SARS‐CoV‐2 variants and vulnerability at the global level

Journal of Medical Virology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 94(7), С. 2986 - 3005

Опубликована: Март 12, 2022

Numerous variants of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic have evolved. Viral may evolve with harmful susceptibility to immunity established existing COVID-19 vaccination. These are more transmissible, induce relatively extreme illness, evasive immunological features, decrease neutralization using antibodies from vaccinated persons, and susceptible re-infection. The Centers for Disease Control Prevention (CDC) has categorized SARS-CoV-2 mutations as interest (VOI), concern (VOC), high consequence (VOHC). At moment, four VOC many been defined require constant observation. This review article summarizes various surfaced special emphasis on VOCs that spreading across world, well several viral mutational impacts how these modifications alter properties virus.

Язык: Английский

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Accessibility to Non-COVID Health Services in the World During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Review

Frontiers in Public Health, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 9

Опубликована: Дек. 16, 2021

Background: COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV2 has seriously impacted the global economy. Medical facilities around world were not prepared for enormous challenges posed growing number of patients each day, shortage personal protective equipment, and insufficient numbers medical staff. Governments have tried to counteract impact pandemic, but measures taken always been sufficient maintain access quality health services at same level as before pandemic. The disruption resulted in more research reports from different parts on accessibility during Methodology: This review article presents 21 selected scientific studies regions world. Articles found PubMed, GoogleScholar, Medline, ScienceDirect databases, then grouped, significant data extracted article. results summarized a table. Results: range limited included variety specialties, including primary care, psychiatry, orthopedics, cardiology, neurosurgery, more. Methods used based retrospective analysis or subjective assessment form questionnaire interview. Most authors claimed decrease compared pre-pandemic period, planned surgeries, doctor appointments, patient admission hospital ER, medicines. Additionally, some observed an increase mortality rate. One few that expanded rapidly was online appointments. Conclusions: most certainly affected worldwide. Lessons should be learned prevent inaccessibility services, especially experts predict another wave cases.

Язык: Английский

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Changes in Incidence of Notifiable Infectious Diseases in China Under the Prevention and Control Measures of COVID-19

Frontiers in Public Health, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 9

Опубликована: Окт. 15, 2021

Aim: The aim of this study was to analyze the changes in incidence notifiable infectious diseases China under prevention and control measures COVID-19. Methods: Using descriptive epidemiological methods, data were collected from official website Health Commission People's Republic China, prevalence characteristics country 2020 analyzed compared with historical 2019. Monthly reporting on influenza tuberculosis 2015 2019 also collected. Results: Except for COVID-19, total number cases 6,366,176, a decrease 41.38% year-on-year Category B C decreased by 14.84 54.98% year-on-year, respectively ( P < 0.01). top three rates (87.63 cases/100,000), hepatitis (81.36 cases/100,000) other diarrhea (76.33 cases/100,000). Three types largest decline (−2,280,502 cases), hand-foot-mouth disease (−1,174,588 (−275,746 cases). Compared 2019, respiratory reported be 2020, followed intestinal diseases, blood-borne sexually transmitted natural foci, insect-borne diseases. monthly incidences lower than average previous 5 years. Conclusion: In most showed downward trend, non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs)such as wearing masks, frequent hand-washing, more ventilation, less gathering, etc, played an positive role various public health intervention strategies adopted contain COVID-19 can provide reference countries.

Язык: Английский

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Evaluation of electropolymerized molecularly imprinted polymers (E-MIPs) on disposable electrodes for detection of SARS-CoV-2 in saliva

Analytica Chimica Acta, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 1206, С. 339777 - 339777

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2022

We investigate electropolymerized molecularly imprinted polymers (E-MIPs) for the selective recognition of SARS-CoV-2 whole virus. E-MIPs with pseudoparticles (pps) were electrochemically deposited onto screen printed electrodes by reductive electropolymerization, using water-soluble N-hydroxmethylacrylamide (NHMA) as functional monomer and crosslinked N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide (MBAm). showed selectivity template pps, an imprinting factor 3:1, specificity (significance = 0.06) when cross-reacted other respiratory viruses. detected presence pps in <10 min a limit detection 4.9 log

Язык: Английский

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The role of cell death in SARS-CoV-2 infection

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 8(1)

Опубликована: Сен. 20, 2023

Abstract Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), showing high infectiousness, resulted in an ongoing pandemic termed disease 2019 (COVID-19). COVID-19 cases often experience distress syndrome, which has caused millions of deaths. Apart from triggering inflammatory and immune responses, many viral infections can cause programmed cell death infected cells. Cell mechanisms have a vital role maintaining suitable environment to achieve normal functionality. Nonetheless, these processes are dysregulated, potentially contributing pathogenesis. Over the past decades, multiple pathways becoming better understood. Growing evidence suggests that induction by may significantly contributes infection pathogenicity. However, interaction SARS-CoV-2 with death, together its associated mechanisms, is yet be elucidated. In this review, we summarize existing concerning molecular modulation as well viral-host interactions, shed new light on antiviral therapy against SARS-CoV-2.

