Risk factors for suicide in adults: systematic review and meta-analysis of psychological autopsy studies

Evidence-Based Mental Health, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 25(4), С. 148 - 155

Опубликована: Сен. 26, 2022

Question Effective prevention of suicide requires a comprehensive understanding risk factors. Study selection and analysis Five databases were systematically searched to identify psychological autopsy studies (published up February 2022) that reported on factors for mortality among adults in the general population. Effect sizes pooled as odds ratios (ORs) using random-effects models each factor examined at least three independent samples. Findings A total 37 case–control from 23 countries included, providing data 40 5633 cases 7101 controls. The magnitude effect varied substantially both between within domains. Clinical had strongest associations with suicide, including any mental disorder (OR=13.1, 95% CI 9.9 17.4) history self-harm (OR=10.1, 6.6 15.6). By comparison, smaller other domains relating sociodemographic status, family history, adverse life events (OR range 2–5). Conclusions wide predisposing precipitating are associated population, but clear differences their relative strength. PROSPERO registration number CRD42021232878.

Язык: Английский

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Temporal Trends in Suicidal Ideation and Attempts Among US Adolescents by Sex and Race/Ethnicity, 1991-2019

JAMA Network Open, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 4(6), С. e2113513 - e2113513

Опубликована: Июнь 14, 2021

Importance

Disparities by sex and racial/ethnic group in suicide death rates are present US adolescents. Whether disparities extend to groups targeted for prevention efforts, namely, those with suicidal ideation or nonfatal attempts, is unknown.

Objective

To examine differences temporal trends between attempts adolescents from 1991 through 2019 race/ethnicity subgroups.

Design, Setting, Participants

A cross-sectional analysis of the national Youth Risk Behavior Survey, weighted represent 2019, included 183 563 high-school students grades 9 12. Data were analyzed September 16, 2020, April 12, 2021.

Exposures

Calendar year, sex, race/ethnicity, interactions race/ethnicity.

Main Outcomes Measures

Survey-weighted prevalence estimates, annual percentage changes (APCs) average APC survey-weighted constructed self-reported ideation, plan, each survey (non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, Hispanic, Asian Pacific Islander Native Hawaiian, American Indian/Alaska Native), their (sex × race/ethnicity).

Results

In (unweighted) (mean [SD] age, 16.07 [1.23] years; 94 282 females [weighted percentage, 49.4%; 95% CI, 48.8%-50.1%]), decreased (from 19.4% 15.8%; 0.7%-0.9%), whereas increased 7.3% 8.9%; 1.0%-1.4%). Joinpoint regression indicated a −3.1% (95% −3.7% −2.6%) decrease 2009, followed 3.4% increase 1.9% -4.8%) 2009 2019. Decreasing increasing showed modestly different turning points female (1991-2009, 2009-2019), White Hispanic (1991-2007, 2007-2019), Black (1991-2005, 2005-2019) Although no significant observed male (68.4% increase; 0.2% -1.2%) (79.7% 0.1%-1.5%) had greater increases attempts. Interaction revealed (APC, 4.3%; 1.5%-7.1%), 2005 3.4%; 1.4%-5.4%), 3.3%; 1.0%-5.6%) 3.1%; 0.3%-6.0%).

Conclusions Relevance

The findings this study show apparent Increases since individuals; represented largest Evidence-based programs need be tailored calling diversification health care system, school, community approaches.

Язык: Английский

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GWAS Meta-Analysis of Suicide Attempt: Identification of 12 Genome-Wide Significant Loci and Implication of Genetic Risks for Specific Health Factors

American Journal of Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 180(10), С. 723 - 738

Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2023

Suicidal behavior is heritable and a major cause of death worldwide. Two large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWASs) recently discovered cross-validated significant (GWS) loci for suicide attempt (SA). The present study leveraged the genetic cohorts from both to conduct largest GWAS meta-analysis SA date. Multi-ancestry admixture-specific meta-analyses were conducted within groups African, East Asian, European ancestry admixtures.

