Prevalence and predictors of data and code sharing in the medical and health sciences: systematic review with meta-analysis of individual participant data

BMJ, Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown, С. e075767 - e075767

Опубликована: Июль 11, 2023

To synthesise research investigating data and code sharing in medicine health to establish an accurate representation of the prevalence sharing, how this frequency has changed over time, what factors influence availability.

Язык: Английский

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Empirical evidence of widespread exaggeration bias and selective reporting in ecology

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 7(9), С. 1525 - 1536

Опубликована: Авг. 3, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Current State of Microplastic Pollution Research Data: Trends in Availability and Sources of Open Data

Frontiers in Environmental Science, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 10

Опубликована: Июнь 30, 2022

The rapid growth in microplastic pollution research is influencing funding priorities, environmental policy, and public perceptions of risks to water quality human health. Ensuring that microplastics data are findable, accessible, interoperable, reusable (FAIR) essential inform policy mitigation strategies. We present a bibliographic analysis sharing practices the community, highlighting state openness data. A stratified (by year) random subset 785 6,608 articles indexed Web Science indicates that, since 2006, less than third (28.5%) contained statement. These statements further show most often, were provided articles’ supplementary material (38.8%) only 13.8% via repository. Of 279 datasets found online repositories, 20.4% presented metadata with access requiring additional approval. Although increasing, rate still lags behind publication peer-reviewed on microplastics. About quarter repository originated from North America (12.8%) Europe (13.4%). Marine estuarine environments frequently sampled systems (26.2%); sediments (18.8%) (15.3%) predominant media. available 15.4% 18.2% do not have adequate determine sampling location media type, respectively. discuss five recommendations strengthen community.

Язык: Английский

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Smaller body size under warming is not due to gill-oxygen limitation in a cold-water salmonid

Journal of Experimental Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 227(4)

Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2024

Declining body size in fishes and other aquatic ectotherms associated with anthropogenic climate warming has significant implications for future fisheries yields, stock assessments ecosystem stability. One proposed mechanism seeking to explain such body-size reductions, known as the gill oxygen limitation (GOL) hypothesis, recently been used model impacts of on but not robustly empirically tested. We brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), a fast-growing, cold-water salmonid species broad economic, conservation ecological value, examine GOL hypothesis long-term experiment quantifying effects temperature growth, resting metabolic rate (RMR), maximum (MMR) surface area (GSA). Despite significantly reduced growth at an elevated temperature, allometric slopes GSA were different than 1.0 above those RMR MMR both treatments (15°C 20°C), contrary expectations. also found that effect was time-dependent, contradicting prediction heightened temperatures increase rates reinforcing importance longer-term exposures (e.g. >6 months) fully understand influence acclimation temperature-metabolic relationships. Our results indicate although may be important some aspects temperature-body relationships constraints supply contribute cases, it is unlikely universal explaining ectotherms. suggest research focus alternative mechanisms underlying relationships, projections change yields using models based assumptions interpreted caution.

Язык: Английский

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Slow improvement to the archiving quality of open datasets shared by researchers in ecology and evolution

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 289(1975)

Опубликована: Май 18, 2022

Many leading journals in ecology and evolution now mandate open data upon publication. Yet, there is very little oversight to ensure the completeness reusability of archived datasets, we currently have a poor understanding factors associated with high-quality sharing. We assessed 362 datasets linked first- or senior-authored papers published by 100 principal investigators (PIs) fields over period 7 years identify predictors (data archiving quality). Datasets scored low on these metrics: 56.4% were complete 45.9% reusable. Data reusability, but not completeness, was slightly higher for more recently PIs less seniority. Journal policy, PI gender corresponding author status unrelated quality. However, identity explained large proportion variance (27.8%) (22.0%), indicating consistent inter-individual differences sharing practices across time contexts. Several consistently shared either high quality, most inconsistent how well they shared. One explanation intra-individual variation observed that often conduct research through students postdoctoral researchers, who may be responsible collection, curation archiving. Levels literacy vary among trainees regularly perform quality control files. Our findings suggest management training culture within PI's group are likely important determinants than other such as journal's policy. Greater incentives individual researchers at all career stages could improve enhance transparency reusability.

