Developmental Biology of Uterine Glands1

Biology of Reproduction, Год журнала: 2001, Номер 65(5), С. 1311 - 1323

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2001

All mammalian uteri contain endometrial glands that synthesize or transport and secrete substances essential for survival development of the conceptus (embryo/fetus associated extraembryonic membranes). In rodents, uterine secretory products are unequivocally required establishment receptivity implantation. Analyses ovine gland knockout model support a primary role and, by default, their secretions in peri-implantation development. Uterine adenogenesis is process whereby develop. humans, this begins fetus, continues postnatally, completed during puberty. contrast, primarily postnatal event sheep, pigs, rodents. Typically, involves differentiation budding glandular epithelium from luminal epithelium, followed invagination extensive tubular coiling branching morphogenesis throughout stroma to myometrium. This requires site-specific alterations cell proliferation extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling as well paracrine cell-cell cell-ECM interactions actions specific hormones growth factors. Studies neonatal ungulates implicate prolactin, estradiol-17β, receptors mechanisms regulating adenogenesis. These same appear regulate menstruating primates humans reconstruction functionalis basalis endometrium after menses. sheep hyperplasia hypertrophy occur gestation, presumably provide increasing histotrophic rabbit, pig, servomechanism proposed differentiated function pregnancy sequential ovarian steroid hormones, recognition signals, lactogenic pituitary placenta. That disruption critical organizational periods can alter functional capacity embryotrophic potential adult uterus reinforces importance understanding developmental biology glands. Unexplained high rates embryonic loss livestock may reflect defects due genetic errors, epigenetic influences endocrine disruptors, pathological lesions.

Язык: Английский

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Rheotaxis Guides Mammalian Sperm

Current Biology, Год журнала: 2013, Номер 23(6), С. 443 - 452

Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2013

Язык: Английский

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Prolactin: The New Biology of an Old Hormone

Annual Review of Physiology, Год журнала: 2002, Номер 64(1), С. 47 - 67

Опубликована: Март 1, 2002

▪ Abstract Prolactin (PRL) is a paradoxical hormone. Historically known as the pituitary hormone of lactation, it has had attributed to more than 300 separate actions, which can be correlated quasi-ubiquitous distribution its receptor. Meanwhile, PRL-related knockout models have mainly highlighted irreplaceable role in functions lactation and reproduction, suggests that most other reported target tissues are presumably modulated by, rather strictly dependent on, PRL. The multiplicity PRL actions animals direct opposition paucity arguments suggest involvement human pathophysiology effects on reproduction. Although many experimental data argue for progression some tumors, such breast prostate cancers, drugs lowering circulating levels ineffective. This observation opens new avenues research into understanding whether local production involved tumor growth and, if so, how extrapituitary synthesis regulated. Finally, physiological relevance variants, antiangiogenic 16K-like fragments, needs elucidated. review aimed at critically discussing these recent findings renewed manner should considered multifunctional

Язык: Английский

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The endocrinology of sexual arousal

Journal of Endocrinology, Год журнала: 2005, Номер 186(3), С. 411 - 427

Опубликована: Авг. 31, 2005

The relevance of testosterone, oestradiol and certain peptides (oxytocin (OT), beta-endorphin prolactin (PRL)) to sexual arousal in humans is reviewed. In addition behavioural studies, evidence distribution gonadal steroid receptors the brain limited from imaging are also considered. Testosterone plays a key role adult male, with clear, consistent studies hypogonadal eugonadal men. roles testosterone development arousability, aging less clear. aromatization non-sexual effects which might indirectly influence not well understood. female presents more complex, picture. One possible explanation much greater variability across women responsiveness testosterone. A 'desensitization hypothesis' account for striking gender differences offered. There direct effect on arousability women. extent acts by conversion or increase free yet remains uncertain, partly because multiple sites action most peptides. OT appear have both excitatory inhibitory effects. PRL has been proposed as an factor via inhibition dopaminergic activity, but this inconclusive. Whereas traditional concept 'hormone' continues apply arousal, present complex role.

