School-age child neurodevelopment following antenatal Zika virus exposure

Pediatric Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 19, 2025

Язык: Английский

---

Toy Preferences among 3-to-4-Year-Old Children: The Impact of Socio-Demographic Factors and Developmental Characteristics

Psychology in Russia State of Art, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 16(2), С. 72 - 84

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

Today's common typologies and categories of children's toys are mainly decided by the manufacturers retailers products. Such categorizations not based on a theoretical understanding child development therefore cannot provide information about opportunities that for young.This study proposed three criteria categorizing cultural-historical approach: their degree realism; anthropomorphism; detail. These were chosen as result an analysis works carried out in framework approach.The tested through experiment measuring toy preferences. The participants 129 children ages 3-4 years. Experimental data confirmed most do prefer realistic detailed rather than those with fewer these properties. contribution socio-demographic factors individual developmental indicators to preference was also analyzed.The revealed among various factors, only child's gender number siblings family acted significant predictors None characteristics (nonverbal intelligence, executive functions, emotional understanding) found be particular toys.The assumption can assessed terms realism detail empirical support. results this may useful designing further research practical issue selection age

Язык: Английский

---

Work memory development dynamics in children aged 5 to 7 in a period of social isolation: The role of screen time and the number of children in the family

Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University Psychology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(3), С. 396 - 410

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

Reduced growth rates of working memory in pre-school children during periods social isolation have previously been documented. However, the question whether and how long it takes to compensate for these deficits has remained open. The present study examined longitudinal dynamics verbal visual development between age 5 7 inclusive, taking into account home environment factors such as duration screen time pandemic number family. Screen was reported range from 2 44 hours per week. general pattern this period a natural increase, independent increased, both actual level at each diagnostic cut-off rate its child grew older decreased. most pronounced negative impact on extended among only Continued use digital devices led not just slower memory, but temporary regression it. Children part sample were able catch up with their peers after returning systematic educational process resumed kindergartens.

Язык: Английский

---

Maternal depression and development of child executive functions: foreign literature review

Theoretical and experimental psychology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 17(1), С. 123 - 142

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Background: An estimated 3 to 60% of mothers worldwide suffer from depression that often goes undiagnosed and untreated. Meanwhile, a growing body research confirms adverse effects maternal on child executive functioning. Due the fact impairments become less easily reversible as grows older, we need understand mechanisms negative impact functioning outcomes, in order determine periods when interventions will be most critical effective. Objective: To review foreign studies prenatal, postpartum chronic outcomes. Methods: We searched for articles PubMed, Research Gate, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect using following keywords: “maternal depression”, “postpartum “prenatal “antental depression” combination with “child functions”. The includes all relevant were published English 2008 contain these keywords. Results. Maternal during pregnancy is associated changes fetal prefrontal cortex hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. main pathways affect development functions via stressful chaotic environment, decreased sensitivity, more reliance coercive parenting methods, harsh-intrusive pattern mother-child interaction. Moreover, children depressed exhibit psychiatric disorders adopt an avoidant social style, both which may also hinder their cognitive development. Most researchers emphasize role intensity chronicity rather than timing onset (prenatally or postpartum). Conclusion: results our underscore importance timely diagnosis treatment depression, well aimed at improving

Язык: Английский

---

Does sibling family structure matter in the emotion understanding development in preschoolers?

Frontiers in Psychology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Ноя. 27, 2024

The objective of the study was to investigate impact sibling family structure -including number children, age gaps, presence a twin, position, and gender composition - on emotion understanding its development in children aged 5-6 years. A total 409 preschoolers participated. Emotion assessed using Test Comprehension at baseline then again 1-year follow-up. In addition primary variables, executive functions (comprising visual verbal working memory cognitive flexibility) non-verbal intelligence were controlled for analysis. We used Dimensional Change Card Sort task assess flexibility, Sentence Repetition Memory Designs subtests NEPSY-II measure memory, respectively, Raven's Coloured Progressive Matrices intelligence. Sibling data obtained from parent surveys, while psychological assessments administered by psychologists. While influences understanding, it does not significantly affect over year. more advanced reflective emotional is associated with higher flexibility having younger sibling, compared other positions. results this offer additional knowledge parents, educators, therapists, child psychologists seeking deeper children. These professionals can design interventions programs that leverage peer relationships foster development, encourage collaboration through age-diverse activities, promote caregiving roles enhance group dynamics.

Язык: Английский

---

The role of inhibitory control in the development of musical abilities in children taking music classes

Perspectives of science and education, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 68(2), С. 411 - 423

Опубликована: Май 1, 2024

Introduction. Inhibitory control is one of the components executive functions in children. Through ability inhibition, a child can attention and stop his or her automatic reactions. The results numerous studies demonstrate relationship between inhibition music lessons. However, role development musical children taking lessons remains incompletely understood. Therefore, purpose this study was to identify inhibitory teachers' assessment classes. Methods. involved 198 aged from 64 108 months (M=79.28; SD=6.46), studying children's art schools Moscow Krasnodar. To test level cognitive we used "Inhibition" subtest NEPSY-II complex. physical control, "Statue" same diagnostic complex used. assess abilities, teachers completed questionnaire "Assessment Children's Musical Abilities". Correlation analysis linear regression were applied process obtained data. Results. Spearman's correlation revealed significant interrelations estimates abilities such as sense rhythm (r=0,200, p<0,01), pitch hearing (r=0,394; harmony (r=0,167; p<0,05) emotional sensitivity (r=0,282; p<0,01). In addition, effect inhibit spontaneous intentions follow instructions on assessments ability. Conclusion. conducted confirmed that have better skills response meaningful tasks rejection insignificant ones, higher evaluate melody's intonational rhythmic characteristics, well changes its mood.

