The Neuroscience Journal of Shefaye Khatam,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
11(4), С. 108 - 124
Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2023
Introduction:
Spreading
Depression
(SD)
is
a
pathophysiological
phenomenon
that
occurs
as
transient
wave
of
depolarization
neurons
and
glial
cells,
results
in
temporary
suppression
the
activity
neurons.In
this
phenomenon,
there
disturbance
distribution
balance
ions
between
extracellular
intracellular
environments
cellular
metabolism.Furthermore,
SD
accompanied
by
short
increase
bioelectrical
activity,
followed
strong
depression
neuronal
long-term
excitability
network.Recently,
neuroinflammatory
function
one
main
contributors
to
neurological
diseases,
has
been
widely
investigated.The
role
revealed
some
such
migraine
with
aura,
epilepsy,
global
amnesia,
cerebrovascular
including
cerebral
ischemia-infarction
stroke,
well
intracranial
hemorrhage
caused
traumatic
head
injury.Conclusion:
Despite
large
growing
body
evidence,
exact
mechanism
propagation
still
not
clear
requires
more
indepth
investigations.Therefore,
review,
we
discuss
underlying
highlight
development
diseases.
RSC Medicinal Chemistry,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
16(3), С. 1350 - 1362
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
Nitroaromatic-based
triazene
prodrugs
elicited
enhanced
cytotoxicity
and
apoptosis
in
hypoxic
LN-229
glioblastoma
cells
comparing
to
temozolomide,
highlighting
their
therapeutic
potential
for
multiforme.
Brain Sciences,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
15(2), С. 132 - 132
Опубликована: Янв. 29, 2025
Central
nervous
system
(CNS)
tumors
involve
a
large
and
diverse
group
of
malignancies
that
arise
from
various
cell
types
within
the
brain
tissue.
Although
there
are
advances
in
treatments,
CNS
still
remain
challenging,
due
to
their
complex
biology
delicate
nature
surrounding
NAD(P)H
O=oxidoreductase
1
(NQO1)
is
an
enzyme
plays
critical
role
detoxification
quinones,
protecting
cells
oxidative
stress.
In
this
often
overexpressed,
which
contributes
resistance
tumor
chemotherapy
by
enhancing
antioxidant
defenses.
NQO1
influences
progression
affecting
downstream
signaling
pathways,
such
as
those
involving
transcription
factor
SNAIL,
well
others
associated
with
behavior.
Plants
represent
valuable
source
numerous
constituents
different
chemical
structures
known
affect
molecular
pathways
pathologies.
Acta Neuropathologica,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
149(1)
Опубликована: Фев. 8, 2025
Chronic
traumatic
encephalopathy
(CTE),
a
neurodegenerative
disease
associated
with
repetitive
head
injuries,
is
characterised
by
perivascular
hyperphosphorylated
tau
(p-tau)
accumulations
within
the
depths
of
cortical
sulci.
Although
majority
CTE
literature
focuses
on
p-tau
pathology,
other
pathological
features
such
as
glial
reactivity,
vascular
damage,
and
axonal
damage
are
relatively
unexplored.
In
this
study,
we
aimed
to
characterise
these
features,
specifically
in
lesion
areas,
better
understand
microenvironment
surrounding
lesion.
We
utilised
multiplex
immunohistochemistry
investigate
distribution
32
different
markers
cytoarchitecture
pathology
that
relevant
both
brain
injury
neurodegeneration.
qualitatively
assessed
images
measured
percentage
area
labelling
for
each
marker
non-lesion
areas
cases.
identified
reactivity
prominent
feature
lesions,
largely
driven
increases
astrocyte
compared
areas.
Furthermore,
astrocytes
labelled
NAD(P)H
quinone
dehydrogenase
1
(NQO1)
L-ferritin,
indicating
lesion-associated
may
be
compensatory
response
iron-induced
oxidative
stress.
Our
findings
demonstrate
inflammation
consistent
pathognomonic
contribute
pathogenesis
injury-related
Journal of Inflammation Research,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
Volume 18, С. 723 - 735
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
Adenoid
hypertrophy
is
a
common
disorder
of
childhood,
and
has
an
unclear
pathogenesis.
At
the
beginning
COVID-19
pandemic,
there
was
significant
reduction
in
incidence
adenoid
children
under
long-term
home
quarantine,
providing
rare
research
model
to
explore
pathogenesis
treatment
targets
adenoidal
children.