Язык: Английский

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Prolactin and dopamine: What is the connection? A Review Article

Journal of Psychopharmacology, Год журнала: 2008, Номер 22(2_suppl), С. 12 - 19

Опубликована: Март 1, 2008

Dopamine (DA) holds a predominant role in the regulation of prolactin (PRL) secretion. Through direct effect on anterior pituitary lactotrophs, DA inhibits basally high-secretory tone cell. It accomplishes this by binding to D2 receptors expressed cell membrane lactotroph, activation which results reduction PRL exocytosis and gene expression variety intracellular signalling mechanisms. The hypothalamic dopaminergic neurons, provide gland, are themselves regulated feedback from through short-loop mechanism . A other modulators secretion act at level either disinhibition (e.g. serotonin, GABA, oestrogens opioids) or reinforcing it substance P). All typical antipsychotic medications associated with sustained hyperprolactinaemia due their high affinity for receptor slow dissociation once bound, but atypicals differ quite dramatically propensity cause prolonged levels. Of those that elevation, main causative factor appears be higher peripheral-to-central dopamine potency parent drug its active metabolite risperidone, 9-hydroxy-risperidone amisulpride). Antipsychotics easily cross blood—brain barrier exhibit fast bound do not result hyperprolactinaemia.

Язык: Английский

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Xenoestrogens at Picomolar to Nanomolar Concentrations Trigger Membrane Estrogen Receptor-α–Mediated Ca ²⁺ Fluxes and Prolactin Release in GH3/B6 Pituitary Tumor Cells

Environmental Health Perspectives, Год журнала: 2005, Номер 113(4), С. 431 - 439

Опубликована: Янв. 14, 2005

Xenoestrogens (XEs) are widespread in our environment and known to have deleterious effects animal (and perhaps human) populations. Acting as inappropriate estrogens, XEs thought interfere with endogenous estrogens such estradiol (E2) disrupt normal estrogenic signaling. We investigated the of E2 versus several representing organochlorine pesticides (dieldrin, endosulfan, o',p'-dichlorodiphenylethylene), plastics manufacturing by-products/detergents (nonylphenol, bisphenol A), a phytoestrogen (coumestrol), synthetic estrogen (diethylstilbestrol) on pituitary tumor cell subline GH3/B6/F10, previously selected for expression high levels membrane receptor-alpha. Picomolar nanomolar concentrations both caused intracellular Ca2+ changes within 30 sec administration. Each XE produced unique temporal pattern elevation. Removing from extracellular solution abolished spontaneous XE-induced changes, did 10 microM nifedipine. This suggests that mediate their actions via voltage-dependent L-type channels plasma membrane. None fluxes came stores. each also time- concentration-dependent patterns prolactin (PRL) secretion were largely complete 3 min PRL was blocked by nifedipine, demonstrating correlation between influx secretion. These data indicate at very low concentrations, membrane-initiated CCa2+ increases resulting mechanism similar E2, but distinct potencies could explain abilities endocrine functions.

Язык: Английский

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Prolactin and growth hormone in fish osmoregulation

General and Comparative Endocrinology, Год журнала: 2006, Номер 147(1), С. 24 - 30

Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2006

Язык: Английский

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Focus on prolactin as a metabolic hormone

Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism, Год журнала: 2006, Номер 17(3), С. 110 - 116

Опубликована: Март 7, 2006

Язык: Английский

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Cytokine receptor signaling through the Jak–Stat–Socs pathway in disease

Molecular Immunology, Год журнала: 2007, Номер 44(10), С. 2497 - 2506

Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2007

Язык: Английский

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Male pheromone–stimulated neurogenesis in the adult female brain: possible role in mating behavior.

Nature Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2007, Номер 10(8), С. 1003 - 1011

Опубликована: Июль 1, 2007

Язык: Английский

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