The human gut microbiome and aging

Gut Microbes, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(1)

Опубликована: Июнь 3, 2024

The composition of the human gut microbiome has been observed to change over course an individual's life. From birth, it is shaped by mode delivery, diet, environmental exposures, geographic location, exposures medications, and aging itself. Here, we present a narrative review across lifespan with focus on its impacts age-related diseases in humans. We will describe how shaped, features that have associated at different phases life this can adversely affect healthy aging. Across lifespan, especially old age, diverse includes organisms suspected produce anti-inflammatory metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids, reported be These findings remarkably consistent regions world suggesting they could universal all cultures genetic backgrounds. Exactly these biologic processes thus promoting crucial targeting for interventions support health longevity.

Язык: Английский

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Exerkines and cardiometabolic benefits of exercise: from bench to clinic

EMBO Molecular Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(3), С. 432 - 444

Опубликована: Фев. 6, 2024

Abstract Regular exercise has both immediate and long-lasting benefits on cardiometabolic health, been recommended as a cornerstone of treatment in the management diabetes cardiovascular conditions. Exerkines, which are defined humoral factors responsive to acute or chronic exercise, have emerged important players conferring some multiple exercise. Over past decades, hundreds exerkines released from skeletal muscle, heart, liver, adipose tissue, brain, gut identified, several (such FGF21, IL-6, adiponectin) exploited therapeutically mimetics for various metabolic diseases. Recent advances metagenomics led identification microbiota, so-called “hidden” organ, an additional class determining efficacy prevention, cardiac protection, performance. Furthermore, multiomics-based studies shown feasibility using baseline exerkine signatures predict individual responses with respect cardiorespiratory health. This review aims explore molecular pathways whereby networks mediate adaptations by fine-tuning inter-organ crosstalk, discuss roadmaps translating exerkine-based discovery into therapeutic application personalized medicine disease.

Язык: Английский

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Effects of Exercise on Gut Microbiota of Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(7), С. 1070 - 1070

Опубликована: Апрель 5, 2024

Background: The equilibrium between gut microbiota (GM) and the host plays a pivotal role in maintaining overall health, influencing various physiological metabolic functions. Emerging research suggests that exercise modulates abundance functionality of bacteria, yet comprehensive effects on GM diversity remain to be synthesized. Objectives Design: study aims quantitatively examine effect adults using systemic review meta-analysis approach. Methods: PubMed, Ebsco, Embase, Web Science, Cochrane Central Register Controlled Trials, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data were searched from their inception September 2023. Exercise intervention studies with control group describe compare composition adults, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, included this meta-analysis. Results: A total 25 1044 participants. Based fixed-effects model [Chi2 = 29.40, df 20 (p 0.08); I2 32%], pooled analysis showed compared group, can significantly increase alpha adult GM, Shannon index as an example [WMD 0.05, 95% CI (0.00, 0.09); Z 1.99 0.05)]. In addition, interventions found alter notably decreasing Bacteroidetes increasing Firmicutes, indicating shift Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio. subgroup indicates females older appear exhibit more significant changes Index observed OTUs. Conclusions: may promising way improve adults. particular, was increased after exercise. Distinct responses based gender age implicated needed.

Язык: Английский

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Examining the Interaction between Exercise, Gut Microbiota, and Neurodegeneration: Future Research Directions

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(8), С. 2267 - 2267

Опубликована: Авг. 14, 2023

Physical activity has been demonstrated to have a significant impact on gut microbial diversity and function. Emerging research revealed certain aspects of the complex interactions between gut, exercise, microbiota, neurodegenerative diseases, suggesting that changes in metabolic function may an onset progression neurological conditions. This study aimed review current literature from several databases until 1 June 2023 (PubMed/MEDLINE, Web Science, Google Scholar) interplay physical neurodegeneration. We summarized roles exercise microbiota neurodegeneration identified ways which these are all connected. The gut–brain axis is multifaceted network gained considerable attention recent years. Research indicates plays vital shifts during physiological or pathophysiological conditions diseases; therefore, they closely related maintaining overall health well-being. Similarly, shown positive effects brain cognitive function, reduce/delay severe disorders. Exercise associated with various neurochemical changes, including alterations cortisol levels, increased production endorphins, endocannabinoids like anandamide, as well higher levels serotonin dopamine. These linked mood improvements, enhanced sleep quality, better motor control, enhancements resulting exercise-induced effects. However, further clinical necessary evaluate bacteria taxa along age- sex-based differences.