Before
during
quarantine
period,
adenoids
that
underwent
surgery
were
detected
using
label-free
proteomics.
Differences
protein
expression
analyzed
Gene
Ontology,
Kyoto
Encyclopedia
Genes
Genomes,
Set
Enrichment
Analysis,
Protein-protein
interaction,
immunohistochemistry
analysis.
Long-term
had
profound
impact
on
proteomics
pediatric
adenoids,
with
up-regulated
down-regulated
proteins
28
92
downregulated
proteins,
respectively.
Functional
enrichment
analysis
showed
differentially
expressed
mainly
enriched
pathways
such
as
leukocyte
activation,
inflammatory
response,
IL-1
production,
Th17
cell
differentiation,
IL-17
signaling.
In
group,
inflammation-related
(TNF-α,
IL-6),
CD36,
S100A2,
considerably
reduced,
whereas
NQO1
levels
increased
significantly,
potentially
alleviating
hypertrophy.
NQO1,
NDUFS8,
NDUFAF2
exhibited
strong
interactions.
This
study
identified
some
candidate
differential
inflammation
involved
preschool
RSC Medicinal Chemistry,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
Prodrugs
are
masked
drugs
that
first
become
pharmacologically
active
after
undergoing
a
structural
change
in
vivo.
They
designed
to
improve
physicochemical/biopharmaceutical
drug
properties
and
increase
site
specificity.
The
prodrug
approach
is
important
when
developing
brain-targeting
due
the
presence
of
brain
barriers
seriously
limit
entry
highly
polar,
multifunctional
entities.
While
several
excellent
reviews
summarize
modifications
facilitating
transport
across
barriers,
summary
mechanisms
used
for
activation
missing.
Given
high
need
innovative
discoveries
development,
we
here
review
most
tools
being
developed
since
2000
CNS
activation.
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
12
Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2025
Neurodegenerative
diseases
are
characterized
by
the
progressive
breakdown
of
neuronal
structure
and
function
pathological
accumulation
misfolded
protein
aggregates
toxic
oligomers.
A
major
contributor
to
deterioration
physiology
is
disruption
catabolic
pathways
mediated
proteasome,
a
large
protease
complex
responsible
for
most
cellular
degradation.
Previously,
it
was
believed
that
proteolysis
proteasome
required
tagging
targets
with
polyubiquitin
chains,
pathway
called
ubiquitin-proteasome
system
(UPS).
Because
this,
research
on
proteasomal
roles
in
neurodegeneration
has
historically
focused
UPS.
However,
additional
ubiquitin-independent
their
importance
increasingly
recognized.
In
this
review,
we
discuss
range
pathways,
focusing
substrate
identification
targeting,
regulatory
molecules
adaptors,
activators
alternative
caps,
diverse
complexes
including
20S
membrane
immunoproteasome,
extracellular
proteasomes,
hybrid
proteasomes.
These
further
discussed
context
aging,
oxidative
stress,
aggregation,
age-associated
neurodegenerative
diseases,
special
focus
Alzheimer's
Disease,
Huntington's
Parkinson's
Disease.
mechanistic
understanding
regulation
critical
development
therapies
treat
these
devastating
conditions.
This
review
summarizes
current
state
neurodegeneration.
Medical Gas Research,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15(1), С. 44 - 57
Опубликована: Окт. 2, 2024
Oxidative
stress
is
closely
related
to
various
diseases.
Ozone
can
produce
redox
reactions
through
its
unique
response.
As
a
source
of
the
oxidative
response,
strong
oxidizing
nature
ozone
cause
severe
damage
body.
On
other
hand,
low
concentrations
activate
mechanisms
combat
and
achieve
therapeutic
effects.
Some
animal
experiments
clinical
studies
have
revealed
potential
medical
value
ozone,
indicating
that
not
just
toxic
gas.
By
reviewing
mechanism
in
treating
central
nervous
system
diseases
(especially
ischemic
stroke
Alzheimer’s
disease)
effects
we
find
inhalation
lack
antioxidants
or
excessive
exposure
lead
harmful
impacts.
However,
with
adequate
antioxidants,
transmit
signals,
reduce
inflammation,
amyloid
β
peptide
levels,
improve
tissue
oxygenation.
Similar
those
possible
new
drugs
for
disease
indicate
ozone.
Nevertheless,
limited
research
has
restricted
application
More
are
needed
reveal
exact
dose–effect
relationship
healing
effect
