Spike
traits
play
a
pivotal
role
in
determining
wheat
yield.
In
this
study,
two
recombinant
inbred
line
(RIL)
populations
were
employed
to
identify
quantitative
trait
loci
(QTLs)
for
spike
length
(SL),
spikelet
number
per
(SNS),
and
basal
sterile
(BSSN).
A
total
of
30
QTLs
identified,
including
7
major-effect
that
exhibited
stability
across
multiple
environments.
Among
these,
novel
discovered:
QBssn.A-3
A.3
QBssn.AV-5B.2.
Furthermore,
it
was
found
the
combination
these
with
other
major
effect
had
no
impact
on
thousand-kernel
weight
(TKW).
For
A.3,
Kompetitive
Allele-Specific
PCR
(KASP)
marker
developed
validated
based
its
physical
location.
Additionally,
candidate
genes
within
intervals
QBssn.AV-5B.2
predicted,
primarily
associated
spike.
This
study
provides
foundation
future
map-baesd
cloning
related
traits,
breeding
high-yield
varieties.
Journal of Experimental Botany,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
74(1), С. 40 - 71
Опубликована: Ноя. 5, 2022
Identifying
traits
for
improving
sink
strength
is
a
bottleneck
to
increasing
wheat
yield.
The
interacting
processes
determining
and
yield
potential
are
reviewed
visualized
in
set
of
'wiring
diagrams',
covering
critical
phases
development
(and
summarizing
known
underlying
genetics).
Using
this
framework,
we
assembled
the
main
identified
research
gaps
hypotheses
be
tested
achieving
gains
strength.
In
pre-anthesis,
grain
number
could
increased
through:
(i)
enhanced
spike
growth
associated
with
optimized
floret
and/or
reduction
specific
stem-internode
lengths
(ii)
improved
fruiting
efficiency
through
an
accelerated
rate
development,
partitioning
between
spikes,
or
cytokinin
levels.
post-anthesis,
grain,
augmented
manipulation
size
via
ovary
endosperm
cell
division
expansion.
Prospects
vascular
architecture
support
all
rapidly
growing
florets,
enabling
flow
assimilate,
also
discussed.
Finally,
considered
prospects
enhancing
weight
realization
relation
genetic
variation
stay-green
as
well
stem
carbohydrate
remobilization.
wiring
diagrams
provide
workspace
breeders
crop
scientists
achieve
other
field
crops.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
120(19)
Опубликована: Май 1, 2023
Plant
height
is
an
important
agronomic
trait
with
a
significant
impact
on
grain
yield,
as
demonstrated
by
the
positive
effect
of
REDUCED
HEIGHT
(RHT)
dwarfing
alleles
(Rht1b)
lodging
and
harvest
index
in
"Green
Revolution"
wheat
varieties.
However,
these
gibberellic
acid
(GA)-insensitive
also
reduce
coleoptile
length,
biomass
production,
yield
potential
some
environments,
triggering
search
for
alternative
GA-sensitive
genes.
Here
we
report
identification,
validation,
characterization
gene
underlying
locus
RHT25
wheat.
This
gene,
designated
PLATZ-A1
(TraesCS6A02G156600),
expressed
mainly
elongating
stem
developing
spike
encodes
plant-specific
AT-rich
sequence-
zinc-binding
protein
(PLATZ).
Natural
induced
loss-of-function
mutations
plant
its
overexpression
increases
height,
demonstrating
that
causative
RHT25.
RHT1
show
genetic
interaction
their
encoded
proteins
interact
each
other
yeast
protoplasts.
These
results
suggest
PLATZ1
can
modulate
DELLA
height.
We
identified
four
natural
truncation
one
promoter
insertion
are
more
frequent
modern
varieties
than
landraces,
suggesting
selection
during
breeding.
be
used
to
fine-tune
and,
combination
genes,
replace
GA-insensitive
Rht1b
improvements
beyond
those
Green
Revolution
Journal of genetics and genomics/Journal of Genetics and Genomics,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
50(11), С. 835 - 845
Опубликована: Март 11, 2023
Wheat
is
the
most
widely
grown
crop
globally,
providing
20%
of
daily
consumed
calories
and
protein
content
around
world.
With
growing
global
population
frequent
occurrence
extreme
weather
caused
by
climate
change,
ensuring
adequate
wheat
production
essential
for
food
security.
The
architecture
inflorescence
plays
a
crucial
role
in
determining
grain
number
size,
which
key
trait
improving
yield.
