Exploring the Link between Oxidative Stress, Selenium Levels, and Obesity in Youth

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(13), С. 7276 - 7276

Опубликована: Июль 2, 2024

Obesity is a worldwide increasing concern. Although in adults this easily estimated with the body mass index, children, who are constantly growing and whose bodies changing, reference points to assess weight status age gender, need corroboration complementary data, making their quantification highly difficult. The present review explores interaction spectrum of oxidative stress, selenium status, obesity children adolescents. Any factor related stress that triggers and, conversely, induces part vicious circle, complex chain mechanisms derive from each other reinforce serious health consequences. Selenium its compounds exhibit key antioxidant activity also have significant role nutritional evaluation obese children. balance intake, retention, metabolism emerges as vital aspect health, reflecting interactions between diet, obesity. Understanding whether contributor or consequence could inform interventions public strategies aimed at preventing managing an early age.

Язык: Английский

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Design strategies, advances and future perspectives of colon-targeted delivery systems for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 19(4), С. 100943 - 100943

Опубликована: Июль 14, 2024

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) significantly contribute to high mortality globally and negatively affect patients' qualifications of life. The gastrointestinal tract has unique anatomical characteristics physiological environment limitations. Moreover, certain natural or synthetic anti-inflammatory drugs are associated with poor targeting, low drug accumulation at the lesion site, other side effects, hindering them from exerting their therapeutic effects. Colon-targeted delivery systems represent attractive alternatives as novel carriers for IBD treatment. This review mainly discusses treatment status IBD, obstacles delivery, design strategies colon-targeted systems, perspectives on existing complementary therapies. based recent reports, we summarized mechanism delivery. Finally, addressed challenges future directions facilitate exploitation advanced nanomedicine therapy.

Язык: Английский

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Redox Homeostasis, Gut Microbiota, and Epigenetics in Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Systematic Review

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(9), С. 1062 - 1062

Опубликована: Авг. 30, 2024

Neurodegenerative diseases encompass a spectrum of disorders marked by the progressive degeneration structure and function nervous system. These conditions, including Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's (AD), Huntington's (HD), Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Multiple (MS), often lead to severe cognitive motor deficits. A critical component neurodegenerative pathologies is imbalance between pro-oxidant antioxidant mechanisms, culminating in oxidative stress. The brain's high oxygen consumption lipid-rich environment make it particularly vulnerable damage. Pro-oxidants such as reactive nitrogen species (RNS) (ROS) are continuously generated during normal metabolism, counteracted enzymatic non-enzymatic defenses. In diseases, this balance disrupted, leading neuronal This systematic review explores roles stress, gut microbiota, epigenetic modifications aiming elucidate interplay these factors identify potential therapeutic strategies. We conducted comprehensive search articles published 2024 across major databases, focusing on studies examining relationships redox homeostasis, changes neurodegeneration. total 161 were included, comprising clinical trials, observational studies, experimental research. Our findings reveal that stress plays central role pathogenesis with microbiota composition significantly influencing balance. Specific bacterial taxa markers identified modulators suggesting novel avenues for intervention. Moreover, recent evidence from human animal supports emerging concept targeting homeostasis through therapies. Future research should focus validating targets settings exploring personalized medicine strategies based individual profiles.

Язык: Английский

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Engineering Stimuli‐Responsive Materials for Precision Medicine

Small, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 21(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 23, 2024

Abstract Over the past decade, precision medicine has garnered increasing attention, making significant strides in discovering new therapeutic drugs and mechanisms, resulting notable achievements symptom alleviation, pain reduction, extended survival rates. However, limited target specificity of primary inter‐individual differences have often necessitated high‐dosage strategies, leading to challenges such as restricted deep tissue penetration rates systemic side effects. Material science advancements present a promising avenue for these issues. By leveraging distinct internal features diseased regions application specific external stimuli, responsive materials can be tailored achieve targeted delivery, controllable release, biochemical reactions. This review aims highlight latest stimuli‐responsive their potential medicine. Initially, we introduce disease‐related stimuli capable elucidating reaction principles functional groups. Subsequently, provide detailed analysis representative pre‐clinical across various clinical applications, including enhancements treatment cancers, injury diseases, inflammatory infection high‐throughput microfluidic biosensors. Finally, discuss some challenges, off‐target effects, long‐term impacts nano‐materials, ethical concerns, offer insights into future perspectives materials.

Язык: Английский

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Nuclear Alpha‐Synuclein in Parkinson’s Disease and the Malignant Transformation in Melanoma

Neurology Research International, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 2025(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Background: Alpha‐synuclein (ASyn), a marker of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and other neurodegenerative processes, plays pivotal roles in neuronal nuclei synapses. ASyn its phosphorylated form at Serine 129 (p‐ASyn) are involved DNA protection repair, processes altered aging, neurodegeneration, cancer. Objective: To analyze the localization p‐ASyn skin biopsies PD patients melanoma. Methods: Biopsies from 26 patients, 20 melanoma 31 control subjects were probed analyzed with antibody by immunohistochemistry immunofluorescence. Nuclear positivity was quantified image analysis. Results: Peripheral nerve endings healthy show little immunopositivity but notable axonal presence PD. Control to along all epidermic strata scarce their cytoplasm. In contrast, nuclear is weaker, higher cytoplasmic intercellular presence. varied similar early stage rate empty intermediate total absence severe cases. Interpretation: These findings support cells that decreases almost disappears malignant transformation melanocytes, redistributing cytoplasm spaces. This confirms association between melanoma, providing crucial insights into role both diseases. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01380899 .

