Dose-response of different dietary leucine levels on growth performance and amino acid metabolism in piglets differing for aminoadipate-semialdehyde synthase genotypes

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 9(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 6, 2019

Dose-response studies of dietary leucine (Leu) in weaners are needed for a proper diet formulation. Dietary Leu effect was assessed 3-weeks dose-response trial with 2 (genotype) x 5 (diets) factorial arrangement on one-hundred weaned pigs (9 to 20 kg body weight (BW)). Pigs differed polymorphism at the aminoadipate-semialdehyde synthase (AASS) gene, involved lysine (Lys) metabolism. received experimental diets (d7 d28) differing standardized ileal digestible (SID) Leu:Lys: 70%, 85%, 100%, 115%, 130%. Daily feed intake (ADFI), daily gain (ADG) and feed:gain (F:G) all ADG F:G two classes BW were analyzed using regression analysis curvilinear-plateau (CLP) linear quadratic function (LQ) models. Amino acid (AA) concentrations plasma, liver, muscle urine determined. AASS genotype did not affect parameters. affected performance parameters, maximum response between 100.5% 110.7% SID Leu:Lys, higher than usually recommended one, 110.5% 115.4% 94.9% 110.2% Leu:Lys light heavy respectively. AA variations tissues highlighted role protein synthesis its influence other branched chain AAs.

Язык: Английский

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Genes Related to Fat Metabolism in Pigs and Intramuscular Fat Content of Pork: A Focus on Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics

Animals, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(2), С. 150 - 150

Опубликована: Янв. 8, 2022

Fat metabolism and intramuscular fat (IMF) are qualitative traits in pigs whose development influenced by several genes metabolic pathways. Nutrigenetics nutrigenomics offer prospects estimating nutrients required a pig. Application of these emerging fields nutritional science provides an opportunity for matching based on the genetic make-up pig trait improvements. Today, integration high throughput “omics” technologies into genomic research has revealed many quantitative loci (QTLs) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) mutation(s) key directly or indirectly involved IMF deposition pigs. Nutrient–gene interaction underlying molecular mechanisms fatty acid synthesis marbling is difficult to unravel. While existing knowledge QTLs SNPs related yet be harmonized, scientific explanations behind nature correlation between nutrients, environment remain unclear, being inconclusive lacking precision. This paper aimed to: (1) discuss nutrigenetics, epigenetic controlling accretion pigs; (2) highlight potentials concepts programming research.

Язык: Английский

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— Invited Review — Current status, challenges and prospects for pig production in Asia

Animal Bioscience, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 37(4), С. 742 - 754

Опубликована: Фев. 22, 2024

Asia is not only the primary region for global pig production but also largest consumer of pork worldwide. Although in has made great progress past, it still confronted with numerous challenges. These challenges include: inadequate land and feed resources, a substantial number small-scale farms, escalating pressure to ensure environmental conservation, control devastating infectious diseases, as well coping high temperatures humidity. To solve these problems, important investments human financial capital are required promote large-scale systems, exploit alternative implement precision feeding, focus on preventive medicine vaccines alternatives antibiotics, improve breeding, increase manure recycling. Implementation techniques management practices will facilitate development more environmentally-friendly economically sustainable systems Asia, ultimately providing consumers healthy products around world.

Язык: Английский

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Nutrition strategies to control post-weaning diarrhea of piglets: From the perspective of feeds

Animal nutrition, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 17, С. 297 - 311

Опубликована: Март 26, 2024

Post-weaning diarrhea (PWD) is a globally significant threat to the swine industry. Historically, antibiotics as well high doses of zinc oxide and copper sulfate have been commonly used control PWD. However, development bacterial resistance environmental pollution created an interest in alternative strategies. In recent years, research surrounding these strategies mechanisms piglet has continually updated. Mechanically, piglets result imbalance intestinal fluid electrolyte absorption secretion. general, enterotoxigenic

Язык: Английский

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Amino Acid Supplementation to Reduce Environmental Impacts of Broiler and Pig Production: A Review

Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 8

Опубликована: Июль 26, 2021

Poultry and swine farming are large contributors to environmental impacts, such as climate change, eutrophication, acidification, air water pollution. Feed production manure management identified the main sources of these impacts. Reducing dietary crude protein levels is a nutritional strategy recognized both decrease use high-impact feed ingredients alter composition, reducing emissions harmful components. For successful implementation this technique, feed-grade amino acid supplementation crucial maintaining animal performance. lowers nitrogen excretion, especially excess excreted in urea or uric form, improving efficiency. At feed-gate, low–crude diets can reduce carbon footprint through changes raw material inclusion. The magnitude reduction mainly depends on change impact soybean meal its land-use acids used. also housing, storage, at spreading: from (ammonia, nitrates, nitrous oxide) reduced excretion. Moreover, synergetic effects exist with pH, further emissions. Volatilization more poultry than pigs, but studied better understood for pig slurry litter. Ammonia documented other N-compounds. Low–crude supplemented different stages production, making life cycle assessment best-suited tool quantify Recent studies report an efficient impacts diets. However, standardization limits methods used necessary compare results. This review summarizes current knowledge mitigation swine, quantification, biological mechanisms involved. A comparison between pigs included. It provides concrete information based quantified research decision livestock industry policy makers.

