Desistance from criminalisation: police culture and new directions in drugs policing

Policing & Society, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 32(4), С. 522 - 539

Опубликована: Май 16, 2021

Globally, there is emerging evidence that drugs policing moving away from traditional enforcement interventions towards a greater focus on harm reduction. Signs of shift include alternatives to criminalisation in the form police-led diversion schemes. This article examines extent which new directions reflect changes police culture. The key change under consideration desistance criminalising people who use drugs. Another aim advance theoretical debates into factors affecting cultural organisations. Drawing an extensive qualitative study challenges, innovation and reform across England Wales, findings capture transformative effect certain experiences values officers hold how they understand make sense drug problems, their role impact. It argued further insights can be gained by drawing concept turning points life-course criminology research. also reveal field have fostered facilitated culture practice. A policy implication this could furthered through experiential learning critical reflective practice approaches education.

Язык: Английский

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A national survey of law enforcement post-overdose response efforts

The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 49(2), С. 199 - 205

Опубликована: Фев. 23, 2023

Background: Law enforcement agencies in the US have provided naloxone to officers and developed initiatives follow-up after a non-fatal overdose. However, prevalence characteristics of these efforts yet be documented research literature.Objectives: We sought understand national provision among law examine implementation post-overdose follow-up.Methods: administered survey on drug overdose response using multimodal approach (online mail) nationally representative sample (N = 2,009; 50.1% rate) drawn from National Directory Enforcement Administrators database. further subsample 1,514) that equipped with who were also asked about follow-up.Results: found 81.7% reported naloxone; these, approximately one-third (30.3%) an More than half (56.8%) indicated partnership emergency medical services as most common partner (68.8%). There 21.4% Quick Response Team, popular model, more likely indicate substance use disorder treatment provider when generally partners (74.5% 26.2% respectively).Conclusion: Many across naloxone, those are conducting events. Post-overdose models practices vary ways can influence engagement minimize harms against persons drugs.

Язык: Английский

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“I think we're getting better but we're still not there”: Provider-based stigma and perceived barriers to care for people who use opioids (PWUO)

Journal of Substance Use and Addiction Treatment, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 159, С. 209270 - 209270

Опубликована: Дек. 14, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Exploring first responders' perceptions of medication for addiction treatment: Does stigma influence attitudes?

Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 131, С. 108485 - 108485

Опубликована: Май 21, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Beliefs and misperceptions about naloxone and overdose among U.S. laypersons: a cross-sectional study

BMC Public Health, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 22(1)

Опубликована: Май 10, 2022

Abstract Background Overdose education and naloxone distribution (OEND) to laypersons are key approaches reduce the incidence of opioid-involved overdoses. While some research has examined attitudes toward OEND, especially among pharmacists first responders, our understanding what believe about overdose is surprisingly limited. Further, scholars have expressed concerns prevalence non-evidence-based beliefs naloxone. We designed this study analyze prevalence, nature, context U.S. laypersons. Methods conducted a cross-sectional ( n = 702) using Prolific.co (representative population by age, gender, race). Primary outcomes were believability six statements overdose/naloxone on seven-point Likert-type scale. Five unsupported, one was supported, current scientific evidence. used latent profile analysis classify participants into belief groups, then regression correlates classification. Results Believability (7: extremely believable) ranged from m 5.57 (SD 1.38) for scientifically supported idea (trained bystanders can reverse with naloxone), 3.33 1.83) statement claiming opioid users get high Participants classified three profiles: Profile 1 (most aligned evidence; 246), 2 (moderately aligned; 351), 3 (least aligned, 105). Compared 1, several covariates associated categorization Profiles 3, including lower trust in science (RRR 0.36, 95%CI 0.24–0.54; RRR 0.21, 0.12–0.36, respectively), conservative political orientation 1.41, 1.23–1.63; 3:RRR 1.62, 1.35–1.95, never being trained (Profile 3: 3.37, 1.16–9.77). Conclusions Preliminary evidence suggests simultaneously that bystander prevention prevent or more unsupported claims naloxone/overdose. Categorization clusters displaying such patterns low science, orientation, not having been Preregistration This preregistered prior any data collection Open Science Framework: https://osf.io/c6ufv