Язык: Английский

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Suicide Risk and Addiction: The Impact of Alcohol and Opioid Use Disorders

Current Addiction Reports, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 8(2), С. 194 - 207

Опубликована: Март 14, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Suicide reduction in Canada during the COVID-19 pandemic: lessons informing national prevention strategies for suicide reduction

Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 114(10), С. 473 - 479

Опубликована: Сен. 22, 2021

Objective The objective of this research was to evaluate the impact federal, public health and social support programs on national suicide rates in Canada. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Canadian National Database (i.e., Statistics Canada) Statista. Participants Population-level data, economic consumer market data. Main Outcome Measures Suicide mortality population data unemployment were obtained from available statistical databases (e.g. Canada). We quantified rate by dividing total number deaths expressed as a per 100,000 population. Results Overall decreased Canada 10.82 March 2019 - February 2020 period 7.34 (i.e. absolute difference 1300 deaths) 2021 period. overall changed an average monthly 5.7% 9.5% 2020. Conclusion Our results indicate that for first post-pandemic interval evaluated 2021), against background extraordinary measures intended mitigate community spread COVID-19. An externality significant rise distress. suggest government interventions broadly aim reduce insecurity economic, housing, health), timely psychiatric services, should be prioritised part reduction strategy, not only during but after termination COVID-19 pandemic.

Язык: Английский

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Immune-related biomarkers and suicidal behaviors: A meta-analysis

European Neuropsychopharmacology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 75, С. 15 - 30

Опубликована: Июнь 24, 2023

Biomarkers that can differentiate between psychiatric disorders with and without suicidal behavior history from each other healthy volunteers may explain part of the pathogenesis behavior. We conducted hitherto largest meta-analysis comparing immune biomarkers subjects suicide attempt or death by suicide. The study protocol was registered PROSPERO, CRD42020212841. Standardized mean differences (SMD) were pooled random-effects models. Heterogeneity studies assessed I

Язык: Английский

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Identifying behaviour-related and physiological risk factors for suicide attempts in the UK Biobank

Nature Human Behaviour, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 8(9), С. 1784 - 1797

Опубликована: Июль 2, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Siblings of Individuals With Neurodevelopmental Conditions: Perspectives on Risk, Resiliency and Future Research Directions

Child & Family Social Work, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2025

ABSTRACT Siblings of individuals with neurodevelopmental conditions (NDCs) are at increased genetic and environmental risk for poorer psychosocial neurocognitive outcomes compared to control groups siblings without NDCs. This narrative review presents findings date on NDC sibling wellbeing, focusing the objective cognitive functioning persons a range The transdiagnostic individual‐level resilience factors impacting siblings, their associations mental health, can be modelled interpreted holistically within novel neurobiopsychosocial framework wellbeing. Enriched by community consultation, Sibling Project was first exploration self‐reported influencing health cross‐sectionally over time, adopting dynamic bioecological approach identify salient targets intervention pathways future research.

Язык: Английский

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On the Genetic and Environmental Relationship Between Suicide Attempt and Death by Suicide

American Journal of Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 178(11), С. 1060 - 1069

Опубликована: Июль 14, 2021

The authors examined the extent to which genetic and environmental etiology of suicide attempt death is shared or unique.The used Swedish national registry data for a large cohort twins, full siblings, half siblings (N=1,314,990) born between 1960 1990 followed through 2015. They conducted twin-family modeling estimate heritability each outcome, along with correlations them. further assessed relationship by young people compared adults.In bivariate models, were moderately heritable among both women (attempt: additive variance component [A]=0.52, 95% CI=0.44, 0.56; death: A=0.45, CI=0.39, 0.59) men A=0.41, CI=0.38, 0.49; A=0.44, CI=0.43, 0.44). outcomes substantially, but incompletely, genetically correlated (women: rA=0.67, CI=0.55, 0.67; men: rA=0.74, CI=0.63, 0.87). Environmental weaker rE=0.36, CI=0.29, 0.45; rE=0.21, CI=0.19, 0.27). Heritability was stronger ages 10-24 (A=0.55-0.62) than those age 25 older (A=0.36-0.38), correlation during youth adulthood (rA=0.79, CI=0.72, 0.79) (rA=0.39, CI=0.26, 0.47).The etiologies are partially overlapping, exhibit modest sex differences, shift across life course. These differences must be considered when developing prevention efforts risk prediction algorithms. Where feasible, should separately rather collapsed, including in context gene identification efforts.

Язык: Английский

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Job-Related Problems Prior to Nurse Suicide, 2003-2017: A Mixed Methods Analysis Using Natural Language Processing and Thematic Analysis

Journal of Nursing Regulation, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12(1), С. 28 - 39

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2021

Язык: Английский

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