Recent
advances
genomics
gene
cloning
techniques
have
improved
our
understanding
spike
development
its
applications
breeding
practices.
Here,
we
summarize
genetic
regulation
network
governing
formation,
strategies
used
identifying
studying
factors
affecting
architecture,
progress
made
applications.
Additionally,
highlight
future
directions
that
will
aid
regulatory
mechanistic
study
determination
targeted
yield
improvement.
Current Biology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
34(11), С. 2330 - 2343.e4
Опубликована: Май 22, 2024
Photoperiod
insensitivity
has
been
selected
by
breeders
to
help
adapt
crops
diverse
environments
and
farming
practices.
In
wheat,
insensitive
alleles
of
Photoperiod-1
(Ppd-1)
relieve
the
requirement
long
daylengths
flower
promoting
expression
floral
genes
early
in
season;
however,
these
also
limit
yield
reducing
number
fertility
grain-producing
florets
through
processes
that
are
poorly
understood.
Here,
we
performed
transcriptome
analysis
developing
inflorescence
using
near-isogenic
lines
contain
either
photoperiod-insensitive
or
null
Ppd-1,
during
stages
when
spikelet
is
determined
floret
development
initiates.
We
report
Ppd-1
influences
stage-specific
with
roles
auxin
signaling,
meristem
identity,
protein
turnover,
differentially
expressed
transcripts
identified
bZIP
ALOG
transcription
factors,
namely
PDB1
ALOG1,
which
regulate
flowering
time
architecture.
These
findings
enhance
our
understanding
introduce
new
targets
for
improving
potential.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 19, 2025
ABSTRACT
Wheat
is
an
important
crop
for
global
food
security
and
a
better
understanding
of
the
molecular
mechanisms
driving
spike
spikelet
development
can
inform
engineering
more
productive
varieties.
In
this
study,
we
integrated
single-molecule
fluorescence
in
situ
hybridization
(smFISH)
single-cell
RNA
sequencing
(scRNA-seq)
to
generate
atlas
cell
types
expression
domains
during
early
stages
wheat
development.
We
characterized
spatiotemporal
99
genes
by
smFISH
48,225
cells
at
transition
(W1.5),
late
double
ridge
(W2.5)
lemma
primordia
(W3.25)
stages.
These
were
clustered
into
21
different
domains,
including
four
beneath
developing
spikelets
three
meristematic
regions,
which
consistent
across
sections.
also
identified
differentially
expressed
inflorescence
meristem
terminal
spikelet.
The
study
was
complemented
scRNA-seq
profiling
26,009
from
W2.5
W3.25
that
23
distinct
types.
annotated
clusters
as
meristem,
boundary
cortex,
central
spike,
epidermis,
vasculature
using
known
markers,
co-expression
analysis
selected
correlation
matrices
both
studies.
data
uncovered
associated
with
TCP24
FZP
,
well
AGL6
ULT1.
studies
provided
complementary
tools
characterizing
gene
networks
regulate
development,
supporting
functional
characterization
key
regulatory
genes,
informing
spikes.
Plants,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
11(16), С. 2146 - 2146
Опубликована: Авг. 18, 2022
Grain
protein
content
(GPC)
is
one
of
the
most
important
criteria
to
determine
quality
common
wheat
(Triticum
aestivum).
One
major
obstacles
for
bread
production
negative
correlation
between
GPC
and
grain
yield
(GY).
Previous
studies
demonstrated
that
deviation
from
this
inverse
relationship
highly
heritable.
However,
little
known
about
genetics
controlling
these
deviations
in
wheat.
To
fill
gap,
we
performed
quantitative
trait
locus
(QTL)
analysis
GY,
GPC,
four
derived
GY-GPC
indices
using
an
eight-way
multiparent
advanced
generation
intercross
population
comprising
394
lines.
Interval
mapping
was
conducted
phenotypic
data
up
nine
environments
genotypic
a
20k
single-nucleotide
polymorphism
array.
The
were
heritable
(0.76-0.88)
showed
distinct
correlations
GY
GPC.
revealed
controlled
by
6,
12,
12
unique
QTL,
which
each
explained
only
small
amount
variance
(R2
≤
10%).
Ten
index
QTL
independent
loci
affecting
regions
harboured
several
candidate
genes,
including
Rht-1,
WAPO-A1,
TaTEF-7A,
NRT2.6-7A.
study
confirmed
usefulness
mitigate
breeding,
though
selection
method
should
reflect
their
polygenic
inheritance.