Язык: Английский

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Fish gill surface area can keep pace with metabolic oxygen requirements across body mass and temperature

Functional Ecology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 38(4), С. 755 - 764

Опубликована: Янв. 21, 2024

Abstract Climate warming is driving the maximum attainable size of many fish species to decrease, yet mechanisms underlying this ‘shrinking’ phenomenon are not well understood. The gill oxygen limitation (GOL) hypothesis perhaps most prominent mechanistic proposition, asserting that, as grow, two‐dimensional surface area (GSA) progressively fails supply enough support continued growth three‐dimensional body—a process exacerbated by increased metabolism associated with warming. However, these ideas have been hotly debated owing limited empirical understanding how GSA develops respect a fish's body mass and requirements. For first time, we addressed knowledge gap rearing Galaxias maculatus for 5 months at normal (15°C) elevated (20°C) summer temperatures, (hyperoxia) or without (normoxia) supplementary oxygen. Quantifying individual metabolic rate traits across sizes encompassing species' ontogeny, found little evidence change in proportion available per unit (termed S metric) no improvements under hyperoxia. Importantly, temperature where should be pronounced, metric did either treatment (allometric exponents were different from 0). These results indicate that gills can grow ways an individual's requirements, contrasting suggestion reductions response climate driven insurmountable geometric constraint gills. Read free Plain Language Summary article on Journal blog.

Язык: Английский

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Data rescue: saving environmental data from extinction

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 289(1979)

Опубликована: Июль 20, 2022

Historical and long-term environmental datasets are imperative to understanding how natural systems respond our changing world. Although immensely valuable, these data at risk of being lost unless actively curated archived in repositories. The practice rescue, which we define as identifying, preserving, sharing valuable associated metadata loss, is an important means ensuring the viability accessibility such datasets. Improvements policies best practices around management will hopefully limit future need for rescue; changes, however, do not apply retroactively. While rescuing new, term lacks formal definition, often conflated with other terms (i.e. reuse), general recommendations. Here, outline seven key guidelines effective rescue historically collected unmanaged We discuss prioritization forming teams, preparing metadata, archiving rescued materials. In era rapid change, policy solutions require evidence from both contemporary historical sources. It is, therefore, that identify preserve at-risk before they science.

Язык: Английский

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The effects of ocean acidification on fishes – history and future outlook

Journal of Fish Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 103(4), С. 765 - 772

Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2023

Abstract The effects of increased levels carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) on the Earth's temperature have been known since end 19th century. It was long believed that oceans' buffering capacity would counteract any dissolved CO in marine environments, but during recent decades, many studies reported detrimental ocean acidification aquatic organisms. most prominent can be found within field behavioural ecology, e.g ., complete reversal predator avoidance behaviour ‐exposed coral reef fish. Some very influential, receiving hundreds citations over years. results also conveyed to policymakers and publicized media outlets for general public. Those extreme fish have, however, spurred controversy, given more than a century research suggests there are few or no negative elevated physiology. This is due sophisticated acid–base regulatory mechanisms should enable their resilience near‐future increases . In addition, an “decline effect” has recently shown literature regarding behaviour, independent groups unable replicate some profound effects. Here, author presents brief historical overview fishes. recap warranted because earlier work, prior ( c. 10 year) explosion interest, often overlooked today's studies, despite its value field. Based data current knowledge status, future strategies with aim improve rigour clarify understanding

Язык: Английский

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No evidence that mandatory open data policies increase error correction

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 6(11), С. 1630 - 1633

Опубликована: Сен. 15, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Gills, growth and activity across fishes

Fish and Fisheries, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(5), С. 730 - 743

Опубликована: Май 18, 2023

Abstract Life history theory suggests that maximum size and growth evolve to maximize fitness. In contrast, the Gill Oxygen Limitation Theory (GOLT) in fishes other aquatic, water‐breathing organisms is constrained by body mass‐scaling of gill surface area. Here, we use new data a novel phylogenetic Bayesian multilevel modelling framework test this idea asking three questions posed GOLT regarding size, gills. Across fishes, ask whether area explains (1) variation von Bertalanffy coefficient ( k ) above beyond explained asymptomatic W ∞ ), (2) performance (a trait integrates tradeoff between (3) more compared activity (as approximated caudal fin aspect ratio). Overall, find there only weak relationship among across species. Indeed, does not explain much (especially for those species reach same or performance. Activity five times Our results suggest factor growth, covariates (e.g. activity) are likely important understanding how life traits vary

Язык: Английский

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