Molecular Aspects of Medicine,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
101, С. 101324 - 101324
Опубликована: Дек. 3, 2024
This
review
provides
a
comprehensive
overview
of
the
evolving
landscape
cancer
vaccines,
highlighting
their
potential
to
revolutionize
tumor
prevention.
Building
on
success
vaccines
against
virus-related
cancers,
such
as
HPV-
and
HBV-associated
cervical
liver
current
challenge
is
extend
these
achievements
prevention
non-viral
tumors
treatment
preneoplastic
or
early
neoplastic
lesions.
analyzes
critical
aspects
preventive
anti-cancer
vaccination,
focusing
choice
target
antigens,
development
effective
vaccine
platforms
technologies,
use
various
model
systems
for
preclinical
testing,
from
laboratory
rodents
companion
animals.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
13
Опубликована: Дек. 14, 2022
Immunotherapy
has
emerged
as
a
breakthrough
strategy
in
cancer
treatment.
mRNA
vaccines
are
an
attractive
and
powerful
immunotherapeutic
platform
against
because
of
their
high
potency,
specificity,
versatility,
rapid
large-scale
development
capability,
low-cost
manufacturing
potential,
safety.
Recent
technological
advances
vaccine
design
delivery
have
accelerated
vaccines’
clinical
application.
In
this
review,
we
present
various
platforms
with
focus
on
nucleic
acid
vaccines.
We
discuss
rational
optimization
strategies
for
development.
highlight
the
available
lipid
nanoparticles
(LNPs)
based
systems.
Finally,
limitations
future
challenges.
Abstract
Immunotherapies
have
revolutionized
the
treatment
paradigms
of
various
types
cancers.
However,
most
these
immunomodulatory
strategies
focus
on
harnessing
adaptive
immunity,
mainly
by
inhibiting
immunosuppressive
signaling
with
immune
checkpoint
blockade,
or
enhancing
immunostimulatory
bispecific
T
cell
engager
and
chimeric
antigen
receptor
(CAR)-T
cell.
Although
agents
already
achieved
great
success,
only
a
tiny
percentage
patients
could
benefit
from
immunotherapies.
Actually,
immunotherapy
efficacy
is
determined
multiple
components
in
tumor
microenvironment
beyond
immunity.
Cells
innate
arm
system,
such
as
macrophages,
dendritic
cells,
myeloid-derived
suppressor
neutrophils,
natural
killer
unconventional
also
participate
cancer
evasion
surveillance.
Considering
that
cornerstone
antitumor
response,
utilizing
immunity
provides
potential
therapeutic
options
for
control.
Up
to
now,
exploiting
agonists
stimulator
interferon
genes,
CAR-macrophage
-natural
therapies,
metabolic
regulators,
novel
exhibited
potent
activities
preclinical
clinical
studies.
Here,
we
summarize
latest
insights
into
roles
cells
discuss
advances
arm-targeted
strategies.
Biomarker Research,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
12(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 16, 2024
Abstract
As
a
newly
identified
checkpoint,
T
cell
immunoreceptor
with
immunoglobulin
and
tyrosine-based
inhibitory
motif
(ITIM)
domain
(TIGIT)
is
highly
expressed
on
CD4
+
cells,
CD8
natural
killer
(NK)
regulatory
cells
(Tregs),
tumor-infiltrating
lymphocytes
(TILs).
TIGIT
has
been
associated
NK
exhaustion
in
vivo
individuals
various
cancers.
It
not
only
modulates
survival
but
also
mediates
exhaustion.
the
primary
ligand
of
humans,
CD155
may
be
main
target
for
immunotherapy
due
to
its
interaction
TIGIT.
found
that
anti-programmed
death
protein
1
(PD-1)
treatment
response
cancer
correlated
Anti-TIGIT
alone
combination
anti-PD-1
agents
have
tested
immunotherapy.
Although
two
clinical
studies
advanced
lung
had
positive
results,
TIGIT-targeted
antibody,
tiragolumab,
recently
failed
new
trials.
In
this
review,
we
highlight
current
developments
discuss
characteristics
functions
Journal of Hematology & Oncology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
18(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2025
The
tumor
microenvironment
(TME)
is
integral
to
cancer
progression,
impacting
metastasis
and
treatment
response.
It
consists
of
diverse
cell
types,
extracellular
matrix
components,
signaling
molecules
that
interact
promote
growth
therapeutic
resistance.
Elucidating
the
intricate
interactions
between
cells
TME
crucial
in
understanding
progression
challenges.
A
critical
process
induced
by
epithelial-mesenchymal
transition
(EMT),
wherein
epithelial
acquire
mesenchymal
traits,
which
enhance
their
motility
invasiveness
progression.
By
targeting
various
components
TME,
novel
investigational
strategies
aim
disrupt
TME's
contribution
EMT,
thereby
improving
efficacy,
addressing
resistance,
offering
a
nuanced
approach
therapy.
This
review
scrutinizes
key
players
emphasizing
avenues
therapeutically
components.
Moreover,
article
discusses
implications
for
resistance
mechanisms
highlights
current
toward
modulation
along
with
potential
caveats.
Cancers,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
14(4), С. 1092 - 1092
Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2022
The
central
nervous
system
(CNS)
represents
a
complex
network
of
different
cells,
such
as
neurons,
glial
and
blood
vessels.