Язык: Английский

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Clostridium Butyricum ZJU-F1 Benefits the Intestinal Barrier Function and Immune Response Associated with Its Modulation of Gut Microbiota in Weaned Piglets

Cells, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 10(3), С. 527 - 527

Опубликована: Март 2, 2021

This study investigated the effects of dietary C. butyricum ZJU-F1 on apparent digestibility nutrients, intestinal barrier function, immune response, and microflora weaned piglets, with aim providing a theoretical basis for application Clostridium as an alternative to antibiotics in piglets. A total 120 weanling piglets were randomly divided into four treatment groups, which fed basal diet supplemented (CON), Bacillus licheniformis (BL), (CB), or (CB-BL), respectively. The results showed that CB CB-BL increased decreased permeability, tight junction protein mucin expression, thus maintaining integrity epithelial barrier. CB-BL, exogenous probiotics, also found stimulate response improve expression antimicrobial peptides ileum. In addition, proportion Lactobacillus. levels butyric acid, propionic acetic acid significantly ceca CB-BL. Furthermore, we validated function vitro improved enhanced TLR-2-MyD88-NF-κB signaling.

Язык: Английский

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Porcine enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli: Antimicrobial resistance and development of microbial-based alternative control strategies

Veterinary Microbiology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 258, С. 109117 - 109117

Опубликована: Май 18, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Black soldier fly larval meal in feed enhances growth performance, carcass yield and meat quality of finishing pigs

Journal of Insects as Food and Feed, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 7(4), С. 433 - 447

Опубликована: Март 11, 2021

Using black soldier fly (BSF, Hermetia illucens ) larvae as a novel protein source substituting fishmeal (FM) in animal feeds is globally gaining momentum. BSF can be reared on agro-industrial residues. However, incorporating larval meal (BSFLM) into finisher pig diets has received inadequate attention. This study evaluated the effects of replacing dietary FM with BSFLM growth, carcass traits and meat quality pigs. A control diet (including FM: 0% BSFLM) was compared four levels replacement at 25, 50, 75 or 100%. Forty hybrid pigs (crossbreeds purebred Large White Landrace) were randomly allocated to five different treatments. Feed intake, body weight gain feed conversion ratio measured. After 98 days feeding, all slaughtered for evaluation nutritional content organ muscle tissues. Diet significantly affected growth performance. Carcass fed by 100% (w/w) higher than source. Crude pork tissues high (65-93% dry-matter basis) across groups. Therefore, replace feed. relevant commercial production provides first time analysis derived from raised BSFLM.

Язык: Английский

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Feeding Strategies to Reduce Nutrient Losses and Improve the Sustainability of Growing Pigs

Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 8

Опубликована: Окт. 28, 2021

The efficiency of pig production using nutrients has increased over the years. Still, better nutrient utilization can be achieved by feeding pigs with diets adjusted to their estimated requirements. An increase in represents economic gains while maximizing environmental performance. objective this paper is review impact different methods diet formulation that provide farm animals amount satisfy needs minimizing excretion and greenhouse gas emissions. Diet one tool help maximize nitrogen energy decreasing crude protein content diets. use local feedstuff non-human-edible products (e.g., canola meal) associated synthetic amino acid inclusion are valuable techniques reduce carbon footprint. Precision nutrition another powerful allows not only daily tailoring for maximal but also costs improve utilization. In review, we simulated through mathematical models resulting from reduction diet. 8% 54% costing 11% less than a control without acids. same represented major improvement available due decrease energetic losses linked deamination. Urinary hindgut fermentation were 24% lower fed low-protein when compared terms modern strategies, precision 30% group phase feeding. benefits additive might result 61% There room way requirements pigs. Improving understanding variation among contribute further gains.

Язык: Английский

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The “ideal protein” concept is not ideal in animal nutrition

Experimental Biology and Medicine, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 247(13), С. 1191 - 1201

Опубликована: Апрель 11, 2022

Amino acids (AAs) are required for syntheses of proteins and low-molecular-weight substances with enormous physiological importance. Since 1912, AAs have been classified as nutritionally essential amino (EAAs) or nonessential (NEAAs) animals. EAAs those that either not synthesized insufficiently de novo in the organisms. It was assumed all NEAAs (now known synthesizable animal cells [AASAs]) were formed sufficiently animals needed diets. However, studies over past three decades shown sufficient dietary AASAs (e.g. glutamine, glutamate, glycine, proline) necessary maximum growth optimum health pigs, chickens, fish. Thus, concept “ideal protein” (protein an optimal EAA pattern precisely meets needs animals), which originally proposed 1950s but ignored AASAs, is ideal nutrition. Ideal diets must provide physiologically AAs. Improved patterns swine chickens well zoo companion recent years. Animal-sourced feedstuffs supply abundant (including proline, 4-hydroxyproline, taurine) swine, poultry, fish, crustaceans to improve their growth, development, reproduction, health, while sustaining global production. Nutritionists should move beyond consider ratios amounts proteinogenic mammals, birds, aquatic animals, and, case carnivores, also taurine.

Язык: Английский

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