Horticulture Research,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
12(5)
Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2025
Sour
cherry
(Prunus
cerasus
L.)
is
an
economically
significant
species
in
the
Rosaceae
family.
Hitherto,
there
had
been
limited
genetic
and
genomic
resources
to
elucidate
important
horticultural
traits
this
mainly
because
of
complex
polyploid
nature
its
genome,
a
hybrid
between
Prunus
avium
fruticosa.
An
trait
that
has
not
well
studied
sour
resistance
leaf
spot
(CLS),
caused
by
fungus
Blumeriella
jaapii.
This
work
took
advantage
RosBREED
6
+
9
K
SNP
array
study
basis
CLS
inheritance
cherry.
We
established
F
1
segregating
population
crossing
two
cultivars,
'Schattenmorelle'
'Pc
2'
genotyped
both
parents
progeny
with
SSR
markers.
evaluated
for
susceptibility
under
field
conditions.
The
applied
marker
systems
facilitated
development
parental
maps,
identification
stable
QTLs
associated
resistance,
CLSR_1f
susceptibility,
CLSS_1f,
explaining
40.9%
21.5%,
respectively,
phenotypic
variation
within
population.
mechanism
appears
be
independent
QTL,
CLSR_G4,
previously
identified
P.
canescens,
as
CLSR_G4-QTL
allele
were
identified.
Based
on
our
findings,
we
propose
two-gene
model
involving
which
might
explain
why
some
CLSR_G4-resistant
plants
previous
studies
susceptible.
Horticulture Research,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
6(1)
Опубликована: Апрель 5, 2019
Prior
to
the
availability
of
whole-genome
sequences,
our
understanding
structural
and
functional
aspects
Prunus
tree
genomes
was
limited
mostly
molecular
genetic
mapping
important
traits
development
EST
resources.
With
public
release
peach
genome
others
that
followed,
significant
advances
in
knowledge
underpinnings
ensued.
In
this
review,
we
highlight
key
achievements
genetics
breeding
driven
by
these
sequences.
Within
evolutionary
contexts,
summarize:
(1)
current
status
sequences;
(2)
preliminary
ongoing
work
on
sequence
structure
diversity
genomes;
(3)
analyses
evolution
natural
man-made
selection;
(4)
provide
insight
into
haploblocking
as
a
means
define
genome-scale
patterns
can
be
leveraged
for
trait
selection
pedigree-based
programs
worldwide.
Functionally,
summarize
recent
leverages
sequences
identify
characterize
genes
controlling
22
agronomically
traits.
These
include
phenology,
fruit
quality,
allergens,
disease
resistance,
architecture,
self-incompatibility.
Translationally,
explore
application
sequence-based
marker-assisted
technologies
other
sequence-guided
biotechnological
approaches
crop
improvement.
Finally,
present
publically
available
genomics
data
housed
mainly
Genome
Database
Rosaceae
(GDR)
its
updated
functionalities
future
bioinformatics-based
inquiry.
Abstract
Background
The
release
of
the
first
reference
genome
walnut
(Juglans
regia
L.)
enabled
many
achievements
in
characterization
genetic
and
functional
variation.
However,
it
is
highly
fragmented,
preventing
integration
genetic,
transcriptomic,
proteomic
information
to
fully
elucidate
biological
processes.
Findings
Here,
we
report
new
chromosome-scale
assembly
(Chandler
v2.0)
obtained
by
combining
Oxford
Nanopore
long-read
sequencing
with
chromosome
conformation
capture
(Hi-C)
technology.
Relative
previous
genome,
features
an
84.4-fold
increase
N50
size,
16
chromosomal
pseudomolecules
assembled
representing
95%
its
total
length.
Using
full-length
transcripts
from
single-molecule
real-time
sequencing,
predicted
37,554
gene
models,
a
mean
length
higher
than
annotations.
Most
protein-coding
genes
(90%)
present
both
start
stop
codons,
which
represents
significant
improvement
compared
Chandler
v1.0
(only
48%).
We
then
tested
potential
impact
chromosome-level
on
different
areas
research.
By
studying
proteome
changes
occurring
during
male
flower
development,
observed
that
virtual
v2.0
presents
fewer
artifacts
enabling
identification
pollen
allergen
walnut.
Also,
facilitates
in-depth
studies
intraspecies
diversity
revealing
previously
undetected
autozygous
regions
Chandler,
likely
resulting
inbreeding,
195
genomic
differentiated
between
Western
Eastern
cultivars.
Conclusion
Overall,
will
serve
as
valuable
resource
better
understand
explore
biology.