Язык: Английский

---

Pandemic Disruptions and Their Consequences: A Comparative Analysis of Physical and Cognitive Development in Preschool Children (Preprint)

Опубликована: Ноя. 28, 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly disrupted the daily routines of preschool children, potentially impacting their fundamental movement skills (FMS), physical activity (PA), fitness (PF), and executive function (EF). This study aimed to compare FMS, PA, PF, EF in children during with those after its peak. It also investigated associations between these components inform potential interventions for cognitive development. involved two cohorts aged 5 6 years from four kindergartens Zhuhai, China. Data were collected phases: cohort September November 2021 post-pandemic 2023. Participants' demographic data, anthropometric measurements, performance assessed. FMS was evaluated using Test Gross Motor Development, PA monitored accelerometers, measured through computerized tasks assessing flexibility, inhibitory control, working memory. Statistical analyses included independent sample t-tests generalized linear mixed models. A total 174 participated cohort, 189 cohort. Post-pandemic participants demonstrated better locomotor (p < 0.001), balance cardiorespiratory = 0.002), flexibility muscular strength endurance 0.019), speed-agility control memory 0.004) compared peers. Conversely, exhibited higher scores ball 0.001) spent more time moderate-to-vigorous (MVPA) 0.002). Notably, varied cohorts, PF positively correlating post-pandemic. findings highlight significant differences pandemic. showed improvements various skills, suggesting that restore enhance abilities are necessary. Furthermore, emphasizes need integrated approaches support holistic development particularly wake disruptions such as

Язык: Английский

---

A contextual approach to the characteristics of a preschooler’s temperament: The role of the educational environment

Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University Psychology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(4), С. 475 - 492

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

According to numerous past and contemporary studies, biological factors (such as matura- tion of the nervous system) a number environmental influence develop- ment temperament. It has been demonstrated that, among other that manifestation temperamental characteristics, relationships be- tween parents children can be viewed an indicator social environment. When child transitions from family environment educational environment, quality which is significant element in continued development preschoolers, child’s temperament characteristics begin play increasingly essential role process socialization. In this regard, it important investigate whether there correlation between structural procedural aspects previous edu- cational milieu are related child. More research conducted on relationship i. e. interactions teacher. One principal conclusions reciprocal: teacher’s attitude toward influences traits, relationship. The structure also temperament; however, data re- lationship have collected for very long time extremely limited, necessitating further empirical validate results obtained. This paper examines rela- tionship parameters taking into consideration its interactivity (M.Rothbart), goodness fit (A.Thomas, S.Chess), niche picking (S. Scarr, C.McCarthy), differential susceptibility hypothesis (B. Ellis), sensitive periods properties. possibilities considering children’s implementation programs preschool institutions discussed.

Язык: Английский

---

The Importance of Music in the Development of Executive Functions in 6–7-Year-Old Children

Psychological-Educational Studies, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(3), С. 52 - 66

Опубликована: Сен. 27, 2023

<p>The aim of this work was to study the differences in development executive functions senior preschool children who are systematically engaged music and those not. The involved 236 (M_age=78,17, SD_age=4,3), 113 whom additionally at additional education centers. To diagnose level regulatory (inhibition, cognitive flexibility, working memory) subtests neuropsychological diagnostic complex NEPSY-II were used. A comparison averages using Mann-Whitney U-criterion revealed that attending schools have higher measures auditory memory, is, they better remembering correctly reproducing what has been listened to. They also able restrain their behavioral impulses, depending on demands situation, compared do not music. Thus, demonstrated significant some parameters involvement lessons, which emphasizes importance children's creative for formation abilities.</p>

Язык: Английский

---

Perceptions of childhood experiences and characteristics of shame in adults

Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University Psychology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(4), С. 537 - 551

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

Shame tends to motivate social approach restore the threatened self. If this seems impos- sible, however, shame activates withdrawal. Though it is unclear why one can under- estimate possibility of repairing their self, research suggests role ad- verse childhood experiences. People with such experiences report memories that have traumatic memory characteristics as intrusions, avoidance and hyperarousal, which are associated feelings helplessness alienation in face danger. Therefore, withdrawal following could be higher posttraumatic stress response The aim study was examine link between perceptions proneness adults. sample included 73 participants (60 females, 13 males), M=23. Perceptions were measured using Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire. Impact Event Scale, Guilt Prone- ness Scale a modified procedure for assessing shame-induced behavior (de Hooge et al.) used measure shame. We comparative, factorial multiple regression analyses. emotional bullying, physical assault, sexual abuse related neglect greater tendency avoid interactions when feeling Childhood adversity contribute As result, has lower expectations support

Язык: Английский

---