Язык: Английский

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Fecal Microbiota and Associated Metabolites Are Minimally Affected by Ten Weeks of Resistance Training in Younger and Older Adults

Sports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(4), С. 98 - 98

Опубликована: Март 26, 2025

Preclinical evidence suggests that short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced by gut microbiota may impact body composition and muscle growth. While aging is implicated in negative alterations to the microbiome, exercise mitigate these changes. Limited human indicates resistance training (RT) does not appreciably alter microbiome older adults, no study has examined whether differentially alters associated SCFAs between younger individuals. Therefore, we 10 weeks of RT altered fecal composition, circulating SCFAs, serum markers with gastrointestinal integrity two cohorts adults. Fecal samples were obtained from untrained (22 ± 2 years, n = 12) (58 8 participants prior following supervised twice-weekly full-body RT. Outcome measures immediately before (PRE) after intervention (POST) included dual X-ray absorptiometry for ultrasound vastus lateralis (VL) thickness, 16S rRNA gene sequencing data, measured gas chromatography, intestinal acid-binding protein (FABP2), lipopolysaccharide-binding (LBP), leucine-rich alpha-2 glycoprotein (LRG-1) quantified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Main effects interactions repeated analysis variance (group × time; G T) all dependent variables, Spearman correlations used explore relationships among changes relevant outcomes. The significantly increased VL thickness lean mass (p < 0.05) equally both groups. Although group differences beta diversity identified, age, time, or their interaction observed alpha measures. Seven detected samples, albeit significant evident. In serum, acetic acid was only SCFA detected, effects. Serum LRG1 decreased 0.007) higher levels adults 0.015), but T this marker, FABP2, LBP. No RT-induced mass-related outcomes diversity, total individual FABP2/LBP/LRG-1. These results highlight largely affect microbiota, select

Язык: Английский

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Revitalizing the Gut Microbiome in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Comprehensive Exploration of the Therapeutic Potential of Physical Activity

Toxins, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(6), С. 242 - 242

Опубликована: Май 26, 2024

Both physical inactivity and disruptions in the gut microbiome appear to be prevalent patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Engaging activity could present a novel nonpharmacological strategy for enhancing mitigating adverse effects associated microbial dysbiosis individuals CKD. This narrative review explores underlying mechanisms through which may favorably modulate health, either direct impact on or interorgan crosstalk. Also, development of its interplay CKD are discussed. Mechanisms interventions restore homeostasis explored.

Язык: Английский

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Features of the intestinal microbiome in athletes engaged in martial arts

Sports medicine research and practice, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(1), С. 14 - 24

Опубликована: Июль 3, 2024

The purpose of the study : characteristics intestinal microbiome in young men who are professionally engaged sports. Materials and methods involved 36 aged 18 to 26 years. Fecal samples were taken from participants then bacterial DNA was isolated obtained samples. Results comparing microbe athletes with control group, it is possible trace positive effect sports on overall diversity representatives microbiota. When analyzing taxonomic composition, worth separately noting increase lactate-producing bacteria increased content Akkermansia muciniphila athletes. Conclusions results indicate effects training human gut microbiota suggest presence a close two-way relationship “microbiome — muscle tissue”.

Язык: Английский

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Divergent Gut Microbiota: Archaeal and Bacterial Signatures Unveil Unique Patterns in Colombian Cyclists Compared to Weightlifters and Non‐Athletes

Advanced Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 8(6)

Опубликована: Март 28, 2024

Abstract Engagement in physical activity, across various sports, promotes a diverse microbiota active individuals. This study examines the gut of Colombian athletes, specifically weightlifters ( n = 16) and road cyclists 13), compared to non‐athletes 15). Using Kruskal–Wallis tests, activity level group non‐athletic individuals sports experience professional athletes is analyzed. The median age participants 24 years, comprising 25 men 19 women. collected using fecal samples. Participants provided these samples during their pre‐competitive stage, concentration phase occurring two weeks prior national competitions. timing chosen capture microbial composition period heightened preparation. Questionnaire responses assessments identify disparities among groups. Microbial analysis explores core microbiome, abundance, taxonomy Pavian, MicrobiomeAnalyst 2.0, GraPhlAn. ANCOM‐BC2 reveals differentially abundant species. Road exhibit decreased Bacteria increased Archaea abundance. Phylum‐level variations included Planctomycetes, Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria, while Bacteroidetes prevailed. Key families influencing are Bacteroidaceae, Muribaculaceae, Selenomonadaceae. Weightlifters unique viral archaeal community connections, showed specialized interplay influenced by endurance exercise. Correlation network emphasizes distinctive interactions within athlete groups, shedding light on impact activities health.

Язык: Английский

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Influential factors on disease activity in Crohn’s disease and their Roc curve evaluation: a cross-sectional study

BMC Gastroenterology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 24(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 3, 2024

This study aims to investigate the factors influencing disease activity in patients with Crohn's (CD) and provide insights references for management prevention of CD.

Язык: Английский

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Oral-Gut Microbiome and Bone Health: Exploring Interplay

Current Trends in Biomedical Engineering & Biosciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 22(3)

Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2024

This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the intricate interplay among gut microbiome (GM), bone health, interleukins, chronic periodontitis, and COVID-19 within concise 300-word limit. It begins by exploring symbiotic relationship between GM delineating their composition, functions, influencing factors. The discussion seamlessly transitions to interaction metabolism, emphasizing nutrient absorption, microbial metabolites, specific bacteria, immune modulation. Experimental evidence highlights significant impact on elucidating roles metabolites bacterial strains. further investigates complex nexus COVID-19, underscoring genetic variations responses shaping susceptibility severity in viral infections. Chronic periodontitis emerges as crucial focal point for understanding systemic dysbiosis, with factors, therapeutic approaches offering insights into risk assessment potential interventions.

Язык: Английский

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