Evening use of light-emitting eReaders negatively affects sleep, circadian timing, and next-morning alertness

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2014, Номер 112(4), С. 1232 - 1237

Опубликована: Дек. 22, 2014

Significance The use of light-emitting electronic devices for reading, communication, and entertainment has greatly increased recently. We found that the these before bedtime prolongs time it takes to fall asleep, delays circadian clock, suppresses levels sleep-promoting hormone melatonin, reduces amount timing REM sleep, alertness following morning. Use immediately also increases at time, which may lead users delay home. Overall, we portable biological effects perpetuate sleep deficiency disrupt rhythms, both can have adverse impacts on performance, health, safety.

Язык: Английский

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Measuring and using light in the melanopsin age

Trends in Neurosciences, Год журнала: 2013, Номер 37(1), С. 1 - 9

Опубликована: Ноя. 25, 2013

•Photoreceptive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) regulate behavior and physiology.•ipRGCs use melanopsin-dependent intrinsic light responses rod/cone inputs.•The relative contribution of each photoreceptor to evoked is not fully understood.•A method for quantifying presented that accounts complex photoreceptive inputs.•Guidance those designing architectural therapeutic lighting provided. Light a potent stimulus regulating circadian, hormonal, behavioral systems. In addition, therapy effective certain affective disorders, sleep problems, circadian rhythm disruption. These biological effects are influenced by distinct in the eye, melanopsin-containing intrinsically photosensitive (ipRGCs), addition conventional rods cones. We summarize neurophysiology this newly described sensory pathway consider implications measurement, production, application light. A new light-measurement strategy taking account inputs these non-visual proposed researchers, simple suggestions artificial/architectural provided regulatory authorities, manufacturers, designers, engineers. During past three decades, empirical evidence has demonstrated many aspects human physiology illumination [1Aschoff J. Biological Rhythms (Handbook Behavioral Neurobiology No. 4). Plenum, 1981Google Scholar, 2Wurtman R.J. et al.The Medical Effects Light. The New York Academy Sciences, 1985Google 3Wetterberg L. Man. Pergamon Press, 1993Google 4Lam R.W. Beyond Seasonal Affective Disorder: Treatment SAD non-SAD Disorders. American Psychiatric 1996Google Scholar]. Such originate eye but separate from other vision insofar as they unrelated particular spatial patterns exposure, can survive even some blind subjects. Consequently, types have been commonly referred non-image-forming or non-visual. catch-all terms encompass wide array response types. most influential light-induced phase resetting endogenous clocks. Because rhythmicity feature nearly every physiological, metabolic, system, phenomenon brings processes under indirect control. this, term come growing list more acute together ensure day-like physiological state. Thus, example, constricts pupil, suppresses pineal melatonin increases heart rate core body temperature, stimulates cortisol acts neurophysiological stimulant (increasing subjective objective measures alertness psychomotor reaction time, reducing lapses attention). Appreciation basic biology led development number applications. shown anti-depressant properties, particularly treatment seasonal disorder (SAD) its subclinical variant sSAD [3Wetterberg Appropriately timed exposure also developed circadian-rhythm disorders disruption associated with jetlag, shift work, space flight. 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Язык: Английский

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Light as a central modulator of circadian rhythms, sleep and affect

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2014, Номер 15(7), С. 443 - 454

Опубликована: Июнь 11, 2014

Язык: Английский

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Evening exposure to a light-emitting diodes (LED)-backlit computer screen affects circadian physiology and cognitive performance

Journal of Applied Physiology, Год журнала: 2011, Номер 110(5), С. 1432 - 1438

Опубликована: Март 18, 2011

Many people spend an increasing amount of time in front computer screens equipped with light-emitting diodes (LED) a short wavelength (blue range). Thus we investigated the repercussions on melatonin (a marker circadian clock), alertness, and cognitive performance levels 13 young male volunteers under controlled laboratory conditions balanced crossover design. A 5-h evening exposure to white LED-backlit screen more than twice as much 464 nm light emission {irradiance 0,241 Watt/(steradian × m(2)) [W/(sr m(2))], 2.1 10(13) photons/(cm(2) s), range 454 474 nm} non-LED-backlit [irradiance 0,099 W/(sr m(2)), 0.7 nm] elicited significant suppression rise endogenous subjective well objective sleepiness, indexed by reduced incidence slow eye movements EEG low-frequency activity (1-7 Hz) frontal brain regions. Concomitantly, sustained attention, determined GO/NOGO task; working memory/attention, assessed "explicit timing"; declarative memory word-learning paradigm were significantly enhanced compared non-LED condition. Screen quality visual comfort rated same both conditions, whereas tended be considered brighter. Our data indicate that spectral profile emitted impacts physiology, levels. The challenge will design can individually programmed add timed, essential information system humans.

