The influence of the environment and lifestyle on myopia

Journal of PHYSIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 43(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2024

Abstract Background Myopia, commonly known as near-sightedness, has emerged a global epidemic, impacting almost one in three individuals across the world. The increasing prevalence of myopia during early childhood heightened risk developing high and related sight-threatening eye conditions adulthood. This surge rates, occurring within relatively stable genetic framework, underscores profound influence environmental lifestyle factors on this condition. In comprehensive narrative review, we shed light both established potential contributors that affect development progression myopia. Main body Epidemiological interventional research consistently revealed compelling connection between increased outdoor time decreased children. protective effect may primarily be attributed to exposure characteristics natural (i.e., sunlight) release retinal dopamine. Conversely, irrespective time, excessive engagement near work can further worsen onset While exact mechanisms behind exacerbation are not fully comprehended, it appears involve shifts relative peripheral refraction, overstimulation accommodation, or complex interplay these factors, leading issues like image defocus, blur, chromatic aberration. Other spatial frequency visual environment, circadian rhythm, sleep, nutrition, smoking, socio-economic status, education have debatable independent influences development. Conclusion environment exerts significant Improving modifiable key predictors spent outdoors prevent slow intricate connections often obscure findings, making challenging disentangle their individual effects. complexity necessity for prospective studies employ objective assessments, such quantifying work, among others. These crucial gaining more understanding how various modified

Язык: Английский

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Efficacy of Repeated Low-Level Red Light (RLRL) therapy on myopia outcomes in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMC Ophthalmology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 24(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 20, 2024

Abstract Background Myopia is the most prevalent form of refractive error that has a major negative impact on visual function and causes blurring vision. We aimed to determine if Repeated Low-Level Red Light (RLRL) treatment beneficial in treating childhood myopia terms axial length (AL), spherical equivalent refraction (SER), sub foveal choroidal thickness (SFCT). Methods This systematic review was performed RLRL for children compared single vision spectacles (SVS). employed search strategy with key low-level light therapy then we searched PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, Web Science databases. The mean differences (MD) were used evaluate effects. Heterogeneity quantified using I 2 statistics explored by sensitivity analysis. Results Five randomized controlled trials (RCTs) included our meta-analysis total 833 patients, 407 group 426 control group. At 3 month follow up period, pooled studies show statistical difference AL between SVS (MD = -0.16; 95% CI [-0.19, -0.12], SER 0.33; [0.27, 0.38]), SFCT 43.65; [23.72, 45.58]). 6 -0.21; [-0.28, -0.15]), 0.46; [0.26, 0.65]), 25.07; [18.18, 31.95]). 12 -0.31; [-0.42, -0.19]) 0.63; [0.52, 0.73]). Conclusion first investigating only RCTs evidence supporting efficacy 650 nm short term 3, 6, months up. present revealed clinical significance as new alternative good user acceptability no documented functional or structural damage. However, effect long-term rebound after cessation require further investigations.

Язык: Английский

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The impact of lifestyle factors on myopia development: Insights and recommendations

Deleted Journal, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 1(1), С. 100010 - 100010

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2024

This study evaluates the influence of various lifestyle factors, such as screen time, physical inactivity, dietary habits, and psychological stress, on development progression myopia in comparison to genetic predisposition. It underscores critical role adopting healthier lifestyles minimize risk myopia, especially genetically susceptible individuals. integrates a systematic review existing literature with empirical data assess relationship between habits providing nuanced understanding its multifaceted etiology. Comprehensive analysis from multiple institutional clinical studies. The includes research individuals across spectrum, examining factors addition influences. Analysis focused behaviors, including digital device use, activity, patterns, sleep quality relation myopia. Correlation prevalence choices susceptibility. results highlight strong association behaviors predispositions exacerbating effects detrimental habits. In particular, proactive modifications, increasing outdoor appear be effective preventing supports an integrative approach management, emphasizing modifications conjunction awareness. calls for comprehensive public health strategies address increase advocating balanced interplay maintaining health, engaging activities, promoting mental wellness counteract multifactorial risks associated development.

Язык: Английский

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Influence of outdoor time on the spherical equivalent and axial length in childhood myopia: A meta‐analysis

Acta Ophthalmologica, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 11, 2025

Abstract This meta‐analysis investigates the effectiveness of outdoor activities in reducing onset myopia children and adolescents by analysing changes axial elongation spherical equivalent refractive error. Following PRISMA guidelines registered PROSPERO (CRD42024592971), study included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) observational studies. The eligibility criteria targeted aged 6 to 18 years with varying levels exposure. Primary outcomes were change. Studies assessed for quality using GRADE AMSTAR‐2 tools, data analysed Review Manager 5.4, random‐effects models applied when heterogeneity was significant. Fifteen studies (9 RCTs observational) included, a total 16 597 participants. Outdoor significantly reduced or delayed myopia, mean length difference −0.08 mm per year (95% CI: −0.09 −0.07) 0.16 diopters 0.07 0.25). These differences observed after 1 intervention sustained up 3 years, daily exposure ranging from 40 120 min. Heterogeneity moderate high, but sensitivity analyses confirmed robustness results. While higher appeared more effective progression, certainty this evidence rated as low due suspected publication bias, indicated analysis. activities, especially prolonged intense light, effectively reduce delay adolescents. emphasizes importance light intensity maximizing benefits interventions highlights regional effectiveness, suggesting that environmental factors play significant role outcomes.