In
tumor
pathology,
cells
result
in
the
highest
number
cancers,
glioblastoma
(GB)
is
considered
most
lethal
this
region.
development
GB
leads
to
infiltration
healthy
tissue
through
interaction
between
all
elements
brain
network.
This
results
microenvironment,
peritumoral
hallo
composed
several
non-tumor
(e.g.,
stem
fibroblasts,
vascular
immune
cells),
which
might
be
principal
factor
for
ineffective
treatment
due
fact
that
microenvironment
modulates
biologic
status
with
increase
its
evasion
capacity.
Crosstalk
glioma
finally
inhibits
beneficial
action
molecular
pathways,
favoring
invasion
increasing
resistance
treatment.
A
deeper
understanding
cell-cell
interactions
(TME)
could
basis
more
efficient
therapy.
Cancers,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
14(20), С. 5163 - 5163
Опубликована: Окт. 21, 2022
Personalized
neoantigen
vaccines
are
a
highly
specific
cancer
treatment
designed
to
induce
robust
cytotoxic
T-cell
attack
against
patient’s
antigens.
In
this
study,
we
searched
ClinicalTrials.gov
for
vaccine
clinical
trials
and
systematically
analyzed
them,
total
of
147
trials.
Peptide
the
largest
type,
comprising
up
41%
However,
mRNA
growing
group,
especially
in
most
recent
The
common
types
glioma,
lung
cancer,
malignant
melanoma,
being
seen
more
than
half
Small-cell
non-small-cell
individual
types.
According
results
from
trials,
work
best
when
combined
with
other
treatments,
popular
combination
treatments
include
immune
checkpoint
inhibitors,
chemotherapy,
radiation
therapy.
Additionally,
an
adjuvant
boost
effects,
poly-ICLC
recurrent
choice.
This
study
clarifies
rapid
trial
development
personalized
as
emerging
class
increasingly
diversified
opportunities
classes,
indications,
combinatorial
treatments.
Recent
advances
in
neoantigen
research
have
accelerated
the
development
of
tumor
immunotherapies,
including
adoptive
cell
therapies
(ACTs),
cancer
vaccines
and
antibody-based
therapies,
particularly
for
solid
tumors.
With
next-generation
sequencing
bioinformatics
technology,
rapid
identification
prediction
tumor-specific
antigens
(TSAs)
has
become
possible.
Compared
with
tumor-associated
(TAAs),
highly
immunogenic
TSAs
provide
new
targets
personalized
immunotherapy
can
be
used
as
prospective
indicators
predicting
patient
survival,
prognosis,
immune
checkpoint
blockade
response.
Here,
characterization
neoantigens
clinical
application
neoantigen-based
TCR-T
strategies
are
summarized,
current
status,
inherent
challenges,
translational
potential
these
discussed.
Experimental Hematology and Oncology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
12(1)
Опубликована: Сен. 22, 2023
Prostate
cancer
(PC)
is
one
of
the
most
common
cancers
in
males
and
fifth
leading
reason
death.
Age,
ethnicity,
family
history,
genetic
defects
are
major
factors
that
determine
aggressiveness
lethality
PC.
The
African
population
at
highest
risk
developing
high-grade
It
can
be
challenging
to
distinguish
between
low-risk
high-risk
patients
due
slow
progression
Prostate-specific
antigen
(PSA)
a
revolutionary
discovery
for
identification
However,
it
has
led
an
increase
over
diagnosis
treatment
PC
past
few
decades.
Even
if
modifications
made
standard
PSA
testing,
specificity
not
been
found
significant.
Our
understanding
genetics
proteomics
improved
advances
different
fields.
New
serum,
urine,
tissue
biomarkers,
such
as
3
(PCA3),
have
various
new
diagnostic
tests,
prostate
health
index,
4K
score,
PCA3.
These
tests
significantly
reduce
number
unnecessary
repeat
biopsies
performed.
Chemotherapy,
radiotherapy,
prostatectomy
options.
newer
novel
hormone
therapy
drugs
with
better
response
identified.
Androgen
deprivation
hormonal
evolving
options
managing
hormone-sensitive
castration-resistant
This
review
aimed
highlight
discuss
epidemiology,
factors,
developments
regimens.
International Journal of Nanomedicine,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
Volume 18, С. 4521 - 4539
Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2023
Abstract:
Macrophages
play
a
critical
role
in
the
immune
response
due
to
their
ability
recognize
and
remove
pathogens,
as
well
present
antigens,
which
are
involved
inflammation,
but
they
also
one
of
most
abundant
cell
populations
tumor
microenvironment.
In
recent
years,
macrophages
have
become
promising
cellular
carriers
for
drug
nanoparticle
delivery
microenvironment,
mainly
natural
properties
such
biocompatibility,
degradability,
lack
immunogenicity,
long
half-life
circulation,
crossing
biological
barriers,
possibility
migration
accumulation
at
site
inflammation
tumor.
For
effectiveness
this
therapeutic
strategy,
known
"Trojan
horse",
it
is
important
that
nanoparticles
engulfed
by
do
not
affect
proper
functioning.
our
review,
we
discussed
how
size,
shape,
chemical
mechanical
influence
internalization
macrophages.
addition,
described
research
utilizing
macrophages,
membranes
macrophage-derived
exosomes
anticancer
therapy.
As
prospect
wider
use
postulate
its
future
application
boron
environment
neutron
capture
Keywords:
carriers,
therapy,
therapy
