Synaptic plasticity and mental health: methods, challenges and opportunities

Neuropsychopharmacology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 48(1), С. 113 - 120

Опубликована: Июль 9, 2022

Abstract Activity-dependent synaptic plasticity is a ubiquitous property of the nervous system that allows neurons to communicate and change their connections as function past experiences. Through reweighting strengths, can remodel itself, giving rise durable memories create biological basis for mental function. In healthy individuals, undergoes characteristic developmental aging trajectories. Dysfunctional plasticity, in turn, underlies wide spectrum neuropsychiatric disorders including depression, schizophrenia, addiction, posttraumatic stress disorder. From mechanistic standpoint, spans gamut spatial temporal scales, from microseconds lifespan, microns entire system. With numbers strengths synapses changing on such there an important need develop measurement techniques with complimentary sensitivities growing number approaches are now being harnessed this purpose. hemodynamic measures, structural tracer imaging, noninvasive neuromodulation, it possible image functional changes underlie associated behavioral learning. Here we review mechanisms neural historical future trends allow imaging accompany psychiatric disorders, highlighting emerging therapeutics challenges opportunities accompanying burgeoning area study.

Язык: Английский

---

Ten years of research on the treatments of internet gaming disorder: A scoping review and directions for future research

Journal of Behavioral Addictions, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(1), С. 51 - 65

Опубликована: Янв. 7, 2024

Although internet gaming disorder (IGD) has been listed in section III of the DSM-5 for approximately 10 years, study treatments IGD remains early stages. Nonetheless, a summary findings to date and discussion future research needs are warranted.

Язык: Английский

---

Non-invasive brain stimulation for posttraumatic stress disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Translational Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 10(1)

Опубликована: Май 28, 2020

Abstract Approximately 7–9% of people develop posttraumatic stress disorder in their lifetime, but standard pharmacological treatment or psychotherapy shows a considerable individual variation effectiveness. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and direct current (tDCS) hold promise for the disorder. The objective this meta-analysis was to summarize existing evidence on therapeutic effects these brain treatments core symptoms. We systematically retrieved articles published between 1st January 2000 2020 comparing active with sham no intervention patients from eight databases. Random-effects model used meta-analysis. Meta-regression subgroup performed investigate influence dose different protocols, respectively. 20 studies were included review, where 11 randomized controlled trials subjected quantitative analysis. Active demonstrated significant reductions symptoms large effect size (Hedge’s g = −0.975). Subgroup analysis showed that both excitatory inhibitory rTMS right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex led symptom (Hedges’ −1.161, 95% CI, −1.823 −0.499; p 0.015) medium −0.680, CI: −0.139 −0.322; ≤ 0.001) Results further indicated durability symptom-reducing during two four weeks period post −0.909, −1.611 −0.207; 0.011). appears have positive reducing

Язык: Английский

---

A systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy of intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) on cognitive enhancement

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 135, С. 104587 - 104587

Опубликована: Фев. 22, 2022

Язык: Английский

---

Virtual Reality and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

JAMA Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 81(5), С. 437 - 437

Опубликована: Март 6, 2024

Importance Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common psychiatric that particularly difficult to treat in military veterans. Noninvasive brain stimulation has significant potential as novel treatment reduce PTSD symptoms. Objective To test whether active transcranial direct current (tDCS) plus virtual reality (VR) superior sham tDCS VR for warzone-related PTSD. Design, Setting, and Participants This double-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted among US veterans enrolled from April 2018 May 2023 at secondary care Department of Veterans Affairs hospital included 1- 3-month follow-up visits. with chronic exposure, recruited via referral advertisement. Patients had be on stable regimen least 6 weeks eligible enrollment. Data were analyzed September 2023. Intervention randomly assigned receive 2-mA anodal or targeted the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, during six 25-minute sessions standardized warzone delivered over 2 3 weeks. Main Outcomes Measures The co–primary outcomes self-reported symptoms, measured checklist DSM-5 (PCL-5), alongside quality life. Other psychophysiological arousal, clinician-assessed PTSD, depression, social/occupational function. Results A total 54 participants (mean [SD] age, 45.7 [10.5] years; 51 [94%] males) assessed, including 26 group 28 group. reported reduction symptom severity 1 month ( t = −2.27, P .02; Cohen d −0.82). There no differences life between groups. Active significantly accelerated habituation events compared F 5,7689.8 4.65; < .001). Adverse effects consistent known safety profile corresponding interventions. Conclusions Relevance These findings suggest combined may promising strategy underscore innovative these technologies. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03372460

Язык: Английский

---

Novel Approaches for the Treatment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Systematic Review of Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation Interventions and Insights from Clinical Trials

Brain Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(3), С. 210 - 210

Опубликована: Фев. 24, 2024

First-line treatments for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) encompass a wide range of pharmacotherapies and psychotherapies. However, many patients fail to respond such interventions, highlighting the need novel approaches. Due its ability modulate cortical activity, non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) could represent valuable therapeutic tool. Therefore, aim this systematic review is summarize discuss existing evidence on ameliorative effects NIBS PTSD comorbid anxiety depressive symptoms. Our goal also debate effectiveness an integrated approach characterized by combination psychotherapy. This search was conducted following preferred reporting items reviews meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines in PubMed, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, PSYINDEX, MEDLINE, ERIC databases. Overall, 31 studies met eligibility criteria, yielding total 26 clinical trials employing transcranial magnetic (TMS) 5 making use direct-current (tDCS). From these studies, it emerged that consistently reduced overall symptoms' severity as well Moreover, we speculate combining with prolonged exposure or cognitive processing therapy might promising ameliorating subjects' conditions.

