Substance Use Among Youth During the COVID-19 Pandemic: a Systematic Review

Current Psychiatry Reports, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 24(6), С. 307 - 324

Опубликована: Апрель 27, 2022

Abstract Purpose of Review To review the literature on trends in substance use among youth during coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic. Recent Findings The pandemic has given rise to concerns about mental health and social well-being youth, including its potential increase or exacerbate behaviors. This systematic identified included 49 studies across alcohol, cannabis, tobacco, e-cigarettes/vaping, other drugs, unspecified substances. majority all categories reported reductions prevalence, except case drugs drug use, which three that an decrease use. Summary Overall, results this suggest prevalence largely declined Youth post-pandemic years will require monitoring continued surveillance.

Язык: Английский

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Barriers and facilitators to the implementation of digital technologies in mental health systems: a qualitative systematic review to inform a policy framework

BMC Health Services Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 24(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 26, 2024

Abstract Background Despite the potential for improved population mental health and wellbeing, integration of digital interventions has been difficult to achieve. In this qualitative systematic review, we aimed identify barriers facilitators implementation technologies in healthcare systems, map these an framework inform policy development. Methods We searched Medline, Embase, Scopus, PsycInfo, Web Science, Google Scholar primary research articles published between January 2010 2022. Studies were considered eligible if they reported and/or any technologies. Data extracted using EPPI-Reviewer analysed thematically via inductive deductive cycles. Results Of 12,525 references identified initially, 81 studies included final analysis. Barriers grouped within (evidence-practice gap) across six domains, organised by four levels systems. Broadly, was hindered perception as impersonal tools that add additional burden care onto both providers patients, change relational power asymmetries; absence resources; regulatory complexities impede access universal coverage. Facilitators person-cantered approaches consider patients’ intersectional features e.g., gender, class, disability, illness severity; evidence-based training providers; collaboration among colleagues; appropriate investment human financial reforms tackle health. Conclusion It is important complex interrelated nature different domains system. To facilitate equitable, sustainable, long-term transition policymakers should a systemic approach public private sectors planning strengthen Protocol registration The protocol registered on PROSPERO, CRD42021276838.

Язык: Английский

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Youth in a pandemic: a longitudinal examination of youth mental health and substance use concerns during COVID-19

BMJ Open, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 11(10), С. e049209 - e049209

Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2021

Objective This study analyses longitudinal data to understand how youth mental health and substance use are evolving over the course of COVID-19 pandemic, which is critical adjusting response strategies. Setting Participants were recruited from among existing participants in studies conducted an urban academic hospital Ontario, Canada. A total 619 aged 14–28 years participated (62.7% girls/young women; 61.4% Caucasian). Measures Data on mood, COVID-19-related worries collected four time points, that is, every 2 months beginning early stages pandemic April 2020. Latent class identify distinct groups who have different trajectory profiles impact their worries. Results For majority participants, mood concerns increased declined Canada’s summer subsequently autumn. Among with highest level symptoms at increases sustained. Substance remained relatively stable pandemic. worries, however, followed a similar symptoms. Girls/young women, living or suburban areas, larger households, poorer baseline physical most vulnerable during Conclusions Youth symptom levels line evolution itself, monitoring therefore required. It also essential we engage directly cocreate strategies service adaptations best meet needs young people.

Язык: Английский

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Digital interventions for substance use disorders in young people: rapid review

Substance Abuse Treatment Prevention and Policy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 18(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 17, 2023

