Peer Support and Overdose Prevention Responses: A Systematic ‘State-of-the-Art’ Review

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 18(22), С. 12073 - 12073

Опубликована: Ноя. 17, 2021

Overdose prevention for people who use illicit drugs is essential during the current overdose crisis. Peer support a process whereby individuals with lived or living experience of particular phenomenon provide to others by explicitly drawing on these experiences. This review provides systematic search and evidence synthesis peer within interventions drugs. A six databases (CINAHL, SocINDEX, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Scopus, Web Knowledge) was conducted in November 2020 papers published English between 2000 2020. Following screening full-text review, 46 met criteria were included this review. thematic analysis approach used synthesize themes. Important findings include: value peers creating trusted services; diversity peers' roles; implications barriers peer-involved interventions; stress trauma experienced peers. Peers play pivotal role are acceptability feasibility such services. However, face considerable challenges their roles, including burnout. Future must consider how strengthen roles settings.

Язык: Английский

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Does naloxone provision lead to increased substance use? A systematic review to assess if there is evidence of a ‘moral hazard’ associated with naloxone supply

International Journal of Drug Policy, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 100, С. 103513 - 103513

Опубликована: Ноя. 16, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Evolution of an epidemic: Understanding the opioid epidemic in the United States and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on opioid-related mortality

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 19(7), С. e0306395 - e0306395

Опубликована: Июль 9, 2024

We conduct this research with a two-fold aim: providing quantitative analysis of the opioid epidemic in United States (U.S.), and exploring impact COVID-19 pandemic on opioid-related mortality. The duration persistence lends itself to need for an overarching extensive scope. Additionally, studying ramifications these concurrent severe public health crises is vital informing policies avoid preventable Using data from CDC WONDER, we consider deaths grouped by Census Region spanning January 1999 October 2022 inclusive, later add demographic component gender-stratification. Through lens key events epidemic, build interrupted time series model reveal statistically significant drivers then employ counterfactual approximate trends absence COVID-19, estimate excess (defined as observed minus projected deaths) associated pandemic. According our model, proliferation fentanyl contributed sustained increases death rates across three four U.S. census regions, corroborating existing knowledge field. Critically, each region has immediate increase its monthly rate at least 0.31 per 100,000 persons start pandemic, highlighting nationwide knock-on effects COVID-19. There are consistent positive deviations expected sizable burden cumulative deaths, surpassing 60,000 additional nationally March 2020 2022, ∼70% which were male. These results suggest that robust, multi-faceted measures even more important light prevent overdoses educate users risks potent synthetic opioids such fentanyl.

Язык: Английский

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Beliefs and misperceptions about naloxone and overdose among U.S. laypersons: a cross-sectional study

BMC Public Health, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 22(1)

Опубликована: Май 10, 2022

Abstract Background Overdose education and naloxone distribution (OEND) to laypersons are key approaches reduce the incidence of opioid-involved overdoses. While some research has examined attitudes toward OEND, especially among pharmacists first responders, our understanding what believe about overdose is surprisingly limited. Further, scholars have expressed concerns prevalence non-evidence-based beliefs naloxone. We designed this study analyze prevalence, nature, context U.S. laypersons. Methods conducted a cross-sectional ( n = 702) using Prolific.co (representative population by age, gender, race). Primary outcomes were believability six statements overdose/naloxone on seven-point Likert-type scale. Five unsupported, one was supported, current scientific evidence. used latent profile analysis classify participants into belief groups, then regression correlates classification. Results Believability (7: extremely believable) ranged from m 5.57 (SD 1.38) for scientifically supported idea (trained bystanders can reverse with naloxone), 3.33 1.83) statement claiming opioid users get high Participants classified three profiles: Profile 1 (most aligned evidence; 246), 2 (moderately aligned; 351), 3 (least aligned, 105). Compared 1, several covariates associated categorization Profiles 3, including lower trust in science (RRR 0.36, 95%CI 0.24–0.54; RRR 0.21, 0.12–0.36, respectively), conservative political orientation 1.41, 1.23–1.63; 3:RRR 1.62, 1.35–1.95, never being trained (Profile 3: 3.37, 1.16–9.77). Conclusions Preliminary evidence suggests simultaneously that bystander prevention prevent or more unsupported claims naloxone/overdose. Categorization clusters displaying such patterns low science, orientation, not having been Preregistration This preregistered prior any data collection Open Science Framework: https://osf.io/c6ufv

Язык: Английский

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Endogenous opiates and behavior: 2020

Peptides, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 151, С. 170752 - 170752

Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Feasibility and acceptability of inserts promoting virtual overdose monitoring services (VOMS) in naloxone kits: a qualitative study

Harm Reduction Journal, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 20(1)

Опубликована: Май 8, 2023

In response to the ongoing opioid epidemic, there have been efforts develop novel harm reduction strategies alongside scaling of currently implemented programs. Virtual overdose monitoring services (VOMS) are a intervention which aims reduce substance-related mortality through technology for those who out reach current supervised consumption sites. Scaling naloxone programs presents unique opportunity promote VOMS people at risk mortality. This study explore feasibility and acceptability kit inserts in promoting awareness VOMS.We used purposive snowball sampling recruit 52 key informants, including use drugs (PWUD) with experience using (n = 16), PWUD no prior 9), family members 5), healthcare emergency professionals 10), community-based organizations 6), administrators/peer support workers 6). Two evaluators completed semi-structured interviews. Interview transcripts were analyzed thematic analysis informed identify themes.Four interrelated themes emerged, VOMS, best practices implementation, messaging include within promotional materials facilitators dissemination material. Participants highlighted that should be promoted both inside outside kits, concise, provide basic information about can facilitated distribution streams. Messaging could further draw attention local on other supplies, lighters safer supplies.Findings demonstrate it is acceptable kits highlight interviewees preferred ways do so. Key emerged from inform information, bolster reducing illicit drug overdose.

Язык: Английский

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Naloxone dosing by non-medical first-responders at opioid overdoses: findings from a qualitative interview study

Harm Reduction Journal, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 22(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 18, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Daily opioid and stimulant co-use and nonfatal overdoses in the context of social disadvantage: Findings on marginalized populations

Journal of Substance Use and Addiction Treatment, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 151, С. 208986 - 208986

Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Community Support for Harm Reduction and Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder

Journal of Community Health, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 49(4), С. 724 - 731

Опубликована: Фев. 26, 2024

Язык: Английский

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A Systematic Literature Review of Strengths-Based Approaches to Drug Use Management and Treatment

Clinical Social Work Journal, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 51(3), С. 294 - 305

Опубликована: Май 8, 2023

Язык: Английский

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