Environmental Science & Technology,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
53(10), С. 5838 - 5847
Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2019
Environmental
fate
assessment
of
chemicals
involves
standardized
simulation
tests
with
isotope-labeled
molecules
to
balance
transformation,
mineralization,
and
formation
nonextractable
residues
(NER).
Methods
predict
microbial
turnover
biogenic
NER
have
been
developed,
having
limited
use
when
metabolites
accumulate,
the
are
not
only
C
source,
or
provide
for
other
macroelements.
To
improve
predictive
capability,
we
extended
a
recently
developed
method
growth
yield
estimation
account
incomplete
degradation
multiple-element
assimilation
combined
it
dynamic
model
description
in
soils
sediments.
We
evaluated
results
against
unique
experimental
data
13C3-15N
co-labeled
glyphosate
AMPA
water-sediment
systems
(OECD
308).
Balancing
13C-
15N-
fluxes
biomass
showed
pronounced
shift
transformation
from
full
mineralization
formation.
This
may
be
explained
by
various
hypotheses,
example,
substrate
inherent
batch
conditions
test
system
causing
starvation
inhibition
P
release.
Modeling
indicate
initial
N
overload
due
lower
C/N
ratio
compared
average
cell
composition
leading
subsequent
demand
accumulation
AMPA.
Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
13(1)
Опубликована: Сен. 28, 2022
Using
biodegradable
instead
of
conventional
plastics
in
agricultural
applications
promises
to
help
overcome
plastic
pollution
soils.
However,
analytical
limitations
impede
our
understanding
biodegradation
Utilizing
stable
carbon
isotope
(13C-)labelled
poly(butylene
succinate)
(PBS),
a
synthetic
polyester,
we
herein
present
an
approach
continuously
quantify
PBS
mineralization
13CO2
during
soil
incubations
and,
thereafter,
determine
non-mineralized
PBS-derived
13C
remaining
the
soil.
We
demonstrate
extensive
(65
%
added
13C)
and
closed
mass
balance
on
PBS-13C
over
425
days
incubation.
Extraction
residual
from
soils
combined
with
kinetic
modeling
data
results
monomer
(i.e.,
butanediol
experiments
suggest
that
hydrolytic
breakdown
controlled
overall
rate.
Beyond
soil,
presented
methodology
is
broadly
applicable
investigate
other
polymers
various
receiving
environments.
Environmental Pollution,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
331, С. 121892 - 121892
Опубликована: Май 27, 2023
The
application
of
synthetic
pesticides
to
agricultural
fields
for
the
protection
crops
leads
formation
residues
in
soils.
While
short-term
behavior
pesticide
soils
after
an
is
generally
known
from
laboratory
and
field
studies
required
authorization
(prospective
risk
assessments),
there
still
a
lack
in-situ
observations
that
address
their
long-term
fate.
Long-term
soil
monitoring
programs,
with
comprehensive
site-specific
records
data,
constitute
invaluable,
complementary,
retrospective
exposure
assessment
tool
this
gap.
Considering
applications
over
past
10-15
years,
study
assessed
occurrence
Switzerland
put
presence
or
absence,
as
well
concentrations,
context
previous
application.
results
showed
could
also
be
detected
at
sites
without
connection
small
residual
mass
fractions
pesticides,
even
some
non-persistent
compounds,
were
found
soils,
years
decades
last
This
finding
points
environmental
issue
may
not
adequately
captured
prospective
calls
attention
need
recording
complementary
assessment.
Chemosphere,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
357, С. 141915 - 141915
Опубликована: Апрель 4, 2024
Standard
OECD
tests
are
used
to
generate
data
on
biodegradation
(OECD
307)
and
sorption
106)
of
test
chemicals
in
soil.
In
such
tests,
abiotic
degradation
using
sterile
samples
utilised
investigate
any
losses
due
processes.
The
from
also
interpret
results
findings
non-sterile
samples,
especially
the
context
non-extractable
residue
(NER)
formation.
However,
ensure
comparability
obtained
experiments,
effects
sterilisation
soil
matrix
should
be
minimal.
objective
this
study
was
efficiencies
different
techniques
impact
NER
formation
study,
experiments
accordance
with
307
106
guidelines
were
performed
two
soils
covering
wide
range
characteristics
treated
three
autoclaving,
gamma(γ)-radiation
adding
1%
(w/w)
sodium
azide.
As
a
item,