Язык: Английский

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Expanded access to intranasal naloxone and training among police officers in Western Australia: A pilot evaluation study

Drug and Alcohol Review, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 26, 2025

Abstract Introduction Naloxone has been recognised as a vital medicine in reducing opioid‐related deaths by reversing the effects of opioid overdose. This study evaluates effectiveness police naloxone administration pilot program Western Australia which officers were trained overdose management and administering intranasal naloxone. Based on similar programs other countries, this was first its kind Australia. Methods evaluation spanned July 2021–2022, involving pre‐ post‐training surveys an online follow‐up survey. A total 229 completed surveys, while 117 Data collected included questions about management, administration, training quality, access availability. Results There significant improvement officers' knowledge readiness to manage situations, particularly recognising signs symptoms overdose, factors increasing risk appropriate actions take such situations after training. Among who survey, 23 reported witnessing 16 having administered since their The positive impact further evident increased willingness administer when encountering Discussion conclusions findings demonstrate acceptability force emphasises life‐saving potential equipping with serves example for departments Australian jurisdictions roll out customised context beyond.

Язык: Английский

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“There’s no real urgency when it comes to us”: Critical Discourse Analysis of Black Communities’ Lived Experience with Opioid Overdose Response in Indianapolis Area

Social Science & Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 118039 - 118039

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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The Opioid Crisis, Policy Deservingness, and Humanization: A Nationwide Survey of First Responders' Viewpoints on Clients of Color

Risk Hazards & Crisis in Public Policy, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16(1)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

ABSTRACT The opioid crisis affects both people who use drugs and the first responders entrusted with responding to overdose calls. Despite severity of crisis, there is limited research on how racial biases influence responder perceptions clients opioids moderating factors present. Employing social construction target populations theory, we utilize a survey experiment police emergency medical services (EMS) providers in United States understand association between race disorder client deservingness, considering humanization as moderator. Findings show have less favorable regarding deservingness Black race‐neutral compared White clients. However, humanness positive predictor across all models. Results from our full sample EMS‐provider models demonstrate that moderates client's reversing negative beliefs about study contributes literature dehumanization so‐named “deviant” during crises. societal shifts empathy for opioids, still response. We provide policy recommendations improve conditions their

Язык: Английский

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Harm Reduction Perspectives of the Opioid Epidemic from Kansans, for Kansas: A Thematic Analysis

Journal of Prevention & Intervention in the Community, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 32

Опубликована: Апрель 7, 2025

Substantial increases in drug overdose deaths, the prevailing lack of access to care for substance use disorder, and adverse effects stigma criminalization underlie need comprehensive evidence-based strategies that improve health, safety, well-being people who drugs. Harm reduction has emerged as a promising approach mitigation substance-related harms. However, many harm remain illegal especially Kansas. Eleven stakeholders, including law enforcement/criminal justice officials, state legislators, health professionals were interviewed explore their perspectives on gather recommendations Using reflexive thematic analysis, we developed three themes first research question (stigma, alternatives criminalization, authentic conversations relationships) six second (roadmap more reduction, barriers facilitators connection behavioral reform, social determinants protection public safety).

Язык: Английский

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‘We are the first responders’: overdose response experiences and perspectives among peers in British Columbia

Drugs Education Prevention and Policy, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 31(1), С. 91 - 104

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2022

Aims Peers, i.e. people with lived/living experience of substance use, are at the forefront harm reduction initiatives in British Columbia, yet they often lack recognition for their contributions. This study aims to understand role peers overdose response settings and experiences interacting emergency service providers (ESPs) within context Good Samaritan Drug Overdose Act (GSDOA).Methods Telephone interviews were conducted 42 aged 16 years older, who likely witness respond overdoses. Participants asked about witnessing or responding overdoses, interactions ESPs. Interview transcripts analyzed thematically.Findings Peers first overdoses due positioning saw themselves as having unique expertise connecting other use substances. However, perceived several barriers that impacted ability respond, including stigmatizing attitudes toward ESPs, recognition, adequate resources.Conclusions While policies, such GSDOA place promote calling 9-1-1, feel confident competent consider 9-1-1 a waste resources. There is need better recognize support responders contexts.

Язык: Английский

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