A Personalized Cancer Nanovaccine that Enhances T‐Cell Responses and Efficacy Through Dual Interactions with Dendritic Cells and T Cells

Advanced Materials, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 35(49)

Опубликована: Июль 29, 2023

Abstract Conventional approaches to developing therapeutic cancer vaccines that primarily activate tumor‐specific T cells via dendritic (DCs) often demonstrate limited efficacy due the suboptimal activation of these cells. To address this limitation, here a nanovaccine is developed enhances cell responses by interacting with both DCs and The based on membrane nanoparticle (CCM‐MPLA) utilizes monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) as an adjuvant. allow direct interaction between cells, anti‐CD28 antibodies (aCD28) are conjugated onto CCM‐MPLA, resulting in CCM–MPLA–aCD28. This activates CD8 + presence absence DCs. Compared nanovaccines interact either (CCM–MPLA) or (CCM–aCD28), CCM–MPLA–aCD28 induces more potent exhibits higher antitumor tumor‐bearing mice. No differences efficiency observed CCM–MPLA CCM–aCD28. approach may lead development effective personalized prepared from autologous

Язык: Английский

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Immunotherapies inducing immunogenic cell death in cancer: insight of the innate immune system

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Ноя. 23, 2023

Cancer immunotherapies include monoclonal antibodies, cytokines, oncolytic viruses, cellular therapies, and other biological synthetic immunomodulators. These are traditionally studied for their effect on the immune system’s role in eliminating cancer cells. However, some of these therapies have unique ability to directly induce cytotoxicity cells by inducing immunogenic cell death (ICD). Unlike general stimulation, ICD triggers specific therapy-induced pathways, based release damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) from dying tumour activate innate pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) subsequent adaptive responses, offering promise sustained anticancer drug efficacy durable antitumour memory. Exploring how onco-immunotherapies can trigger ICD, enhances our understanding mechanisms potential combination strategies. This review explores complexities immunotherapeutic approaches that highlighting implications system, addressing challenges treatment, emphasising pivotal contemporary research.

Язык: Английский

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Enhanced cellular therapy: revolutionizing adoptive cellular therapy

Experimental Hematology and Oncology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 25, 2024

Enhanced cellular therapy has emerged as a novel concept following the basis of therapy. This treatment modality applied drugs or biotechnology to directly enhance genetically modify cells efficacy adoptive (ACT). Drugs that killing ability immune include checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) / antibody drugs, small molecule inhibitors, immunomodulatory factors, proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC), oncolytic virus (OV), etc. Firstly, overcoming inhibitory tumor microenvironment (TME) can ACT, which be achieved by blocking checkpoint. Secondly, cytokines cytokine receptors expressed genetic engineering added migration and infiltration cells. Moreover, multi-antigen chimeric antigen (CARs) designed specific recognition cell-related antigens, OVs also stimulate release. In addition inserting suicide genes into cells, PROTAC technology used safety switch degradation agent immunosuppressive factors article comprehensively summarizes mechanism, current situation, clinical application enhanced therapy, describing potential improvements

Язык: Английский

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Exosome-based immunotherapy as an innovative therapeutic approach in melanoma

Cell Communication and Signaling, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 22(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 31, 2024

The malignant form of melanoma is one the deadliest human cancers that accounts for almost all skin tumor-related fatalities in its later stages. Achieving an exhaustive understanding reliable cancer-specific markers and molecular pathways can provide numerous practical techniques direct way toward development rational curative medicines to increase lifespan patients. Immunotherapy has significantly enhanced treatment metastatic late-stage melanoma, resulting incredible positive responses therapy. Despite increasing occurrence median survival rate patients with advanced, inoperable terminal disease increased from around six months years. current knowledge tumor microenvironment (TME) interaction immune system resulted swift growth innovative immunotherapy treatments. Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles (EVs), ranging 30 150 nm size, majority cells released them. possess natural advantages such as high compatibility living organisms low potential causing reactions, making them delivering therapeutic agents like chemotherapy drugs, nucleic acids, proteins. This review highlights recent advancements using exosomes approach providing medications melanoma.

Язык: Английский

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Cancer vaccines: Target antigens, vaccine platforms and preclinical models

Molecular Aspects of Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 101, С. 101324 - 101324

Опубликована: Дек. 3, 2024

This review provides a comprehensive overview of the evolving landscape cancer vaccines, highlighting their potential to revolutionize tumor prevention. Building on success vaccines against virus-related cancers, such as HPV- and HBV-associated cervical liver current challenge is extend these achievements prevention non-viral tumors treatment preneoplastic or early neoplastic lesions. analyzes critical aspects preventive anti-cancer vaccination, focusing choice target antigens, development effective vaccine platforms technologies, use various model systems for preclinical testing, from laboratory rodents companion animals.

Язык: Английский

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