Psychological inoculation improves resilience against misinformation on social media

Science Advances, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 8(34)

Опубликована: Авг. 24, 2022

Online misinformation continues to have adverse consequences for society. Inoculation theory has been put forward as a way reduce susceptibility by informing people about how they might be misinformed, but its scalability elusive both at theoretical level and practical level. We developed five short videos that inoculate against manipulation techniques commonly used in misinformation: emotionally manipulative language, incoherence, false dichotomies, scapegoating, ad hominem attacks. In seven preregistered studies, i.e., six randomized controlled studies (

Язык: Английский

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COVID-19 pandemic and weight gain in American adults: A nationwide population-based study

Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome Clinical Research & Reviews, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 16(1), С. 102392 - 102392

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2022

Язык: Английский

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SARS-CoV-2 mediated neuroinflammation and the impact of COVID-19 in neurological disorders

Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 58, С. 1 - 15

Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2021

Язык: Английский

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COVID‐19 infection and the broader impacts of the pandemic on healthcare workers

Respirology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 27(6), С. 411 - 426

Опубликована: Янв. 19, 2022

Abstract The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS‐CoV‐2) disease or COVID‐19 pandemic is associated with more than 230 million cases and has challenged healthcare systems globally. Many workers (HCWs) have acquired the infection, often through their workplace, a significant number dying. epidemiology of infection in HCWs continues to be explored, manifold exposure risks identified, leading being recognised as an occupational for HCWs. physical illness due similar general population, some experiencing long‐term illness, which may impact ability return work. also been affected by immense workplace psychosocial disruption caused pandemic. impacts on psychological well‐being globally profound, high prevalence estimates mental health symptoms, including emotional exhaustion. Globally, governments, organisations employers key responsibilities, including: better prepared crises comprehensive disaster response management plans, protect preserve workforce from While prioritising vaccine rollouts critical, managing exposures outbreaks occurring settings remains challenging lead substantial workforce. Safeguarding workforces during critical we move forward new path ‘COVID normal’.

Язык: Английский

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AIR QUALITY AND PUBLIC HEALTH: A REVIEW OF URBAN POLLUTION SOURCES AND MITIGATION MEASURES

Engineering Science & Technology Journal, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 5(2), С. 259 - 271

Опубликована: Фев. 2, 2024

Urbanization has led to unprecedented challenges in maintaining air quality, significantly impacting public health. This review delves into the diverse sources of urban pollution and explores effective mitigation measures safeguard well-being. The rising concentration pollutants areas, primarily attributed industrial activities, vehicular emissions, domestic energy consumption, poses a severe threat respiratory cardiovascular health populations. begins by examining key pollution, highlighting complex interplay between anthropogenic activities their cumulative impact on quality. Industrial characterized release particulate matter, volatile organic compounds, hazardous chemicals, contribute pollution. Likewise, surge traffic, fueled rapid urbanization, introduces such as nitrogen oxides carbon monoxide, further exacerbating problem. To address these challenges, spectrum measures. Implementation stringent emission standards for industries, adoption cleaner technologies, promotion renewable emerge critical strategies. Additionally, planning initiatives focusing efficient transportation systems, pedestrian-friendly infrastructure, green spaces are examined means reduce emissions enhance also underscores importance awareness campaigns community engagement fostering collective commitment quality improvement. Innovative technological solutions, monitoring networks real-time data analytics, discussed indispensable tools informed decision-making prompt intervention. synthesizes current knowledge measures, emphasizing urgent need multidimensional approach protect By comprehensively addressing intricate web contributors implementing proactive environments can be transformed healthier sustainable all residents. Keywords: Air Quality, Public Health, Urban Pollution, Mitigation, Review.

Язык: Английский

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‘Long COVID’: persistent COVID-19 symptoms in survivors managed in Lagos State, Nigeria

BMC Infectious Diseases, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 21(1)

Опубликована: Март 25, 2021

Coronavirus disease once thought to be a respiratory infection is now recognised as multi-system affecting the respiratory, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, neurological, immune, and hematopoietic systems. An emerging body of evidence suggests persistence COVID-19 symptoms varying patterns among some survivors. This study aimed describe persistent in survivors investigate possible risk factors for these symptoms.

