-only group was also included. RNA-sequencing defined transcriptome while DNA methylomics computational approaches complemented these data. The post-RE revealed: 1) methylome responses at minutes corresponded upregulated genes 3 hours, 2) a burst translation- transcription-initiation factor-coding transcripts occurred between 8 3) global gene expression peaked 4) ribosome-related dominated mRNA landscape 24 5) methylation-regulated MYC highly influential transcription factor throughout 24-hour played primary role levels hours. influence human strengthened by information from overexpression mouse muscle. To test whether sufficient for hypertrophy, we generated fiber-specific doxycycline inducible model pulsatile induction. Periodic 48-hour pulses over 4 weeks resulted higher mass fiber size soleus adult female mice. Collectively, present resolved resource understanding adaptations reveal as regulator RE-induced hypertrophy.

Язык: Английский

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Exercise to Prevent Accelerated Vascular Aging in People Living With HIV

Circulation Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 134(11), С. 1607 - 1635

Опубликована: Май 23, 2024

Given advances in antiretroviral therapy, the mortality rate for HIV infection has dropped considerably over recent decades. However, people living with (PLWH) experience longer life spans coupled persistent immune activation despite viral suppression and potential toxicity from long-term therapy use. Consequently, PLWH face a cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk more than twice that of general population, making it leading cause death among this group. Here, we briefly review epidemiology CVD highlighting disparities at intersections sex gender, age, race/ethnicity, contributions social determinants health psychosocial stress to increased individuals marginalized identities. We then overview pathophysiology discuss primary factors implicated as contributors on therapy. Subsequently, highlight functional evidence premature vascular dysfunction an early pathophysiological determinant PLWH, several mechanisms underlying synthesize current research accelerated aging focusing activation, chronic inflammation, oxidative stress. consider understudied aspects such HIV-related changes gut microbiome stress, which may serve through exercise can abrogate aging. Emphasizing significance exercise, various modalities their impacts health, proposing holistic approach managing risks PLWH. The discussion extends critical future study areas related aging, CVD, efficacy interventions, call inclusive considers diversity population.

Язык: Английский

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Supplementation Strategies for Strength and Power Athletes: Carbohydrate, Protein, and Amino Acid Ingestion

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(12), С. 1886 - 1886

Опубликована: Июнь 14, 2024

It is a common belief amongst strength and power athletes that nutritional supplementation strategies aid recovery by shifting the anabolic/catabolic profile toward anabolism. Factors such as nutrient quantity, quality, timing significantly impact upon effectiveness of in optimizing acute responses to resistance exercise adaptive response training (i.e., muscle growth expression). Specifically, aim this review address carbohydrates (CHOs), protein (PRO), and/or amino acids (AAs) strategies, there growing evidence suggesting link between signaling initiation synthesis, glycogen resynthesis, attenuation myofibrillar degradation following exercise. Collectively, current scientific literature indicates utilizing CHO, PRO, AA represents an important approach aimed at enhancing muscular for athletes, primarily increased hypertrophy enhanced expression. There appears be critical interaction nutrient–cell associated with principle pre-exercise, during, post-exercise). Recommendations promote are provided.

Язык: Английский

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miRNA‐1 regulation is necessary for mechanical overload‐induced muscle hypertrophy in male mice

Physiological Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNAs that play a critical role in regulating gene expression post‐transcriptionally. They involved various developmental and physiological processes, their dysregulation is linked to diseases. Skeletal muscle‐specific miRNAs, including miR‐1, crucial the development maintenance of skeletal muscle. It has been demonstrated miR‐1 decreases by approximately 50% response hypertrophic stimuli, suggesting its potential involvement muscle hypertrophy. In our study, we hypothesize reduction levels necessary for growth due interaction essential pro‐growth genes. Promoting smaller levels, observed blunted mice undergoing murine model addition, results suggest inhibits Itm2a , membrane‐related protein, as miR‐1‐related candidate While exact mechanism hypertrophy not identified, miR‐1‐regulated membrane proteins important

Язык: Английский

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