Язык: Английский

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The Crucial Role of the Blood–Brain Barrier in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Mechanisms of Disruption and Therapeutic Implications

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(2), С. 386 - 386

Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2025

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a crucial structure that maintains brain homeostasis by regulating the entry of molecules and cells from bloodstream into central nervous system (CNS). Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's Parkinson's disease, well ischemic stroke, compromise integrity BBB. This leads to increased permeability infiltration harmful substances, thereby accelerating neurodegeneration. In this review, we explore mechanisms underlying BBB disruption, including oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, vascular dysfunction, loss tight junction integrity, in patients with neurodegenerative diseases. We discuss how breakdown contributes neurotoxicity, abnormal accumulation pathological proteins, all which exacerbate neuronal damage facilitate disease progression. Furthermore, potential therapeutic strategies aimed at preserving or restoring function, anti-inflammatory treatments, antioxidant therapies, approaches enhance integrity. Given role neurodegeneration, maintaining its represents promising approach slow prevent progression

Язык: Английский

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The clinical value of short-term insemination: a retrospective analysis of 3496 patients

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 25(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 14, 2025

The safety and effectiveness of short-term insemination remain a subject controversy. This study aims to investigate the impact on both embryo quality pregnancy outcomes whether it is necessary apply all patients underwent in vitro fertilization (IVF). A retrospective analysis was conducted 3,496 from two centers over period January 2016 December 2022. Of these, 1307 IVF, 1656 were treated with 166 received early rescue intracytoplasmic sperm injection (R-ICSI) 367 ICSI. clinical neonatal compared between groups. rate high-quality embryos significantly lower IVF group routine (59.89% vs. 68.16%) (P = 0.000), blastocyst formation (44.99% 61.34%) 0.000). There no significant differences or groups, irrespective fresh frozen used (both P > 0.05). incidence ≥ 3PN demonstrated difference R-ICSI ICSI groups (1.04% 0.66%) 0.114), furthermore, similar for For primary fertility, combined can effectively prevent potential low failure, reduce risk transferable embryo, avoid waste resources had adverse effects outcomes. However, reduced oocytes utilization one single oocyte pick-up cycle, factors overnight still most important ways worthy affirmation. NA.

Язык: Английский

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Therapeutic effect of dihydroartemisinin on Alzheimer’s disease model mice with senile macular degeneration

European journal of medical research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 30(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 5, 2025

This study focuses on the preventive and therapeutic effects of Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) Alzheimer's disease (AD) model mice DHA donepezil amyloid β-protein deposition autophagy in nerve cells. Six related targets were selected for molecular docking with to predict affinity between target. The AD mouse was established treated DHA, respectively. Morris water maze used detect spatial learning memory ability mice. Hematoxylin eosin (he) staining observe structural changes cerebral cortical neurons retina, transmission electron microscope mitochondria synapses. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) immunofluorescence beta protein. Western blot expression apoptosis proteins brain tissue each group. results showed that active compounds had good binding activity energy Aβ, Bcl-2, ATG5, LC3, Caspase3, LAMP1 is −5.7, −7.0, −5.8, −7.2, −6.9 kcal/mol. test compared wild type (WT) group, group (5× FAD) significantly decreased, search time (27.62 ± 6.51 s vs. 282.80 17.15 s) average path (106.30 29.65 cm 993.20 135.80 cm) prolonged. application shortened exploration (donepezil: 116.10 10.58 s, 529.40 106.00 cm; DHA: 99.71 14.22 373.30 60.97 cm). find platform treatment shorter than (P < 0.05). HE arrangement cells 5× FAD disordered, IHC obvious. could improve damage cortex structure reduce extracellular Transmission microscopy mitochondrial vacuolation synaptic edema. above effect better donepezil. Compared conventional feeding B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL2) anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) down regulated expressions BCL2 ATG increased after combined protein, through promoting can mice, β-amyloid then superior monotherapy.

Язык: Английский

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Bisboronic Ester-Enabled Redox-Targeted Cancer Therapy: A Cascade ROS Consumption Approach for Efficient Elimination of Cancer Cells

Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 6, 2025

Elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cancer cells, arising from their altered metabolism, represent a distinctive therapeutic target. Here, we introduce the first example bisboronic esters as potent agents for rapidly disrupting redox homeostasis, selectively inducing oxidative stress to eliminate cells. Structure-activity relationship studies revealed that both electronic and steric factors significantly influence cytotoxicity, with most effective compounds achieving IC50 values low 0.63 μM. Confocal imaging confirmed rapid intracellular depletion ROS, leading severe metabolic imbalance efficient cell death. This study highlights potential boronate-based therapeutics redox-targeted therapy, which may provide promising foundation development innovative anticancer strategies.

Язык: Английский

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World no-tobacco: effects of second-hand smoke (SHS) and vapors on the developing and adult brain

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16

Опубликована: Март 6, 2025

The goal of this review is to highlight the role second-hand smoke (SHS) or environmental tobacco (ETS) and e-cigarette (EC) vapors on brain integrity function during development adulthood, including how it relates increasing risk for age-related neurodegenerative disorders. A systematic literature effect SHS ETS revealed a total 284 372 publications 312 publications, respectively. After taking into account duplicate focused policy, surveys other organs than brain, there are limited studies effects SHS, EC structure function. In review, we examine major constituents in their health, mechanisms by which alters function, behavioral cognitive performance. We hope that will encourage investigators explore further short-as well long-term vapor exposure developing adult better understand its neurodevelopmental disorders diseases ultimately develop therapeutic modalities reduce even prevent short- detrimental health.

Язык: Английский

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