The Effects of Weather on Avian Growth and Implications for Adaptation to Climate Change

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 9

Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2021

Climate change is forecasted to generate a range of evolutionary changes and plastic responses. One important aspect avian responses climate how weather conditions may nestling growth development. Early life sensitive environmental effects can potentially have long-lasting on adult phenotypes fitness. A detailed understanding both when affect the entire trajectory help predict population in demography under change. This review covers three main topics impacts variation (air temperature, rainfall, wind speed, solar radiation) growth. Firstly, we highlight why might be adaptation to, persistence in, environments altered by Secondly, documented curves. We investigate altricial precocial species, but find limited number studies species wild. Increasing temperatures rainfall mixed growth, while increasing windspeeds tend negative rate open cup nesting species. Thirdly, discuss evolution traits suggest that more estimates inheritance selection acting natural settings are needed make predictions. predictions will improved considering concurrently changing pressures like urbanization. The importance adaptive or depend where located geographically species’ life-history. Detailed characterization patterns answer whether frequently plays role adaption

Язык: Английский

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The role of plumage and heat dissipation areas in thermoregulation in doves

Journal of Experimental Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 228(4)

Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2025

ABSTRACT Avian plumage contributes to the regulation of body temperature. In most climates, avian heat dissipation occurs passively via radiation, conduction and convection owing thermal gradient between environment animal. The muscles that power flight also produce significant must be dissipated. How areas with sparse or no feathers (termed ‘heat areas’, HDAs) interact these mechanisms is unclear. We examined role as an insulator, dissipator, in ringed turtle-doves (Streptopelia risoria) under four regimes: resting, post-flight, heating radiative lamps, cooling wind. measured internal temperature skin-level (under plumage) using PIT tags alongside surface a imaging camera. Flight increased by 0.6°C compared but other treatments did not have effects. during wind exposure was 1.6°C cooler than conditions. HDAs changed area above 35°C maximum among treatments. Post-flight radiant heating, birds HDA – notably at wing. During simulated produced fan, beak wing were eliminated, reduced. Our results demonstrate modulate active maintain consistent core temperatures induced challenges. They promote caution for extrapolating from images infer birds.

Язык: Английский

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Avian Reproduction in a Warming World

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 8

Опубликована: Окт. 8, 2020

Weather influences both the distribution and life-history strategies of birds. Temperature ranks amongst more important weather parameters in this regard since warming springs temperate high latitudes frequent heat-waves globally have caused major changes breeding phenology negatively affected adult juvenile survival, respectively. Both long-term stochastic temperature can fundamental consequences for avian reproduction even when effects are not lethal, such as via thermal constraints on parental provisioning chick growth. To date, most what we know about nestling development effort during is based correlative data. In addition, an increasing amount evidence indicates that change also significantly affects birds breed cooler areas, which so far has been somewhat overlooked. Therefore, perspective piece, outline existing literature behaviour, with emphasis needs to be done address causal under climate change. We finish by providing outlook over future avenues research, give suggestions some specific areas might especially promising developing field research.

Язык: Английский

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Limited heat tolerance in an Arctic passerine: Thermoregulatory implications for cold‐specialized birds in a rapidly warming world

Ecology and Evolution, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 11(4), С. 1609 - 1619

Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2021

Abstract Arctic animals inhabit some of the coldest environments on planet and have evolved physiological mechanisms for minimizing heat loss under extreme cold. However, is warming faster than global average how well tolerate even moderately high air temperatures ( T a ) unknown. Using flow‐through respirometry, we investigated tolerance evaporative cooling capacity snow buntings Plectrophenax nivalis ; ≈31 g, N = 42), cold specialist, songbird. We exposed to increasing measured body temperature b ), resting metabolic rate (RMR), rates water (EWL), efficiency (the ratio production). Buntings had an (± SD 41.3 ± 0.2°C at thermoneutral increased maximum 43.5 0.3°C. started panting 33.2 1.7°C, with rapid increases in EWL starting 34.6°C, meaning they experienced stress when were below their temperature. Maximum only 2.9× baseline , markedly lower increase seen more heat‐tolerant arid‐zone species (e.g., ≥4.7× rates). Heat‐stressed also low efficiencies, 95% individuals unable evaporatively dissipate amount equivalent own production. Our results suggest that buntings’ well‐developed may come cost reduced tolerance. As warms, this other experience periods stress, limited force birds increasingly rely behavioral thermoregulation, such as activity, expense diminished performance or reproductive investment.

Язык: Английский

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Inconsistent shifts in warming and temperature variability are linked to reduced avian fitness

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 16, 2023

As the climate has warmed, many birds have advanced their breeding timing. However, as change also changes temperature distributions, earlier might increase nestling exposure to either extreme heat or cold. Here, we combine >300,000 records from 24 North American with historical data understand how temperatures changed. Average spring increased since 1950 but in timing of extremes was inconsistent direction and magnitude; thus, populations could not track both average temperatures. Relative fitness reduced following heatwaves cold snaps 11 16 species, respectively. Latitudinal variation sensitivity three widespread species suggests that vulnerability at range limits may contribute shifts. Our results add evidence demonstrating understanding individual its links population level processes is critical for predicting changing climates.

