Women in Parliaments and Environmentally Friendly Fiscal Policies: A Global Analysis

Sustainability, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(17), С. 7669 - 7669

Опубликована: Сен. 4, 2024

This study explores the intricate interplay between female representation in national parliaments and government fiscal policies, with a specific focus on fossil fuel subsidies, environmental taxes, expenditure, context of climate change mitigation. Using sample 160 countries over period from 1997 to 2022, this empirical analysis demonstrates positive relationship presence parliamentarians environmentally friendly measures. While women reduce amount subsidies granted fuels, they levy taxes increase spending. The findings illustrate pivotal role advocating for legislation transcending political ideologies boundaries. Addressing potential concerns endogeneity by employing additional control variables, omitted instrumental variable analyses, emphasises robustness results. Notably, finds that critical mass at least 30% enhances efficacy policy outcomes. research highlights multifaceted impact gender diversity policies related protection, offering valuable insights policymakers organisations committed sustainability equality.

Язык: Английский

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Biomimetic high-efficiency fog collector based on fractal spiral structure

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 683, С. 39 - 48

Опубликована: Дек. 20, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Impacts of reductions in non-methane short-lived climate forcers on future climate extremes and the resulting population exposure risks in eastern and southern Asia

Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 23(4), С. 2499 - 2523

Опубликована: Фев. 23, 2023

Abstract. Non-methane short-lived climate forcers (SLCFs), including aerosols, ozone, and their precursors, are important forcings primary air pollutants. Future stringent SLCF emissions controls to mitigate pollution will substantially impact regional change. Here, we investigate the changes in future extremes resulting population exposure risks Asia during 2031–2050 response non-methane reductions using multi-model ensemble (MME) simulations under two shared socioeconomic pathway (SSP) scenarios with same greenhouse gas (GHG) but weak (SSP3-7.0) strong (SSP3-7.0-lowNTCF) quality control measures from Aerosol Chemistry Model Intercomparison Project (AerChemMIP), which is endorsed by Coupled phase 6 (CMIP6). The MME results show that lead an increase of 0.23 ± 0.16 W m−2 global annual mean effective radiative forcing, thereby magnifying GHG-induced surface warming 0.19 0.1 K 2031–2050. In terms entire study area Asia, additional caused increases temperature hottest days (TXx) 0.3 K, percentage warm (TX90p) 4.8 2.2 %, number tropical nights (TR) 1.7 0.8 d, warm-spell duration (WSDI) 1.0 0.4 heavy precipitation (R10) 0.5 maximum consecutive 5 d (RX5day) mm, total wet-day (R95p) 16.4 7.3 mm sub-regional extremes, largest TXx, TX90p, WSDI occur northern India (NIN) China (NC). Relatively large TR projected NC Sichuan Basin (SCB), reaching 5.1 2.5 4.9 3.3 respectively. For greatest southern (SC), particularly southwestern (SWC), where R10 1.9 RX5day 1.5 R95p 37.5 22.6 mm. Moreover, populations exposed most sharply NIN, (32.2 11.4) × 107 person-days (4.6 6.1) 106 2031–2050, respectively, followed SCB. Our highlight significant impacts on related eastern comparable associated increased GHG forcing some regions.

Язык: Английский

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Co-occurrence of a marine heatwave and a reported tomato jellyfish (<i>Crambione mastigophora</i> Maas, 1903) bloom in March 2020 at El Nido, Palawan, Philippines

Plankton and Benthos Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 18(2), С. 93 - 105

Опубликована: Май 29, 2023

Globally, observations on marine species during heatwaves (MHWs) help outline the scope of MHW's possible biological effects. In line with this effort, paper presents a 2020 MHW that coincided reported 'tomato jellyfish' (Crambione mastigophora Maas, 1903) bloom 23 March in Corong-Corong Bay Palawan, Philippines. Detecting moderate from 21 to 04 April 2020, analysis sea surface temperatures revealed most areas surrounding site attained their peak positive anomalies same day as bloom. Certain physical mechanisms present first quarter may have played role occurrence both events: presence cyclonic eddies and parallel monsoonal winds alongshore can induce upwelling which promotes productivity waters, while observed weakening been associated anomalous warming surface. Further studies are still highly recommended determine exact causes jellyfish what conditions make it more likely happen MHWs. However, if C. is hypothetically able continually amidst temperatures, increasing trend frequency intensity West Philippine Sea (where situated) consequently yield future co-occurrences. This aims hopefully contribute existing knowledge impacts extreme events, especially context where blooms MHWs understudied.

Язык: Английский

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Satellite Time-Series Analysis for Thermal Anomaly Detection in the Naples Urban Area, Italy

Atmosphere, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(5), С. 523 - 523

Опубликована: Апрель 25, 2024

Naples is the most densely populated Italian city (7744 inhabitants per km2). It located in a particular geological context: presence of Mt Vesuvius characterizes eastern part, and western part characterized by Phlegrean Fields, making high-geothermal-gradient region. This endogenous heat, combined with anthropogenic heat due to intense urbanization, has defined as an ideal location for Surface Urban Heat Island (SUHI) analysis. SUHI analysis was effectuated acquiring Land Temperature (LST) over municipality processing Landsat 8 (L8) Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS) images 2013–2023 time series employing Google Earth Engine (GEE). In GEE, two different approaches have been followed analyze thermal images, starting from Statistical Mono Window (SMW) algorithm, which computes LST based on brightness temperature (Tb), emissivity value, atmospheric correction coefficients. The first one used retrieval daytime images; here, component derived using, firstly, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) then Cover Method (VCM), defining Emissivity (LSɛ), considers solar radiation main source energy. second approach nighttime where directly estimated Advance Spaceborne Emission Radiometer database (ASTER-GED), as, during without radiation, energy emitted Earth’s surface. From these algorithms, 123 usable were downloaded GEE analyzed Quantum GIS (QGIS). results show that more concentrated shown Corine (CLC). At same time, lower intensity detected (LC) vegetated class. Also, analysis, we highlighted 40 spots (10 hotspots 10 coldspots, both collection) present positive or negative peaks all series. Due huge amount data, this work considered only five representative determination anomalies urban environment.

Язык: Английский

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