Abstract Background Young people are disproportionately more likely than other age groups to use substances. The rise in substance and related harms, including overdose, during the Covid-19 pandemic has created a critical need for innovative accessible interventions. Digital interventions have shown effectiveness can provide engaging, less stigmatizing, that meet needs of young people. This review provides an overview recent literature on nature recently published digital terms technologies used, substances targeted, intended outcomes theoretical or therapeutic models employed. Methods Rapid methodology was used identify assess An initial keyword search conducted using MEDLINE, Cochrane Database Systematic Reviews, Abstracts Reviews Effects (DARE), Health Technology Assessment (HTA) PROSPERO years 2015–2020, later updated December 2021. Following title/abstract full-text screening articles, consensus decision study inclusion, data extraction process proceeded grid developed study. Data synthesis relied adapted conceptual framework by Stockings, et al. involved three-level treatment spectrum youth (prevention, early intervention, treatment) any type substance. Results In total, identified 43 articles describing 39 different Most were ( n = 28), followed prevention 6) 5). included web-based 14), game-based 10), mobile-based 7), computer-based 5) technologies, virtual reality 3). targeted alcohol 20) tobacco/nicotine 5), cannabis 2), opioids ketamine 1) multiple, 9). personalized normative feedback approach aimed effect behaviour change as outcome. Interestingly, harm reduction guided only one Conclusions While represented most common technology, immersive interactive such call further exploration. focused mainly use, reflecting concern tobacco, cannabis, co-occurring illicit drug use. Specifically, exacerbation opioid crisis throughout North American underlines urgent prevention-oriented uptake among also depends incorporation approaches.

Язык: Английский

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Access to mental health and addiction services for youth and their families in Ontario: perspectives of parents, youth, and service providers

International Journal of Mental Health Systems, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 17(1)

Опубликована: Март 14, 2023

Canadian youth (aged 16-24) have the highest rates of mental health and addiction concerns across all age groups most unmet care needs. There are many structural barriers that contribute to needs including lack available appropriate services, high costs, long wait times, fragmented siloed smooth transition between child adult stigma, racism, discrimination, as well culturally treatments. Levesque et al. (2013) developed a framework better understand access this conceptualizes accessibility five dimensions: (1) approachability, (2) availability, (3) affordability, (4) appropriateness, (5) acceptability. The purpose study was explore services for in Ontario, Canada from perspectives youth, parents, service providers.This qualitative university-community partnership exploring experiences with their families caregivers, providers. We conducted semi-structured interviews used thematic analysis analyze data.The involved 25 participants (n = 11 n 4 10 providers). identified six themes related impacting services: "The biggest barrier accessing support is where look," "There's always going be waitlist," "I money healthy," "They weren't really listening my issues," "Having more welcoming inclusive system," (6) "Health laws aren't doing what they need do."Our map onto healthcare conceptual sixth not adequately captured by model which focuses on policies, procedures, laws. findings implications policies provisions, underline urgent strategy will increase care, improve decrease burden reduce inequities services.

Язык: Английский

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Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Child and Adolescent Mental Health Policy and Practice Implementation

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 18(18), С. 9622 - 9622

Опубликована: Сен. 13, 2021

Background: The impact of the 2019 coronavirus pandemic on mental health millions worldwide has been well documented, but its prevention and treatment behavioral conditions is less clear. COVID-19 also created numerous challenges opportunities to implement care policies programs under that are fundamentally different from what considered be usual care. Methods: We conducted a qualitative study determine implementation evidence-based policy practice by State Mental Health Authorities (SMHA) for problems in children adolescents. Semi-structured interviews were with 29 SMHA representatives 21 randomly selected states stratified positivity rate unmet services need. Data analysis stakeholders used procedures embedded Rapid Assessment Procedure—Informed Community Ethnography methodology. Results: need increased during due primarily family stress separation peers. States reporting an increase demand had high greatest impacts reduced out-of-home use telehealth. Barriers telehealth included limited access internet technology, preference face-to-face services, lack privacy, difficulty using young youth substance treatment, finding Insurance Portability Accountability Act (HIPAA)-compliant platform, training providers clients, reimbursement challenges. Policy changes enable reimbursement, access, training, provider licensing resulted substantially fewer appointment cancellations or no-shows, greater engagement, reduction travel time, people living remote locations, communication collaboration. rates most likely continue post-pandemic. Despite these challenges, reported successful designed facilitate virtual delivery long-term practice. Conclusions: provided important lessons planning preparedness future public emergencies. Successful requires ongoing collaboration among makers providers.

