Fundamental Research,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
3(5), С. 692 - 706
Опубликована: Июнь 12, 2023
Tumorigenesis
is
a
complicated
process
in
which
numerous
modulators
are
involved
different
ways.
Previous
studies
have
focused
primarily
on
tumor-associated
protein-coding
genes
such
as
oncogenes
and
tumor
suppressor
genes,
well
their
associated
oncogenic
pathways.
However,
noncoding
RNAs
(ncRNAs),
rising
stars
diverse
physiological
pathological
processes,
recently
emerged
additional
tumorigenesis.
In
this
review,
we
focus
two
typical
kinds
of
ncRNAs:
long
(lncRNAs)
circular
(circRNAs).
We
describe
the
molecular
patterns
ncRNAs
roles
cancer
stem
cells
(CSCs),
cells,
environmental
cells.
CSCs
small
subset
generally
considered
to
be
that
initiate
tumorigenesis,
dozens
been
defined
critical
CSC
maintenance
oncogenesis.
Moreover,
widely
oncogenetic
including
sustaining
proliferation,
resisting
cell
death,
genome
instability,
metabolic
disorders,
immune
escape
metastasis.
also
discuss
potential
applications
diagnosis
therapy.
The
progress
ncRNA
research
greatly
improves
our
understanding
oncogenesis
provides
new
targets
for
future
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
25(6), С. 3562 - 3562
Опубликована: Март 21, 2024
Exosomes
are
extracellular
vesicles
of
endosomal
origin,
ranging
from
30
to
150
nm
in
diameter,
that
mediate
intercellular
transfer
various
biomolecules,
such
as
proteins,
lipids,
nucleic
acids,
and
metabolites.
They
modulate
the
functions
recipient
cells
participate
diverse
physiological
pathological
processes,
immune
responses,
cell-cell
communication,
carcinogenesis,
viral
infection.
Stem
(SCs)
pluripotent
or
multipotent
can
differentiate
into
cell
types.
SCs
also
secrete
exosomes,
which
exhibit
remarkable
therapeutic
potential
for
diseases,
especially
field
regenerative
medicine.
For
example,
exosomes
derived
mesenchymal
stem
(MSCs)
contain
miRNAs
ameliorate
endocrine
disorders,
diabetes
cancer.
(sc-exos)
may
offer
similar
advantages
SCs,
but
with
reduced
risks
challenges.
Sc-exos
have
lower
tumorigenicity,
immunogenicity,
infectivity.
deliver
drugs
more
efficiently
penetrate
deeper
tissues.
In
this
review,
we
provide
an
overview
recent
advances
sc-exos
their
applications
We
elucidate
how
biological
effects
depend
on
molecular
composition.
address
current
challenges
future
directions
using
sc-exos.
iScience,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
27(6), С. 109979 - 109979
Опубликована: Май 15, 2024
This
review
explores
the
hallmarks
of
cancer
resistance,
including
drug
efflux
mediated
by
ATP-binding
cassette
(ABC)
transporters,
metabolic
reprogramming
characterized
Warburg
effect,
and
dynamic
interplay
between
cells
mitochondria.
The
role
stem
(CSCs)
in
treatment
resistance
regulatory
influence
non-coding
RNAs,
such
as
long
RNAs
(lncRNAs),
microRNAs
(miRNAs),
circular
(circRNAs),
are
studied.
chapter
emphasizes
future
directions,
encompassing
advancements
immunotherapy,
strategies
to
counter
adaptive
integration
artificial
intelligence
for
predictive
modeling,
identification
biomarkers
personalized
treatment.
comprehensive
exploration
these
provides
a
foundation
innovative
therapeutic
approaches,
aiming
navigate
complex
landscape
enhance
patient
outcomes.
Cancers,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
15(5), С. 1608 - 1608
Опубликована: Март 5, 2023
The
generally
accepted
view
is
that
CSCs
hijack
the
signaling
pathways
attributed
to
normal
stem
cells
regulate
self-renewal
and
differentiation
processes.
Therefore,
development
of
selective
targeting
strategies
for
CSC,
although
clinically
meaningful,
associated
with
significant
challenges
because
CSC
share
many
important
mechanisms
their
maintenance
survival.
Furthermore,
efficacy
this
therapy
opposed
by
tumor
heterogeneity
plasticity.
While
there
have
been
considerable
efforts
target
populations
chemical
inhibition
developmental
such
as
Notch,
Hedgehog
(Hh),
Wnt/β-catenin,
noticeably
fewer
attempts
were
focused
on
stimulation
immune
response
CSC-specific
antigens,
including
cell-surface
targets.
Cancer
immunotherapies
are
based
triggering
anti-tumor
specific
activation
targeted
redirecting
toward
cells.
This
review
CSC-directed
immunotherapeutic
approaches
bispecific
antibodies
antibody-drug
candidates,
CSC-targeted
cellular
immunotherapies,
immune-based
vaccines.
We
discuss
improve
safety
different
describe
current
state
clinical
development.
Cancer Cell International,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
23(1)
Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2023
Abstract
High
recurrence
and
metastasis
rates
poor
prognoses
are
the
major
challenges
of
current
cancer
therapy.
Mounting
evidence
suggests
that
stem
cells
(CSCs)
play
an
important
role
in
development,
chemoradiotherapy
resistance,
recurrence,
metastasis.
Therefore,
targeted
CSC
therapy
has
become
a
new
strategy
for
solving
problems
recurrence.
Since
properties
CSCs
regulated
by
specific
tumour
microenvironment,
so-called
niche,
which
targets
crosstalk
between
their
niches,
is
vital
our
pursuit
therapeutic
opportunities
to
prevent
from
recurring.
