RNAi-dependent expression of sperm genes in ADL chemosensory neurons is required for olfactory responses in Caenorhabditis elegans

Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11

Опубликована: Июль 11, 2024

Environmental conditions experienced early in the life of an animal can result gene expression changes later its history. We have previously shown that C. elegans animals developmentally arrested and stress resistant dauer stage (postdauers) retain a cellular memory early-life manifests during adulthood as genome-wide expression, chromatin states, altered history traits. One consequence developmental reprogramming postdauer adults is downregulation osm-9 TRPV channel ADL chemosensory neurons resulting reduced avoidance to pheromone component, ascr#3. This response ascr#3 requires principal effector somatic nuclear RNAi pathway, Argonaute (AGO) NRDE-3. To investigate role pathway regulating due stress, we profiled mRNA transcriptome control wild-type nrde-3 mutant adults. found 711 differentially expressed (DE) genes between neurons, 90% which are dependent upon Additionally, identified conserved sequence enriched upstream regulatory sequences NRDE-3-dependent genes. Surprisingly, 214 DE considered “germline-expressed”, including 21 encoding Major Sperm Proteins two sperm-specific PP1 phosphatases, GSP-3 GSP-4. Loss function mutations gsp-3 resulted both aberrant attraction behaviors. also show AGO pseudogene, Y49F6A.1 ( wago-11 ), required for avoidance. Overall, our results suggest small RNAs reproductive program their highlight nexus neuronal networks calibrating neuroplasticity.

Язык: Английский

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Statistical estimation of sparsity and efficiency for molecular codes

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Авг. 15, 2024

A fundamental biological question is to understand how cell types and functions are determined by genomic proteomic coding. basic form of this ask if small families genes or proteins code for types. For example, it has been shown that the collection homeodomain can uniquely delineate all 118 neuron classes in nematode C. elegans. However, unique characterization neither robust nor rare. Our goal paper develop a rigorous methodology characterize molecular codes. We show fact information-theoretic reasons almost any sufficiently large able disambiguate types, property not noise. To quantify discriminative properties codebook more refined way, we new statistics - partition cardinality entropy borrowing ideas from coding theory. prove these data perturbations, then apply elegans example cancer. In worm, transcription factor family distinguished sparsely efficiently compared control randomly selected genes. Furthermore, resolution type identities defined using features increases as worm embryo develops. cancer, perform pan-cancer study where use our interpatient tumor heterogeneity identify chromosome containing HLA melanoma.

Язык: Английский

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A neurotransmitter atlas of C. elegans males and hermaphrodites

Опубликована: Сен. 12, 2024

Mapping neurotransmitter identities to neurons is key understanding information flow in a nervous system. It also provides valuable entry points for studying the development and plasticity of neuronal identity features. In C. elegans system, have been largely assigned by expression pattern analysis pathway genes that encode biosynthetic enzymes or transporters. However, many these assignments relied on multicopy reporter transgenes may lack relevant cis -regulatory therefore not provide an accurate picture usage. We analyzed patterns 16 CRISPR/Cas9-engineered knock-in strains all main types neurotransmitters (glutamate, acetylcholine, GABA, serotonin, dopamine, tyramine, octopamine) both hermaphrodite male. Our reveals novel sites systems within glia, as well non-neural cells. The resulting atlas defines be exclusively neuropeptidergic, substantially expands repertoire capable co-transmitting multiple neurotransmitters, identifies uptake monoaminergic neurotransmitters. Furthermore, we observed unusual co-expression synthesis genes, suggesting existence transmitters. results what constitutes most extensive whole-animal-wide map usage date, paving way better communication specification .

Язык: Английский

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Almost 40 years of studying homeobox genes in C. elegans

Development, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 151(21)

Опубликована: Окт. 30, 2024

ABSTRACT Homeobox genes are among the most deeply conserved families of transcription factor-encoding genes. Following their discovery in Drosophila, homeobox arrived on Caenorhabditis elegans stage with a vengeance. Between 1988 and 1990, just few years after initial flies vertebrates, positional cloning sequence-based searches showed that C. contains HOX cluster genes, an apparent surprise given simplicity non-segmented body plan nematode, as well many other non-clustered all major subfamilies (e.g. LIM, POU, etc.). Not quite 40 later, we have exceptionally deep understanding homeodomain protein expression function elegans, revealing prevalent role nervous system development. In this Spotlight, provide historical perspective non-comprehensive journey through field discuss open questions future directions.

Язык: Английский

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Notch signaling and Bsh homeodomain activity are integrated to diversify Drosophila lamina neuron types

Опубликована: Окт. 2, 2023

Notch signaling is an evolutionarily conserved pathway for specifying binary neuronal fates, yet its mechanism remains elusive. In our accompanying paper, using the Drosophila lamina neurons (L1- L5) as a model, we show that homeodomain transcription factor (HDTF) Bsh specifies L4 and L5 fates. Here test hypothesis enables to differentially specify We asymmetric between newborn neurons, but they are not siblings; rather, in due Delta expression adjacent L1 neurons. While mutually independent, necessary sufficient fate over L5. With signaling, generates distinct open chromatin landscape which results genome-binding loci, leading L4-specific gene transcription. propose HDTF function integrated diversify types.

Язык: Английский

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