Язык: Английский

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Digital Interventions for Psychological Well-being in University Students: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Journal of Medical Internet Research, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 24(9), С. e39686 - e39686

Опубликована: Авг. 18, 2022

Life at university provides important opportunities for personal growth; however, this developmental phase also coincides with the peak period of risk onset mental health disorders. In addition, specific lifestyle factors, including impaired sleep and academic financial stress, are known to exacerbate psychological distress in students. As a result, students have been identified as vulnerable population who often experience significant barriers accessing treatment. Digital interventions emerging promising solution population, but their effectiveness remains unclear.

Язык: Английский

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Synthesis of the Evidence on What Works for Whom in Telemental Health: Rapid Realist Review

Interactive Journal of Medical Research, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11(2), С. e38239 - e38239

Опубликована: Июнь 29, 2022

Telemental health (delivering mental care via video calls, telephone or SMS text messages) is becoming increasingly widespread. appears to be useful and effective in providing some service users settings, especially during an emergency restricting face-to-face contact, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. However, important limitations have been reported, telemental implementation risks reinforcement of pre-existing inequalities provision. If it widely incorporated into routine care, a clear understanding needed when for whom acceptable approach needed.

Язык: Английский

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Attitudes of Children, Adolescents, and Their Parents Toward Digital Health Interventions: Scoping Review

Journal of Medical Internet Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 25, С. e43102 - e43102

Опубликована: Март 8, 2023

Background The prevalence of mental health problems in children and adolescents is high. As these can impact this population’s developmental trajectories, they constitute a public concern. This situation accentuated by the fact that infrequently seek help. Digital interventions (DHIs) offer an opportunity to bridge treatment gap between care needs patient engagement care. Additional detailed research needed identify how be empowered access help through DHIs. In context, understanding their attitudes toward digital appears necessary first step facilitating effective implementation Objective study aimed establish inventory children’s, adolescents’, parents’ Methods A scoping review following PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews Meta-Analyses extension Scoping Reviews) recommendations was performed using MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO databases. conducted 3 key concepts: “child adolescent service users,” “digital interventions,” “attitudes.” Data extracted included name publishing journal, methodology used, target population, DHI studied, principal results. Results Of 1548 studies found, 30 (1.94%) were our analysis. Among these, 13 concerned satisfaction, 24 preferences, 22 use DHI, 11 perception, 10 needs. Conclusions results provide better factors influencing children’s adolescents’ continued growth DHIs reduce barriers Future on should investigate targeted populations increase

Язык: Английский

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Stigma as a barrier to early intervention among youth seeking mental health services in Ontario, Canada: a qualitative study

BMC Health Services Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 23(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 26, 2023

Stigma associated with mental health challenges is a major barrier to service seeking among youth. Understanding how stigma impacts service-seeking decisions from the perspectives of youth remains underexplored. Such research necessary inform effective reduction.This study aims understand influences challenges.Qualitative inquiry was taken using engagement, underpinned by pragmatism. Data were collected via 4 virtual focus groups 22 purposively selected participants lived experience in Ontario, Canada. Focus group guides developed collaboratively team members, including co-researchers. analyzed inductively reflexive thematic analysis.Three main themes constructed data: point entry into system, being biomedicalized or trivialized, and paving way for non-stigmatizing services. Initial contact healthcare system seen be affected stigma, causing delay refused services if they do not fit an expected profile. Participants described constant negotiation between feeling 'sick enough' 'not sick receive Once accessed services, perceived biomedicalization trivialization their driven stigma. Lastly, reflected on changes needed reduce stigma's effects obtaining services.A key component This tension about whether seek but also provider offer Building awareness around invisibility continuum wellness illness may help break down impact as seeking. Early intervention models care that propose across spectrum prevent sense deters accessing continuing access

Язык: Английский

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