The role of the salience network in cognitive and affective deficits

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 17

Опубликована: Март 20, 2023

Analysis and interpretation of studies on cognitive affective dysregulation often draw upon the network paradigm, especially Triple Network Model, which consists default mode (DMN), frontoparietal (FPN), salience (SN). DMN activity is primarily dominant during leisure self-monitoring processes. The FPN peaks task involvement exertion. Meanwhile, SN serves as a dynamic “switch” between FPN, in line with demand. In domains, dysfunctions involving are connected to broad spectrum deficits maladaptive behavioral patterns variety clinical disorders, such depression, insomnia, narcissism, PTSD (in case hyperactivity), chronic pain, anxiety, high degrees neuroticism, schizophrenia, epilepsy, autism, neurodegenerative illnesses, bipolar disorder hypoactivity). We discuss neurological data from various research domains present an integrated perspective indicating that these conditions can be associated widespread disruption predictive coding at multiple hierarchical levels. delineate fundamental ideas brain paradigm contrast them conventional modular method first section this article. Following this, we outline interaction model key functional networks highlight recent coupling SN-related impairments.

Язык: Английский

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A new science of emotion: implications for functional neurological disorder

Brain, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 145(8), С. 2648 - 2663

Опубликована: Июнь 2, 2022

Abstract Functional neurological disorder reflects impairments in brain networks leading to distressing motor, sensory and/or cognitive symptoms that demonstrate positive clinical signs on examination incongruent with other conditions. A central issue historical and contemporary formulations of functional has been the mechanistic aetiological role emotions. However, debate mostly omitted fundamental questions about nature emotions first place. In this perspective article, we outline a set relevant working principles (e.g. allostasis, predictive processing, interoception affect), followed by focused review theory constructed emotion introduce new understanding what are. Building theoretical framework, formulate how altered category construction can be an integral component pathophysiology related somatic symptoms. doing so, address several themes for field including: (i) energy regulation process relate symptom generation, including revisiting alexithymia, ‘panic attack without panic’, dissociation, insecure attachment influential life experiences; (ii) re-interpret select neurobiological research findings cohorts through lens illustrate its potential relevance; (iii) discuss therapeutic implications. While continue support is mechanistically aetiologically heterogenous, consideration relates generation maintenance offers integrated viewpoint cuts across neurology, psychiatry, psychology cognitive-affective neuroscience.

Язык: Английский

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Improving the study of brain-behavior relationships by revisiting basic assumptions

Trends in Cognitive Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 27(3), С. 246 - 257

Опубликована: Фев. 2, 2023

Neuroimaging research has been at the forefront of concerns regarding failure experimental findings to replicate. In study brain-behavior relationships, past failures find replicable and robust effects have attributed methodological shortcomings. Methodological rigor is important, but there are other overlooked possibilities: most published studies share three foundational assumptions, often implicitly, that may be faulty. this paper, we consider empirical evidence from human brain imaging non-human animals calls each assumption into question. We then opportunities for a science relationships await if scientists ground their efforts in revised assumptions supported by current evidence.

Язык: Английский

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The neurobiology of interoception and affect

Trends in Cognitive Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 28(7), С. 643 - 661

Опубликована: Фев. 22, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Context reconsidered: Complex signal ensembles, relational meaning, and population thinking in psychological science.

American Psychologist, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 77(8), С. 894 - 920

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2022

This article considers the status and study of "context" in psychological science through lens research on emotional expressions. The begins by updating three well-trod methodological debates role context expressions to reconsider several fundamental assumptions lurking within field's dominant tradition: namely, that certain expressive movements have biologically prepared, inherent meanings issue from singular, universal processes which are independent but interact with contextual influences. second part this scientific opportunities await if we set aside traditional understanding as a moderator signals meaning instead consider possibility events emerge ecosystems signal ensembles, such any individual is entirely relational. Such shift has radical implications not only for emotion more generally. It offers improve validity trustworthiness beyond what can be achieved improvements rigor alone. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Язык: Английский

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Correspondence of functional connectivity gradients across human isocortex, cerebellum, and hippocampus

Communications Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 6(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 12, 2023

Gradient mapping is an important technique to summarize high dimensional biological features as low manifold representations in exploring brain structure-function relationships at various levels of the cerebral cortex. While recent studies have characterized major gradients functional connectivity several structures using this technique, very few systematically examined correspondence such across under a common systems-level framework. Using resting-state magnetic resonance imaging, here we show that organizing principles isocortex, and those cerebellum hippocampus relation can be described two gradients. We suggest similarity these meaningfully interpreted within computational framework based on predictive processing. The present results, specific hypotheses they suggest, represent step toward integrative account function.

Язык: Английский

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Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation modulates the processing of interoceptive prediction error signals and their role in allostatic regulation

Human Brain Mapping, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 45(3)

Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2024

It has recently been suggested that predictive processing principles may apply to interoception, defined as the of hormonal, autonomic, visceral, and immunological signals. In current study, we aimed at providing empirical evidence for role cardiac interoceptive prediction errors signals on allostatic adjustments, using transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) a tool modulate afferents. within-subject design, participants performed cardiac-related task (heartbeat counting task) under taVNS sham stimulation, spaced 1-week apart. We observed taVNS, in contrast facilitated maintenance accuracy levels over time (from initial, stimulation-free, baseline block subsequent blocks), suggesting have helped maintain engagement afferent During task, compared sham, produced higher heart-evoked potentials (HEP) amplitudes, potential readout measure error processing. Further analyses revealed positive relation between adjustments-as measured by heart rate variability (HRV)-was mediated HEP amplitudes. Providing initial support accounts our results suggest increase precision with which are processed, favoring their influence adjustments.

Язык: Английский

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Gradients of Brain Organization: Smooth Sailing from Methods Development to User Community

Neuroinformatics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 3, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Weakened effective connectivity between salience network and default mode network during resting state in adolescent depression

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Апрель 4, 2024

Adolescent major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with altered resting-state connectivity between the default mode network (DMN) and salience (SN), which are involved in self-referential processing detecting filtering salient stimuli, respectively. Using spectral dynamical causal modelling, we investigated effective input sensitivity key nodes of these networks 30 adolescents MDD 32 healthy controls while undergoing fMRI. We found that DMN received weaker inhibition from SN medial prefrontal cortex anterior cingulate showed reduced self-inhibition MDD, making them more prone to external influences. Moreover, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) intake was decreased increased DMN, respectively, patients. Our findings suggest adolescent characterized by a hierarchical imbalance SN, could affect integration emotional self-related information. propose SSRIs may help restore function modulating excitatory/inhibitory balance SN. study highlights potential prefrontal-amygdala interactions as biomarker therapeutic target for depression.

Язык: Английский

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Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation to Improve Emotional State

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(2), С. 407 - 407

Опубликована: Фев. 9, 2024

Emotional experiences are a part of our lives. The maladaptive functioning an individual's emotional field can lead to disturbances various kinds, such as anxiety and depression. Currently, there is increasing prevalence disorders that cause great human suffering high socioeconomic costs. processing has biological basis. major neuroscientific theories emotion based on functioning, all them take into account the anatomy function tenth cranial nerve: vagus nerve. nerve connects subdiaphragmatic supradiaphragmatic areas modulates basis interoceptive functioning. Auricular stimulation new innovative neuromodulation technique Several interventions have shown this neurostimulation very promising resource for treating disorders. In paper, we summarise three emotion, explain what transcutaneous auricular is, present arguments its use continued research.

Язык: Английский

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