Язык: Английский

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Interacting effects of cold snaps, rain, and agriculture on the fledging success of a declining aerial insectivore

Ecological Applications, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 32(7)

Опубликована: Апрель 27, 2022

Abstract Climate change predicts the increased frequency, duration, and intensity of inclement weather periods such as unseasonably low temperatures (i.e., cold snaps) prolonged precipitation. Many migratory species have advanced phenology important life history stages and, a result, are likely to be exposed these spring more often, therefore risking reduced fitness population growth. For declining avian species, including aerial insectivores, anthropogenic landscape changes agricultural intensification another driver declines. These may affect foraging ability food provisioning parents reduce survival nestlings through, for example, pesticide exposure impairing thermoregulation punctual anorexia. Breeding in agro‐intensive landscapes exacerbate negative effects under climate change. We observed that significant reduction availability insect prey occurred when daily maximum fell below 18.3°C, thereby defined any day temperature this value witnessing snap. then combined information on occurrence snaps measures precipitation assess their impact fledging success Tree Swallows ( Tachycineta bicolor ) occupying nest box system placed across gradient intensification. Estimated insectivore was 36.2% lower broods experiencing 4 cold‐snap days during 12 post‐hatching period versus none, relationship worsened facing further found overall brood exacerbated landscapes. Our results indicate two primary hypothesized drivers many declines interact increase rate certain contexts.

Язык: Английский

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Experimental nest cooling reveals dramatic effects of heatwaves on reproduction in a Mediterranean bird of prey

Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 29(19), С. 5552 - 5567

Опубликована: Июль 19, 2023

Future climatic scenarios forecast increases in average temperatures as well the frequency, duration, and intensity of extreme events, such heatwaves. Whereas behavioral adjustments can buffer direct physiological fitness costs exposure to excessive temperature wild animals, these may prove more difficult during specific life stages when vagility is reduced (e.g., early developmental stages). By means a nest cooling experiment, we tested effects on different reproduction cavity-nesting Mediterranean bird prey, lesser kestrel (Falco naumanni), facing recent increase frequency heatwaves its breeding season. Nest group boxes placed roof terraces was by shading them from sunlight 2 consecutive years (2021 2022). We then compared hatching failure, mortality, nestling morphology between shaded non-shaded (control) boxes. control 3.9°C higher than ones heatwaves, that is, spells air (>37°C for ≥2 days) which hit study area nestling-rearing phase both years. Hatching failure markedly increased with increasing temperature, rising above 50% maximum exceeded 44°C. Nestlings showed mortality (55% vs. 10% boxes) those survived further impaired morphological growth (body mass skeletal size). Hence, occurring period have strong lethal sublethal impacts components avian reproduction, egg growth. More broadly, findings suggest projected future summer heatwave basin elsewhere temperate areas threaten local persistence even relatively warm-adapted species.

Язык: Английский

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Thermal sensitivity of respiration and ROS emission of muscle mitochondria in deer mice

Journal of Comparative Physiology B, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2025

Язык: Английский

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A prenatal acoustic signal of heat affects thermoregulation capacities at adulthood in an arid-adapted bird

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 7, 2022

Abstract Understanding animal physiological adaptations for tolerating heat, and the causes of inter-individual variation, is key predicting climate change impacts on biodiversity. Recently, a novel mechanism transgenerational heat adaptation was identified in desert-adapted bird, where parents acoustically signal hot conditions to embryos. Prenatal exposure “heat-calls” adaptively alters zebra finch development their thermal preferences adulthood, suggesting long-term shift towards heat-adapted phenotype. However, whether such acoustic experience improves thermoregulatory capacities unknown. We measured metabolic rate (MR), evaporative water loss (EWL) body temperature adults exposed stepped profile progressively higher air temperatures (T ) between 27 44 °C. Remarkably, prenatal affected tolerance at with heat-call individuals more likely reach highest T morning trials. This despite MR EWL reaching levels individuals, partly driven by stronger effect moderate activity. At lower , however, had greater relative economy, as expected. They also better recovered mass lost during therefore provide first evidence that signals have consequences heat.

Язык: Английский

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The importance of investigating the impact of simultaneous anthropogenic stressors: the effects of rising temperatures and anthropogenic noise on avian behaviour and cognition

Journal of Avian Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 2024(11-12)

Опубликована: Июль 16, 2024

Rising temperatures and anthropogenic noise are two of the most pervasive well researched stressors affecting avian species globally. Despite often triggering similar behavioural responses in birds, frequently co‐occurring (particularly urban areas), impact these primarily investigated isolation. Here, we discuss compare commonly effects rising on behaviour. We then outline recent findings impacts cognition which underpins many adjustments. find that both high temperatures, when isolation, behaviours such as foraging, antipredator response, interactions with conspecifics. also can lead to cognitive impairment, but occurrence magnitude impairment varies depending trait examined. Finally, limited studies have simultaneously different scenarios additive, synergistic, or antagonistic may occur. hope our review will stimulate researchers investigate simultaneous other behaviour urban‐living wild birds.

Язык: Английский

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