Язык: Английский

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Short-Wavelength Sensitivity for the Direct Effects of Light on Alertness, Vigilance, and the Waking Electroencephalogram in Humans

SLEEP, Год журнала: 2006, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2006

To assess the wavelength-dependent sensitivity of acute effects ocular light exposure on alertness, performance, waking electroencephalogram (EEG), and cortisol.A between-subjects design was employed to compare 460-nm or 555-nm for 6.5 hours during biological night.Intensive Physiological Monitoring Unit, Brigham Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.Sixteen healthy adults (8 women; mean age +/- SD = 23.3 2.4 years).Subjects were exposed equal photon densities (2.8 x 10(13) photons cm(-2) s(-1)) either (n 8) monochromatic hours, 15 minutes after mydriasis.Subjects underwent continuous EEG/electrooculogram recordings completed a performance battery every 30 60 minutes. As compared with those light, subjects had significantly lower subjective sleepiness ratings, decreased auditory reaction time, fewer attentional failures, EEG power density in delta-theta range (0.5-5.5 Hz), increased high-alpha (9.5-10.5 Hz). Light no direct effect cortisol.Short-wavelength alerting indicates that visual photopic system is not primary photoreceptor mediating these responses light. The frequency-specific changes indicate short-wavelength powerful agent immediately attenuates negative both homeostatic sleep pressure circadian drive ability sustain attention.

Язык: Английский

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Alerting effects of light

Sleep Medicine Reviews, Год журнала: 2007, Номер 11(6), С. 453 - 464

Опубликована: Ноя. 17, 2007

Язык: Английский

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Limiting the impact of light pollution on human health, environment and stellar visibility

Journal of Environmental Management, Год журнала: 2011, Номер 92(10), С. 2714 - 2722

Опубликована: Июль 15, 2011

Язык: Английский

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Blue-enriched white light in the workplace improves self-reported alertness, performance and sleep quality

Scandinavian Journal of Work Environment & Health, Год журнала: 2008, Номер 34(4), С. 297 - 306

Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2008

Objectives Specifications and standards for lighting installations in occupational settings are based on the spectral sensitivity of classical visual system do not take into account recently discovered melanopsin-based, blue-light-sensitive photoreceptive system. The authors investigated effects exposure to blue-enriched white light during daytime workhours an office setting. Methods experiment was conducted 104 white-collar workers two floors. After baseline assessments under existing conditions, every participant exposed new each lasting 4 weeks. One consisted (17 000 K) other (4000 K). order balanced between Questionnaire rating scales were used assess alertness, mood, sleep quality, performance, mental effort, headache eye strain, mood throughout 8-week intervention. Results Altogether 94 participants [mean age 36.4 (SD 10.2) years] included analysis. Compared with K), improved subjective measures alertness (P<0.0001), positive (P=0.0001), performance evening fatigue irritability (P=0.004), concentration discomfort (P=0.002). Daytime sleepiness reduced quality nocturnal (P=0.016) light. When participants’ expectation about effect treatments entered analysis as a covariate, significant persisted fatigue, irritability, difficulty focusing, concentrating, blurred vision. Conclusions Exposure improves fatigue.

Язык: Английский

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Light as a modulator of cognitive brain function

Trends in Cognitive Sciences, Год журнала: 2009, Номер 13(10), С. 429 - 438

Опубликована: Сен. 13, 2009

Язык: Английский

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Non-Visual Effects of Light on Melatonin, Alertness and Cognitive Performance: Can Blue-Enriched Light Keep Us Alert?

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2011, Номер 6(1), С. e16429 - e16429

Опубликована: Янв. 26, 2011

Background Light exposure can cascade numerous effects on the human circadian process via non-imaging forming system, whose spectral relevance is highest in short-wavelength range. Here we investigated if commercially available compact fluorescent lamps with different colour temperatures impact alertness and cognitive performance. Methods Sixteen healthy young men were studied a balanced cross-over design light of 3 settings (compact 40 lux at 6500K 2500K incandescent 3000K) during 2 h evening. Results Exposure to induced greater melatonin suppression, together enhanced subjective alertness, well-being visual comfort. With respect performance, led significantly faster reaction times tasks associated sustained attention (Psychomotor Vigilance GO/NOGO Task), but not executive function (Paced Visual Serial Addition Task). This improvement was strongly related attenuated salivary levels, particularly for condition 6500K. Conclusions Our findings suggest that sensitivity alerting response polychromatic levels as low lux, blue-shifted relative three-cone photopic system. Thus, selection lights impacts physiology performance home workplace.

Язык: Английский

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