Cancers,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
15(7), С. 1992 - 1992
Опубликована: Март 27, 2023
Exosomes
are
mediators
of
intercellular
communication
in
normal
physiology
and
diseases.
While
many
studies
have
emerged
on
the
function
exosomal
cargoes,
questions
remain
regarding
origin
these
exosomes.
The
packaging
secretion
exosomes
different
contexts
modify
composition,
which
may
turn
impact
delivery,
uptake
cargo
recipient
cells.
A
mechanistic
understanding
exosome
biology
is
therefore
crucial
to
investigating
complex
biological
systems
development
novel
therapeutic
approaches.
Here,
we
outline
steps
biogenesis,
including
endosome
formation,
MVB
sorting
extracellular
release,
as
well
absorption,
targeting,
interaction
with
cells
fate
internalized
In
addition
providing
a
framework
dynamics,
summarize
current
evidence
major
pathways
regulatory
mechanisms.
We
also
highlight
various
mechanisms
observed
cancer
point
out
directions
improve
study
design
biology.
Further
research
needed
illuminate
relationship
between
biogenesis
function,
will
aid
translational
applications.
Military Medical Research,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
10(1)
Опубликована: Авг. 17, 2023
Abstract
Skin
wounds
are
characterized
by
injury
to
the
skin
due
trauma,
tearing,
cuts,
or
contusions.
As
such
injuries
common
all
human
groups,
they
may
at
times
represent
a
serious
socioeconomic
burden.
Currently,
increasing
numbers
of
studies
have
focused
on
role
mesenchymal
stem
cell
(MSC)-derived
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
in
wound
repair.
cell-free
therapy,
MSC-derived
EVs
shown
significant
application
potential
field
repair
as
more
stable
and
safer
option
than
conventional
therapy.
Treatment
based
can
significantly
promote
damaged
substructures,
including
regeneration
vessels,
nerves,
hair
follicles.
In
addition,
inhibit
scar
formation
affecting
angiogenesis-related
antifibrotic
pathways
promoting
macrophage
polarization,
angiogenesis,
proliferation,
migration,
inhibiting
excessive
matrix
production.
Additionally,
these
structures
serve
scaffold
for
components
used
repair,
be
developed
into
bioengineered
support
trauma
Through
formulation
standardized
culture,
isolation,
purification,
drug
delivery
strategies,
exploration
detailed
mechanism
will
allow
them
clinical
treatments
conclusion,
EVs-based
therapies
important
prospects
Here
we
provide
comprehensive
overview
their
current
status,
potential,
associated
drawbacks.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
9(1)
Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2024
Cancer
has
a
high
mortality
rate
across
the
globe,
and
tissue
biopsy
remains
gold
standard
for
tumor
diagnosis
due
to
its
level
of
laboratory
standardization,
good
consistency
results,
relatively
stable
samples,
accuracy
results.
However,
there
are
still
many
limitations
drawbacks
in
application
tumor.
The
emergence
liquid
provides
new
ideas
early
prognosis
Compared
with
biopsy,
advantages
treatment
various
types
cancer,
including
non-invasive,
quickly
so
on.
Currently,
detection
received
widely
attention.
It
is
now
undergoing
rapid
progress,
it
holds
significant
potential
future
applications.
Around
now,
biopsies
encompass
several
components
such
as
circulating
cells,
DNA,
exosomes,
microRNA,
RNA,
platelets,
endothelial
cells.
In
addition,
advances
identification
indicators
have
significantly
enhanced
possibility
utilizing
clinical
settings.
this
review,
we
will
discuss
application,
challenges
some
common
tumors
from
perspective
diverse
systems
tumors,
look
forward
development
prospects
field
cancer
treatment.
Materials Today Bio,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
22, С. 100760 - 100760
Опубликована: Авг. 11, 2023
Exosomes
have
emerged
as
a
promising
cell-free
therapeutic
approach.
However,
challenges
in
large-scale
production,
quality
control,
and
heterogeneity
must
be
overcome
before
they
can
used
clinically.
Biomimetic
exosomes
containing
key
components
of
natural
been
assembled
through
extrusion,
artificial
synthesis,
liposome
fusion
to
address
these
limitations.
These
exosome-mimetics
(EMs)
possess
similar
morphology
function
but
provide
higher
yields,
faster
size
compared
conventional
exosomes.
This
article
provides
an
overview
the
chemical
biological
properties
various
synthetic
exosome
systems,
including
nanovesicles
(NVs),
EMs,
hybrid
We
highlight
recent
advances
production
applications
nanobiotechnology
discuss
advantages,
limitations,
potential
clinical
programming
assembly
mimetics.
Journal of Translational Medicine,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
21(1)
Опубликована: Июнь 12, 2023
Non-small
cell
lung
cancer
(NSCLC)
is
a
worldwide
health
threat
with
high
annual
morbidity
and
mortality.
Chemotherapeutic
drugs
such
as
paclitaxel
(PTX)
have
been
widely
applied
clinically.
However,
systemic
toxicity
due
to
the
non-specific
circulation
of
PTX
often
leads
multi-organ
damage,
including
liver
kidney.
Thus,
it
necessary
develop
novel
strategy
enhance
targeted
antitumor
effects
PTX.Here,
we
engineered
exosomes
derived
from
T
cells
expressing
chimeric
antigen
receptor
(CAR-Exos),
which
mesothelin
(MSLN)-expressing
Lewis
(MSLN-LLC)
through
anti-MSLN
single-chain
variable
fragment
(scFv)
CAR-Exos.
was
encapsulated
into
CAR-Exos
(PTX@CAR-Exos)
administered
via
inhalation
an
orthotopic
mouse
model.Inhaled
PTX@CAR-Exos
accumulated
within
tumor
area,
reduced
size,
prolonged
survival
little
toxicity.