Язык: Английский

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Equivalency of Protection From Natural Immunity in COVID-19 Recovered Versus Fully Vaccinated Persons: A Systematic Review and Pooled Analysis

Cureus, Год журнала: 2021, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Окт. 28, 2021

We present a systematic review and pooled analysis of clinical studies to date that (1) specifically compare the protection natural immunity in COVID-recovered versus efficacy complete vaccination COVID-naive, (2) added benefit COVID-recovered, for prevention subsequent SARS-CoV-2 infection. Using PRISMA 2020 guidance, we first conducted available literature on PubMed, MedRxIV FDA briefings identify either comparing COVID or delineating recovered individuals. After assessing eligibility, were qualitatively appraised formally graded using NOS system observational, case-control RCTs. Incidence rates tabulated following groups: never infected (NI) unvaccinated (UV), NI vaccinated (V), previously (PI) UV, PI V. Pooling performed by grouping RCTs observational separately, then all total. Risk ratios differences are reported individual groups, 1) NPI/V vs PI/UV 2) PI/V analysis. In addition, number needed treat (NNT) was naïve cohorts. Nine identified, including three randomized controlled studies, four retrospective cohorts, one prospective cohort, study. The quality appraisals these articles ranged from nine (out stars). All included found at least statistical equivalence between full immunity; and, superiority immunity. Four statistically significant incremental total analysis, incidence trended higher than groups (RR=1.86 [95%CI 0.77-4.51], P=0.17). Vaccination individuals provided modest reinfection (RR=1.82 1.21-2.73], P=0.004), but absolute risk difference extremely small (AR= 0.004 person-years [95% CI 0.001-0.007], P=0.02). NNT prevent annual case infection patients 218, compared 6.5 COVID-naïve patients, representing 33.5-fold two populations. represent distinctly different benefit-risk calculus. While vaccinations highly effective protecting against severe COVID-19 disease, our demonstrates is, least, equivalent afforded There is relative individuals; however, net marginal an basis. Therefore, should be subject equipoise preference.

Язык: Английский

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COVID-19 Diagnosis: A Comprehensive Review of the RT-qPCR Method for Detection of SARS-CoV-2

Diagnostics, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(6), С. 1503 - 1503

Опубликована: Июнь 20, 2022

The world is grappling with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, causative agent of which severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 symptoms are similar to common cold, including fever, sore throat, cough, muscle and chest pain, brain fog, dyspnoea, anosmia, ageusia, headache. manifestation can vary from being asymptomatic life-threatening conditions warranting hospitalization ventilation support. Furthermore, emergence mutecated variants concern (VOCs) paramount devastating effect pandemic. This highly contagious virus its emergent challenge available advanced viral diagnostic methods for high-accuracy testing faster result yields. review shed light on natural history, pathology, molecular biology, efficient COVID-19, detecting SARS-CoV-2 in collected samples. We reviewed gold standard RT-qPCR method diagnosis confer a better understanding application combat comprehensive may further develop awareness about management

Язык: Английский

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Maintaining face mask use before and after achieving different COVID-19 vaccination coverage levels: a modelling study

The Lancet Public Health, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 7(4), С. e356 - e365

Опубликована: Март 8, 2022

Face mask wearing has been an important part of the response to COVID-19 pandemic. As vaccination coverage progresses in countries, relaxation such practices is increasing. Subsequent surges have raised questions whether face masks should be encouraged or required and for how long. Here, we aim assess value maintaining use indoors according different levels USA.

Язык: Английский

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One size doesn’t fit all: methodological reflections in conducting community-based behavioural science research to tailor COVID-19 vaccination initiatives for public health priority populations

BMC Public Health, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 24(1)

Опубликована: Март 13, 2024

Abstract Background Promoting the uptake of vaccination for infectious diseases such as COVID-19 remains a global challenge, necessitating collaborative efforts between public health units (PHUs) and communities. Applied behavioural science can play crucial role in supporting PHUs’ response by providing insights into human behaviour informing tailored strategies to enhance uptake. Community engagement help broaden reach research involving more diverse range populations ensuring that better represent needs specific We developed applied an approach conducting community-based with ethnically socioeconomically guide PHUs tailoring their promote vaccination. This paper presents community methodology lessons learned applying methodology. Methods The was based on integrated knowledge translation (iKT) participatory (CBPR) principles. study involved collaboration local communities Ontario, Canada identify priority groups vaccination, understand factors influencing vaccine co-design each conducted across three large urban regions individuals from Eastern European communities, African, Black, Caribbean low socioeconomic neighbourhoods. Results seven-step research: (1) aligning goals system-level partners; (2) engaging priorities; (3) understanding strengths dynamics; (4) building relationships community; (5) establishing partnerships (community advisory groups); (6) members process; (7) feeding back interpreting findings. Research were successfully established prioritized enabling recruitment participants theory-informed interviews, interpretation findings, targeted recommendations PHU improve Lessons include importance cultural sensitivity awareness sociopolitical context engagement, being agile address evolving priorities PHUs, trust achieve effective engagement. Conclusion Effective lead inclusive representative research. this acknowledges diversity recognizes central addressing complex challenges.

Язык: Английский

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