Язык: Английский

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Enhanced neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 variant BA.2.86 and XBB sub-lineages by a tetravalent COVID-19 vaccine booster

Cell Host & Microbe, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 32(1), С. 25 - 34.e5

Опубликована: Ноя. 28, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Neutrophil autophagy and NETosis in COVID-19: perspectives

Autophagy, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 19(3), С. 758 - 767

Опубликована: Авг. 11, 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused substantial losses worldwide in people's lives, health, and property. Currently, is still prominent without any specific drug treatment. SARS-CoV-2 pathogen the cause of various systemic diseases, mainly acute pneumonia. Within pathological process, neutrophils are recruited to infected sites, especially lungs, for first stage removing invading through a range mechanisms. Macroautophagy/autophagy, conserved autodegradation process neutrophils, plays crucial role neutrophil phagocytosis pathogens. NETosis refers cell death, while auto-inflammatory factors antigens release NETs. This review summarizes latest research progress provides an in-depth explanation underlying mechanisms autophagy COVID-19. Furthermore, after exploring relationship between NETosis, we discuss potential targets treatment options. keeps up with on from new perspective, which can guide urgent development antiviral drugs provide guidance clinical COVID-19.Abbreviations: AKT1: AKT serine/threonine kinase 1; AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase; AP: autophagosome; ARDS: respiratory distress syndrome; ATG: related; BECN1: beclin cfDNA: cell-free DNA; COVID-19: coronavirus disease 2019; CQ: chloroquine; DMVs: double-membrane vesicles; ELANE/NE: elastase, expressed; F3: coagulation factor III, tissue factor; HCQ: hydroxychloroquine; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule associated 1 light chain 3; MPO: myeloperoxidase; MTORC1: mechanistic target rapamycin complex NETs: traps; NSP: nonstructural protein; PI3K: class I phosphoinositide 3-kinase; PtdIns3K: III phosphatidylinositol PtdIns3P: phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate; ROS: reactive oxygen species; SARS-CoV-2: severe syndrome 2; SKP2: S-phase TCC: terminal complement complex; ULK1: unc-51 like.

Язык: Английский

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Epidemiological Study on Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydia pneumoniae Infection of Hospitalized Children in a Single Center During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12

Опубликована: Март 21, 2022

Background Since the outbreak of COVID-19, a series preventive and control measures in China have been used to effectively curb spread COVID-19. This study aimed analyze epidemiological characteristics Mycoplasma pneumoniae ( MP ) Chlamydia CP hospitalized children with acute respiratory tract infection during COVID-19 pandemic. Methods IgM antibody were detected all due Children’s Hospital Affiliated Zhejiang University from January 2019 December 2020. These data compared between 2020 based on age month. Results The overall detection rate was significantly lower than that : 21.5% vs 32.9%, P &lt;0.001; 0.3% 0.9%, &lt;0.001). found 4-fold reduction number positive for 7.5-fold cases concentrated aged &gt;1 year old. In 2019, more commonly 3 years or older younger children. 2020, higher reached peak 3- 6-year group (35.3%). predominantly 6 rates 4.8% 2.6%, respectively. Meanwhile, July, August September, 47.2%, 46.7% 46.3%, Nevertheless, February apparently decreased those 2019. evenly distributed throughout year, 0.5%-1.6% 0.0%-2.1% Conclusions A SARS-CoV-2 pandemic can not only contain but also sharply improve other atypical pathogens, including .

Язык: Английский

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COVID‐19 metabolism: Mechanisms and therapeutic targets

MedComm, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 3(3)

Опубликована: Авг. 9, 2022

Abstract Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) dysregulates antiviral signaling, immune response, and cell metabolism in human body. Viral genome proteins hijack host metabolic network to support viral biogenesis propagation. However, the regulatory mechanism of SARS‐CoV‐2‐induced dysfunction has not been elucidated until recently. Multiomic studies disease 2019 (COVID‐19) revealed an intensive interaction between regulators proteins. SARS‐CoV‐2 deregulated cellular blood, intestine, liver, pancreas, fat, cells. Host supported almost every stage lifecycle. Strikingly, were found interact with enzymes different compartments. Biochemical genetic assays also identified key nodes dependencies replication. Of note, cholesterol metabolism, lipid glucose are broadly involved Here, we summarized current understanding hallmarks COVID‐19 metabolism. infection remodels which turn modulates Remodeling creates vulnerability replication, could be explored uncover new therapeutic targets. The efficacy inhibitors against is under investigation several clinical trials. Ultimately, knowledge reprogramming would accelerate drug repurposing or screening combat pandemic.

Язык: Английский

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Consumption Trends of Antibiotics in Brazil During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13

Опубликована: Март 21, 2022

Background: In 2019, a new type of coronavirus emerged and spread to the rest world. Numerous drugs were identified as possible treatments. Among candidates for treatment was azithromycin alone or in combination with other drugs. As result, many clinicians Brazil have prescribed an attempt combat minimize effects COVID19. Aim: This study analyzed sales data main antibiotics verify change consumption trends these during COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: is interrupted time series that antimicrobial between January 2014 July 2021, publicly accessible information obtained from Brazilian government's website. Monthly means "defined daily doses DDDs" (DDDs per 1,000 inhabitants day) compared by analysis variance, followed Dunnett Multiple Comparisons Test. trend changes antibiotic use verified using Joinpoint regression. Results: Amoxicillin (31.97%), (18.33%), cefalexin (16.61%) most sold evaluation period. Azithromycin rose 1.40 DDDs February 2020 3.53 2020. showed significant increase pandemic period [Monthly Percent Change (MPC) 5.83%, 95% 1.80; 10.00], whereas there fall amoxicillin (MPC -9.00%, CI -14.70; -2.90) [MPC-2.70%, (CI -6.30; -1.10)] this same Conclusion: The changed pattern Brazil, decrease azithromycin.

Язык: Английский

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