Язык: Английский

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Intensive outdoor activity for 1 week increases choroidal thickness in Japanese schoolchildren: a prospective observational study

BMC Ophthalmology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 25(1)

Опубликована: Май 20, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Commonly Held Beliefs About Myopia That Lack a Robust Evidence Base: 2025 Update

Eye & Contact Lens Science & Clinical Practice, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 21, 2025

Purpose: To subject a number of areas contention in the myopia field to evidence-based scrutiny. Method: The 10 topics from our previous review were revisited, and nine new also critiqued with emphasis on recent peer-reviewed literature. Results: following observations made: 0.01% atropine should not be considered frontline control treatment; role relative peripheral hyperopia development progression remains unclear; undercorrection probably does slow progression; treatment efficacy diminishes time; percentage is misleading metric efficacy; handheld digital devices have been proven myopiagenic; more time outdoors may myopic shift similar extent children without myopia; daylight responsible for only part impact outdoor all myopia, just high carries risk visually threatening complications; premyopia real condition. Furthermore, disease; accommodation lag measurement artifact; adult significant; past flawed indicator initiate control; fast mean nonresponse single vision soft contact lenses are red light therapy safe; lens wear rebound cannot assessed by comparing during treatment. Conclusions: continues evolve some conflicts resolved, ongoing confusion, uncertainties emerging.

Язык: Английский

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Survey on pattern of myopia in school children in Hangzhou after the COVID-19 pandemic: a school-based vision screening study

BMC Public Health, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 24(1)

Опубликована: Июль 11, 2024

Abstract Background Myopia is a major health issue around the world. in children has increased significantly during COVID-19 pandemic China, but reports are scarce on prevalence of myopia following pandemic. This study collected vision screening data school China for five consecutive years to observe changes after and compare observed before Methods A school-based used stratified samplings collect aged 6–13 from 45 primary schools Hangzhou. Vision including uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA) spherical equivalent refraction(SER). Calculating mean SER hyperopia 2019 2023. Results total 79,068 results (158,136 eyes) were included analysis. substantial myopic shift (approximately -0.30 diopters [D] average) was found 2020 2021 compared with all age groups 0.4 D 2022 2021. slight -0.14 2023 2022. The highest or 2021, which 31.3% 6-year-olds, 43.0% 7-year-olds, 53.7% 8-year-olds. positive change rate at 6 old (0.59%, 0.12%, 0.36%, 0.25%, p < 0.001). shifted slightly 10–13 years. Children 8 13 had increase low stable grade groups, ranging 0.7% 2.2% over Conclusion rapidly After pandemic, gradually decreased temporarily then rebounded. Myopic more apparent younger children. may be related reduction outdoor time, less light, near work habits, further research needed.

Язык: Английский

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Axial length reduction and choroidal thickening with short‐term exposure to cyan light in human subjects

Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Сен. 8, 2024

Abstract Purpose Given the potential role of light and its wavelength on ocular growth, this study investigated effect short‐term exposure to red, cyan blue biometry in humans. Methods Forty‐four young adults 20 children, comprising emmetropes myopes, underwent 2‐h sessions (507 nm), red (638 nm) broadband white three separate days via light‐emitting glasses. Additionally, were exposed (454 an additional day. Axial length (AL) choroidal thickness (CT) measured right eye before (0 min), after 60 120 min 30 offset using optical biometer coherence tomographer, respectively. Results Compared light, resulted a significant increase AL (mean difference between at min, +0.007 mm [0.002]), but no change CT, while caused reduction (−0.010 [0.003]) thickening (+0.008 [0.002]) ( p < 0.05). Blue decrease −0.007 (0.002) adult eyes In led (−0.016 [0.004]) strong sustained (+0.014 compared The effects CT found be stronger myopic emmetropic children. opposing similar two age groups > Conclusions Exposure both Further research is needed determine application these results developing interventions for myopia control.

Язык: Английский

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A Child-Friendly Wearable Device for Quantifying Environmental Risk Factors for Myopia

Translational Vision Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(10), С. 28 - 28

Опубликована: Окт. 18, 2024

In the past few decades, prevalence of myopia, where eye grows too long, has increased dramatically. The visual environment appears to be critical regulating growth. Thus, it is very important determine properties that put children at risk for myopia. Researchers have suggested intensity illumination and range distances which a child's eyes are exposed important, but this not been confirmed.

Язык: Английский

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Nonlinear pathological trajectory of a high-myopia C57/BL6J mouse model induced by form deprivation

Frontiers in Physiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Окт. 30, 2024

To establish a high myopia model in C57BL/6J mice with monocular form deprivation (FDM) and investigate its ocular structure pathological trajectory.

Язык: Английский

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