In
this
review,
we
aim
highlight
factors
within
niche
have
roles
regulating
properties,
including
extracellular
matrix
(ECM),
stromal
(e.g.,
associated
macrophages
(TAMs),
cancer-associated
fibroblasts
(CAFs),
mesenchymal
(MSCs)),
physiological
changes
inflammation,
hypoxia,
angiogenesis).
We
also
discuss
recent
progress
regarding
therapies
targeting
elucidate
developments
more
effective
strategies
eliminate
cancer.
Cells,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
13(8), С. 682 - 682
Опубликована: Апрель 15, 2024
The
tumor
microenvironment
(TME)
plays
an
important
role
in
the
process
of
tumorigenesis,
regulating
growth,
metabolism,
proliferation,
and
invasion
cancer
cells,
as
well
contributing
to
resistance
conventional
chemoradiotherapies.
Several
types
cells
with
relatively
stable
phenotypes
have
been
identified
within
TME,
including
cancer-associated
fibroblasts
(CAFs),
tumor-associated
macrophages
(TAMs),
neutrophils,
natural
killer
(NK)
which
shown
modulate
cell
metastasis,
interaction
immune
system,
thus
promoting
heterogeneity.
Growing
evidence
suggests
that
tumor-cell-derived
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs),
via
transfer
various
molecules
(e.g.,
RNA,
proteins,
peptides,
lipids),
play
a
pivotal
transformation
normal
TME
into
their
protumorigenic
counterparts.
This
review
article
focuses
on
functions
EVs
modulation
view
how
exosomes
contribute
importance
for
diagnosis
therapy.
Cancers,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
17(3), С. 382 - 382
Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2025
Cancer
stem
cells
(CSCs)
play
a
central
role
in
tumor
progression,
recurrence,
and
resistance
to
conventional
therapies,
making
them
critical
focus
oncology
research.
This
review
provides
comprehensive
analysis
of
CSC
biology,
emphasizing
their
self-renewal,
differentiation,
dynamic
interactions
with
the
microenvironment
(TME).
Key
signaling
pathways,
including
Wnt,
Notch,
Hedgehog,
are
discussed
detail
highlight
potential
as
therapeutic
targets.
Current
methodologies
for
isolating
CSCs
critically
examined,
addressing
advantages
limitations
advancing
precision
medicine.
Emerging
technologies,
such
CRISPR/Cas9
single-cell
sequencing,
explored
transformative
unraveling
heterogeneity
informing
strategies.
The
also
underscores
pivotal
TME
supporting
survival,
promoting
metastasis,
contributing
resistance.
Challenges
arising
from
CSC-driven
dormancy
analyzed,
along
strategies
mitigate
these
barriers,
novel
therapeutics
targeted
approaches.
Ethical
considerations
integration
artificial
intelligence
designing
CSC-specific
therapies
essential
elements
future
manuscript
advocates
multi-disciplinary
approach
that
combines
innovative
advanced
therapeutics,
collaborative
research
address
complexities
CSCs.
By
bridging
existing
gaps
knowledge
fostering
advancements
personalized
medicine,
this
aims
guide
development
more
effective
cancer
treatment
strategies,
ultimately
improving
patient
outcomes.
Advances in Cancer Biology - Metastasis,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
8, С. 100107 - 100107
Опубликована: Авг. 3, 2023
Cancer
immune
evasion
is
one
of
the
principal
mechanisms
leading
to
progression
and
metastatization
disease.
Despite
migration
infiltration
at
tumor
site
cells,
multiple
factors
can
influence
composition
hot
or
"immune-sensitive"
tumors
cold
"immune-resistant"
tumors.
Among
responsible
for
make-up
microenvironment
are
expression
levels
major
histocompatibility
molecules
(MHC)
antigen
processing
machinery,
metabolic
network,
hypoxia,
secretion
pro-inflammatory
(e.g.,
cytokines,
chemokines,
growth
factors).
Moreover,
different
triggered
pathways
mediate
reprogramming
activated,
memory,
effector,
regulatory/tolerogenic
subtypes
cells
(T,
NK,
dendritic
macrophages).
Recent
studies
have
focused
on
role
cancer
metabolism
in
evading
surveillance
through
action
active
tryptophan
catabolic
enzyme
indoleamine
2,3-dioxygenase
(IDO).
Immune
suppression
now
being
extensively
studied
with
a
special
focus
developing
immunotherapy
strategies,
such
as
targeting
checkpoints
(programmed
cell
death
protein
1/programmed
ligand
1
(PD-1/PD-L1),
Cytotoxic
T-lymphocyte
antigen-4
(CTLA-4)),
adoptive
therapy
vaccines.
In
this
review,
an
overview
underlying
efficacy
therapeutic
targets
agents
overcome
escape
described.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
24(9), С. 8401 - 8401
Опубликована: Май 7, 2023
Osteosarcoma
is
a
highly
malignant
bone
tumor
derived
from
mesenchymal
cells
that
contains
self-renewing
cancer
stem
(CSCs),
which
are
responsible
for
progression
and
chemotherapy
resistance.
Understanding
the
signaling
pathways
regulate
CSC
self-renewal
survival
crucial
developing
effective
therapies.
The
Notch,
Hedgehog,
Wnt/β-Catenin
developmental
pathways,
essential
differentiation
of
normal
cells,
have
been
identified
as
important
regulators
osteosarcoma
CSCs
also
in
resistance
to
anticancer
Targeting
these
their
interactions
with
embryonic
markers
microenvironment
may
be
promising
therapeutic
strategy
overcome
chemoresistance
improve
prognosis
patients.
This
review
focuses
on
role
regulating
self-renewal,
pluripotency,
chemoresistance,
potential
targets
anti-cancer
We
discuss
relevance
markers,
including
SOX-2,
Oct-4,
NANOG,
KLF4,
association
aforementioned
overcoming
drug
