Nutrients,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
17(3), С. 558 - 558
Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2025
Alzheimer’s
disease
(AD)
is
the
most
common
form
of
dementia
and
characterized
by
memory
impairment
that
significantly
interferes
with
daily
life.
Therapeutic
options
for
AD
substantively
modify
progression
remain
a
critical
unmet
need.
In
this
regard,
gut
microbiota
crucial
in
maintaining
human
health
regulating
metabolism
immune
responses,
increasing
evidence
suggests
probiotics,
particularly
beneficial
bacteria,
can
enhance
cognitive
functions.
Recent
studies
have
highlighted
positive
effects
Bifidobacterium
breve
MCC1274
(B.
MCC1274)
on
individuals
mild
(MCI)
schizophrenia.
Additionally,
oral
supplementation
B.
has
been
shown
to
effectively
prevent
decline
AppNL–G–F
mice.
relation
pathology,
found
reduce
amyloid-β
(Aβ)
accumulation
tau
phosphorylation
both
wild-type
(WT)
It
also
decreases
microglial
activation
increases
levels
synaptic
proteins.
review,
we
examine
AD,
exploring
potential
mechanisms
action
how
probiotic
strain
may
aid
preventing
or
treating
disease.
Furthermore,
discuss
broader
implications
improving
overall
host
provide
insights
into
future
research
directions
promising
therapy.
Abstract
The
PI3
K/AKT/mTOR
signalling
pathway
plays
an
important
role
in
the
regulation
of
signal
transduction
and
biological
processes
such
as
cell
proliferation,
apoptosis,
metabolism
angiogenesis.
Compared
with
those
other
pathways,
components
PI3K/AKT/mTOR
are
complicated.
regulatory
mechanisms
functions
many
human
diseases,
including
ischaemic
brain
injury,
neurodegenerative
tumours.
inhibitors
include
single-component
dual
inhibitors.
Numerous
PI3K
have
exhibited
good
results
preclinical
studies,
some
been
clinically
tested
haematologic
malignancies
solid
In
this
review,
we
briefly
summarize
research
on
discuss
structural
composition,
activation,
communication
processes,
pathogenesis
diseases
Frontiers in Pharmacology,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
12
Опубликована: Апрель 15, 2021
Alzheimer’s
disease
(AD)
and
Parkinson’s
(PD)
are
two
typical
neurodegenerative
diseases
that
increased
with
aging.
With
the
emergence
of
aging
population,
health
problem
economic
burden
caused
by
also
increase.
Phosphatidylinositol
3-kinases/protein
kinase
B
(PI3K/AKT)
signaling
pathway
regulates
signal
transduction
biological
processes
such
as
cell
proliferation,
apoptosis
metabolism.
According
to
reports,
it
neurotoxicity
mediates
survival
neurons
through
different
substrates
forkhead
box
protein
Os
(FoxOs),
glycogen
synthase
kinase-3β
(GSK-3β),
caspase-9.
Accumulating
evidences
indicate
some
natural
products
can
play
a
neuroprotective
role
activating
PI3K/AKT
pathway,
providing
an
effective
resource
for
discovery
potential
therapeutic
drugs.
This
article
reviews
relationship
between
AKT
AD
PD,
discusses
based
on
treat
in
recent
years,
hoping
provide
guidance
reference
this
field.
Further
development
Chinese
herbal
medicine
is
needed
these
diseases.
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD)
is
the
most
common
form
of
dementia,
characterized
by
progressive
cognitive
impairment
and
neurodegeneration.
However,
despite
extensive
clinical
genomic
studies,
molecular
basis
AD
development
progression
remains
elusive.
To
elucidate
systems
associated
with
AD,
we
developed
a
large
scale
gene
expression
dataset
from
1053
postmortem
brain
samples
across
19
cortical
regions
125
individuals
severity
spectrum
dementia
neuropathology
AD.
We
excluded
specimens
that
evidenced
other
than
characteristic
For
first
time,
performed
pan-cortical
region
analysis,
characterizing
changes
measure
multiple
measures
neuropathological
lesions
(neuritic
plaques
neurofibrillary
tangles)
constructing
region-specific
co-expression
networks.
rank-ordered
44,692
probesets,
1558
co-expressed
modules
based
upon
their
association
traits.
The
neurobiological
pathways
identified
through
these
analyses
included
actin
cytoskeleton,
axon
guidance,
nervous
system
development.
Using
public
human
single-cell
RNA-sequencing
data,
computed
cell
type-specific
marker
genes
for
determined
many
abnormally
expressed
signatures
network
were
specific
to
oligodendrocytes,
astrocytes,
neurons.
Analysis
on
suggested
that:
changes,
including
those
occurred
early
in
disease,
making
them
potential
translational/treatment
targets
unlikely
be
mere
bystander
result
degeneration;
several
closely
linked
compromise
lesser
traditional
neuropathology.
regional
temporal
lobe
gyri
as
sites
greatest
earliest
abnormalities.
This
transcriptomic
analysis
provides
comprehensive
assessment
critical
pathology
offers
new
insights
into
mechanisms
underlying
selective
vulnerability
at
different
stages
canonical
Genes,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
14(2), С. 272 - 272
Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2023
The
mechanical
properties
of
cells
are
important
in
tissue
homeostasis
and
enable
cell
growth,
division,
migration
the
epithelial-mesenchymal
transition.
Mechanical
determined
to
a
large
extent
by
cytoskeleton.
cytoskeleton
is
complex
dynamic
network
composed
microfilaments,
intermediate
filaments
microtubules.
These
cellular
structures
confer
both
shape
properties.
architecture
networks
formed
regulated
several
pathways,
key
one
being
Rho-kinase/ROCK
signaling
pathway.
This
review
describes
role
ROCK
(Rho-associated
coiled-coil
forming
kinase)
how
it
mediates
effects
on
components
that
critical
for
behaviour.
Pharmacological Research,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
206, С. 107300 - 107300
Опубликована: Июль 9, 2024
Depression
is
a
serious
global
mental
disorder.
Numerous
studies
have
found
that
depression
may
be
closely
related
to
decreased
neurogenesis,
neuroinflammation,
neurotransmitter
imbalance,
and
synaptic
plasticity
dysfunction.
The
pathogenesis
of
complex
involves
multiple
signal
transduction
pathways
molecular
changes.
PI3K/AKT
pathway
an
essential
signaling
in
neurons,
which
widely
expressed
emotion-related
regions
the
brain.
Therefore,
play
moderating
role
mood
disorders.
However,
mechanism
not
been
fully
described.
This
review
systematically
summarized
discussed
its
potential
treatment
depression.
will
help
development
antidepressants.