In
addition,
reprogrammed
microenvironment
reversed
immunosuppression,
attributed
infiltrating
CD8+
elevated
IFN-γ
TNF-α
levels.Our
study
provides
nanovesicle-based
delivery
platform
promote
efficacy
chemotherapeutic
fewer
side
effects.
This
may
ameliorate
present
obstacles
clinical
treatment
cancer.
Abstract
In
recent
decades,
research
on
Extracellular
Vesicles
(EVs)
has
gained
prominence
in
the
life
sciences
due
to
their
critical
roles
both
health
and
disease
states,
offering
promising
applications
diagnosis,
drug
delivery,
therapy.
However,
inherent
heterogeneity
complex
origins
pose
significant
challenges
preparation,
analysis,
subsequent
clinical
application.
This
review
is
structured
provide
an
overview
of
biogenesis,
composition,
various
sources
EVs,
thereby
laying
groundwork
for
a
detailed
discussion
contemporary
techniques
preparation
analysis.
Particular
focus
given
state‐of‐the‐art
technologies
that
employ
microfluidic
non‐microfluidic
platforms
EV
processing.
Furthermore,
this
discourse
extends
into
innovative
approaches
incorporate
artificial
intelligence
cutting‐edge
electrochemical
sensors,
with
particular
emphasis
single
proposes
current
outlines
prospective
avenues
future
research.
The
objective
motivate
researchers
innovate
expand
methods
analysis
fully
unlocking
biomedical
potential.
ACS Nano,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
18(5), С. 4269 - 4286
Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2024
The
repair
of
diabetic
wounds
remains
challenging,
primarily
due
to
the
high-glucose-derived
immune
inhibition
which
often
leads
excessive
inflammatory
response,
impaired
angiogenesis,
and
heightened
susceptibility
infection.
However,
means
reduce
immunosuppression
regulate
conversion
M2
phenotype
macrophages
under
a
high-glucose
microenvironment
using
advanced
biomaterials
for
are
not
yet
fully
understood.
Herein,
we
report
two-dimensional
carbide
(MXene)-M2
macrophage
exosome
(Exo)
nanohybrids
(FM-Exo)
promoting
wound
by
overcoming
inhibition.
FM-Exo
showed
sustained
release
macrophage-derived
exosomes
(M2-Exo)
up
7
days
exhibited
broad-spectrum
antibacterial
activity.
In
microenvironment,
relative
single
Exo,
could
significantly
induce
optimized
M2a/M2c
polarization
ratio
activating
PI3K/Akt
signaling
pathway,
proliferation,
migration
fibroblasts,
angiogenic
ability
endothelial
cells.
full-thickness
model,
effectively
regulated
status
promoted
their
transition
phenotype,
thereby
inhibiting
inflammation,
angiogenesis
through
VEGF
secretion,
improving
proper
collagen
deposition.
As
result,
healing
process
was
accelerated,
leading
better
outcome
with
reduced
scarring.
Therefore,
this
study
introduced
promising
approach
address
developing
bioactive
nanomaterials
in
environment.
Bioactive Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
36, С. 126 - 156
Опубликована: Март 2, 2024
Small
extracellular
vesicles
(sEVs)
are
known
to
be
secreted
by
a
vast
majority
of
cells.
These
sEVs,
specifically
exosomes,
induce
specific
cell-to-cell
interactions
and
can
activate
signaling
pathways
in
recipient
cells
through
fusion
or
interaction.
nanovesicles
possess
several
desirable
properties,
making
them
ideal
for
regenerative
medicine
nanomedicine
applications.
properties
include
exceptional
stability,
biocompatibility,
wide
biodistribution,
minimal
immunogenicity.
However,
the
practical
utilization
particularly
clinical
settings
at
large
scale,
is
hindered
expensive
procedures
required
their
isolation,
limited
circulation
lifetime,
suboptimal
targeting
capacity.
Despite
these
challenges,
sEVs
have
demonstrated
remarkable
ability
accommodate
various
cargoes
found
extensive
applications
biomedical
sciences.
To
overcome
limitations
broaden
potential
applications,
researchers
should
strive
deepen
understanding
current
loading,
characterization
techniques.
Additionally,
acquiring
fundamental
knowledge
about
origins
employing
state-of-the-art
methodologies
expand
research
scope.
This
review
provides
comprehensive
overview
exosome-based
strategies
diverse
domains,
encompassing
cancer
therapy,
immunotherapy,
biomarker
Furthermore,
we
emphasize
immense
exosomes
medicine.
Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
10
Опубликована: Янв. 3, 2024
Extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
are
membrane-enclosed
particles
secreted
by
a
variety
of
cell
types.
These
encapsulate
diverse
range
molecules,
including
proteins,
nucleic
acids,
lipids,
metabolites,
and
even
organelles
derived
from
their
parental
cells.
While
EVs
have
emerged
as
crucial
mediators
intercellular
communication,
they
also
hold
immense
potential
both
biomarkers
therapeutic
agents
for
numerous
diseases.
A
thorough
understanding
EV
biogenesis
is
the
development
EV-based
diagnostic
developments
since
composition
can
reflect
health
disease
status
donor
cell.
Moreover,
when
taken
up
target
cells,
exert
profound
effects
on
gene
expression,
signaling
pathways,
cellular
behavior,
which
makes
these
biomolecules
enticing
targets
interventions.
Yet,
despite
decades
research,
intricate
processes
underlying
cells
subsequent
uptake
recipient
remain
poorly
understood.
In
this
review,
we
aim
to
summarize
current
insights
advancements
in
mechanisms
EVs.
By
shedding
light
fundamental
governing
delivery,
review
underscores
basic
mechanistic
research
pave
way
developing
novel
strategies
applications.