Molecular Aspects of Medicine,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
101, С. 101335 - 101335
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
Renal
cell
carcinoma
(RCC)
is
a
malignant
tumor
with
highly
heterogeneous
and
complex
molecular
mechanisms.
Through
systematic
analysis
of
TCGA,
COSMIC
other
databases,
24
mutated
genes
closely
related
to
RCC
were
screened,
including
VHL,
PBRM1,
BAP1
SETD2,
which
play
key
roles
in
signaling
pathway
transduction,
chromatin
remodeling
DNA
repair.
The
PI3K/AKT/mTOR
particularly
important
the
pathogenesis
RCC.
Mutations
such
as
PIK3CA,
MTOR
PTEN
are
associated
metabolic
abnormalities
proliferation.
Clinically,
mTOR
inhibitors
VEGF-targeted
drugs
have
shown
significant
efficacy
personalized
therapy.
Abnormal
regulation
reprogramming,
especially
glycolysis
glutamine
pathways,
provides
cells
continuous
energy
supply
survival
advantages,
GLS1
promising
results
preclinical
studies.
This
paper
also
explores
potential
immune
checkpoint
combination
targeted
drugs,
well
application
nanotechnology
drug
delivery
In
addition,
unique
mechanisms
revealed
individualized
therapeutic
strategies
explored
for
specific
subtypes
TFE3,
TFEB
rearrangement
type
SDHB
mutant
type.
review
summarizes
common
gene
mutations
their
mechanisms,
emphasizes
diagnosis,
treatment
prognosis,
looks
forward
prospects
multi-pathway
therapy,
immunotherapy
treatment,
providing
theoretical
support
clinical
guidance
new
development.
Biomolecules,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
15(2), С. 292 - 292
Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2025
Inflammation
and
increased
oxidative
stress
in
testicular
tissue
are
documented
side
effects
of
torsion
the
testicles.
The
preventive
role
Bromelain
(Bro)
against
testicle
torsion-induced
ischemia/reperfusion
(I/R)
injury
was
investigated
this
research.
Five
groups
six
animals
each
were
created:
ischemia,
Ischemia+Reperfusion
(I+R),
Ischemia+Reperfusion+Bromelain
(I+R+Bro;
10
mg/kg),
control
(sham),
(Bro;
mg/kg).
An
I/R
damage
resulted
from
two
hours
720°
clockwise
twisting
left
testis.
Blood
samples
epididymal
sperm
collected
after
reperfusion
to
analyze
parameters
(recovery,
motility,
viability,
morphology)
cytokines
that
promote
inflammation
(IL-1β,
IL-6,
TNF-α).
Using
Western
blotting,
examined
for
histopathological
alterations,
antioxidant
enzymes
(GSH,
SOD),
lipid
peroxidation
(MDA),
apoptosis,
survival-related
proteins
(TLR4,
Caspase-3,
Bcl-2,
NRF-2,
HO-1,
PI3K,
mTOR,
AKT-1).
While
raising
activities
GSH
SOD,
enzymes,
Bro
administration
dramatically
reduced
MDA
concentrations.
I+R+Bro
group
had
significantly
amounts
promoted
compared
I+R
group.
Bro's
protective
properties
also
attributed
altered
by
it
participate
apoptosis
survival
cells.
Sperm
morphology,
concentration
notably
improved
bromelain-treated
group,
according
spermatological
examination.
Testicular
treated
with
bromelain
showed
less
histological
evaluations
than
untreated
These
findings
imply
has
anti-inflammatory,
anti-apoptotic,
qualities.
It
effectively
reduces
modulating
PI3K/Akt/mTOR
NRF-2/HO-1
pathways,
hence
minimizing
injury.