Язык: Английский

---

Prefrontal transcranial magnetic stimulation for depression in US military veterans – A naturalistic cohort study in the veterans health administration

Journal of Affective Disorders, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 297, С. 671 - 678

Опубликована: Окт. 21, 2021

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is an evidence-based treatment for pharmacoresistant major depressive disorder (MDD), however, the evidence in veterans has been mixed. To this end, VA implemented a nationwide TMS program that included evaluating clinical outcomes within naturalistic design. was hypothesized to be safe and provide clinically meaningful reductions MDD posttraumatic stress (PTSD) symptoms. Inclusion criteria were diagnosis standard eligibility. Of 770 patients enrolled between October 2017 March 2020, 68.4% (n = 521) met threshold-level PTSD symptom criteria. Treatments generally used parameters (e.g., left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, 120% motor threshold, 10 Hz, 3000 pulses/treatment). Adequate dose operationally defined as 30 sessions. symptoms measured using 9-item patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) checklist DSM-5 (PCL-5), respectively. who received at least one session, associated with (Cohen's d>1.0) statistically significant (all p<.001) PTSD. 340 adequate dose, response remission rates 41.4% 20%, In comorbid PTSD, 65.3% demonstrated reduction 46.1% no longer threshold after TMS. Side effects consistent known safety profile of Include those inherent retrospective observational cohort study Veterans. These multisite, large-scale data supports effectiveness approaches.

Язык: Английский

---

The Problem and Potential of TMS' Infinite Parameter Space: A Targeted Review and Road Map Forward

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13

Опубликована: Май 10, 2022

Background Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a non-invasive, effective, and FDA-approved brain method. However, rTMS parameter selection remains largely unexplored, with great potential for optimization. In this review, we highlight key studies underlying next generation therapies, particularly focusing on: (1) Parameters, (2) Target Engagement, (3) Interactions Endogenous Brain Activity, (4) Heritable Predisposition to Stimulation Treatments. Methods We performed targeted review of pre-clinical clinical studies. Results Current evidence suggests that pattern, intensity, frequency, train duration, intertrain interval, intersession pulse session number, width, shape can alter motor excitability, long term potentiation (LTP)-like facilitation, antidepressant response. Additionally, an emerging theme how endogenous state impacts Researchers have used resting functional resonance imaging (rsfMRI) analyses identify personalized targets. Electroencephalography (EEG) may measure alpha rhythms preferentially respond frequencies, or in closed-loop EEG, be synchronized oscillations even phase optimize Lastly, neuroimaging genotyping identified individual predispositions underlie efficacy. Conclusions envision will delivered using optimized parameters rsfMRI-determined targets at intensities determined by energy the cortex, frequency alpha-rhythms. Further research needed define dose-response curve each on plasticity response group level, determine these interact, ultimately personalize parameters.

Язык: Английский

---

Involvement of the brain–heart axis in the link between PTSD and cardiovascular disease

Depression and Anxiety, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 39(10-11), С. 663 - 674

Опубликована: Июнь 16, 2022

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has long been associated with a heightened risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). A number mechanisms have implicated to underlie this brain-heart axis relationship, such as altered functioning the autonomic nervous system and increased systemic inflammation. While neural alterations repeatedly observed in PTSD, they are rarely considered PTSD-CVD link. The is pathway connecting frontal limbic brain regions brainstem periphery via it may be promising model for understanding CVD PTSD given its overlap deficits. We first provide summary primary association between CVD. then review relevance well findings from trials demonstrating that treatments effects on areas axis. Finally, we discuss sex considerations critical next step study determine if affect (e.g., stimulation improves function) also reduce

Язык: Английский

---

Facilitating Meditation with Focused Ultrasound Neuromodulation: A First Investigation in Experienced Practitioners

Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2024

This study aims to assess the validity of focused ultrasound (FUS) stimulation as a method for facilitating meditative development, which may have application novice or intermediate meditators seeking improve their practice. A growing body work suggests profound benefits health and wellbeing following consistent meditation practice; however, successfully maintaining such practice proves be difficult many who attempt it. By leveraging what is known about neural correlates meditation, we investigate possibility lowering this barrier entry via direct neuromodulation using FUS. Specifically, applied 12 minutes either posterior cingulate cortex, bilateral caudate, insula in experienced (vipassana) while they engaged habitual mindfulness across four separate one-hour sessions. Subjective effects reported during after each session involving are compared sham session, with significant differences considered evidence an effect Physiological also reported. Our preliminary data (n=10) strong, improvement self-reported depth during/after Caudate questionnaires taken further suggest augmented state well general mood induced by condition. Compounding this, reduced heart rate increased variability (compared sham) were observed FUS, again unique condition, these measures found strongly correlate depth, suggesting mechanistic relationship between adaptive changes physiological arousal successful targeting structure.

Язык: Английский

---