Horticulture Research,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
6(1)
Опубликована: Апрель 5, 2019
In
2010,
a
major
scientific
milestone
was
achieved
for
tree
fruit
crops:
publication
of
the
first
draft
whole
genome
sequence
(WGS)
apple
(Malus
domestica).
This
WGS,
v1.0,
valuable
as
initial
reference
information,
fine
mapping,
gene
discovery,
variant
and
tool
development.
A
new,
high
quality
GDDH13
v1.1,
released
in
2017
now
serves
apple.
Over
past
decade,
these
WGSs
have
had
an
enormous
impact
on
our
understanding
biological
functioning,
trait
physiology
inheritance,
leading
to
practical
applications
improving
this
highly
valued
crop.
Causal
identities
phenotypes
fundamental
interest
can
today
be
discovered
much
more
rapidly.
Genome-wide
polymorphisms
at
genetic
resolution
are
screened
efficiently
over
hundreds
thousands
individuals
with
new
insights
into
relationships
pedigrees.
High-density
maps
constructed
quantitative
loci
traits
readily
associated
positional
candidate
genes
and/or
converted
diagnostic
tests
breeders.
We
understand
species,
geographical,
genomic
origins
domesticated
precisely,
well
its
relationship
wild
relatives.
The
WGS
has
turbo-charged
application
classical
research
steps
crop
improvement
drives
innovative
methods
achieve
durable,
environmentally
sound,
productive,
consumer-desirable
production.
review
includes
examples
basic
breakthroughs
challenges
using
WGSs.
Recommendations
"what's
next"
focus
necessary
upgrades
data
pool,
use
data,
reach
frontiers
genomics-based
Horticulture Research,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
7(1)
Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2020
Abstract
Breeding
of
apple
is
a
long-term
and
costly
process
due
to
the
time
space
requirements
for
screening
selection
candidates.
Genomics-assisted
breeding
utilizes
genomic
phenotypic
information
increase
efficiency
in
programs,
measurements
phenotypes
different
environments
can
facilitate
application
approach
under
various
climatic
conditions.
Here
we
present
an
reference
population:
REFPOP,
large
collection
formed
534
genotypes
planted
six
European
countries,
as
unique
tool
accelerate
breeding.
The
population
consisted
269
accessions
265
progeny
from
27
parental
combinations,
representing
diversity
cultivated
current
material,
respectively.
A
high-density
genome-wide
dataset
303,239
SNPs
was
produced
combined
output
two
SNP
arrays
densities
using
marker
imputation
with
accuracy
0.95.
Based
on
genotypic
data,
linkage
disequilibrium
low
structure
weak.
Two
well-studied
phenological
traits
horticultural
importance
were
measured.
We
found
marker–trait
associations
several
previously
identified
regions
maximum
predictive
abilities
0.57
0.75
floral
emergence
harvest
date,
With
decreasing
density,
detection
significant
varied
depending
trait
architecture.
Regardless
trait,
10,000
sufficed
maximize
prediction
ability.
confirm
suitability
REFPOP
design
genomics-assisted
breeding,
especially
programs
related
germplasm,
emphasize
advantages
coordinated
multinational
effort
customizing
methods
genomics
era.
Horticulture Research,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
7(1)
Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2020
Abstract
The
Rosaceae
crop
family
(including
almond,
apple,
apricot,
blackberry,
peach,
pear,
plum,
raspberry,
rose,
strawberry,
sweet
cherry,
and
sour
cherry)
provides
vital
contributions
to
human
well-being
is
economically
significant
across
the
U.S.
In
2003,
industry
stakeholder
initiatives
prioritized
utilization
of
genomics,
genetics,
breeding
develop
new
cultivars
exhibiting
both
disease
resistance
superior
horticultural
quality.
However,
rosaceous
breeders
lacked
certain
knowledge
tools
fully
implement
DNA-informed
breeding—a
“chasm”
existed
between
existing
genomics
genetic
information
application
this
in
breeding.
RosBREED
project
(“Ros”
signifying
a
community
initiative,
“BREED”,
indicating
core
focus
on
programs),
addressed
challenge
through
comprehensive
coordinated
10-year
effort
funded
by
USDA-NIFA
Specialty
Crop
Research
Initiative.
was
designed
enable
routine
modern
genetics
technologies
programs,
thereby
enhancing
their
efficiency
effectiveness
delivering
with
producer-required
resistances
market-essential
This
review
presents
synopsis
approach,
deliverables,
impacts
RosBREED,
highlighting
synergistic
global
collaborations
future
needs.
Enabling
developed
are
described,
including
genome-wide
scanning
platforms
DNA
diagnostic
tests.
Examples
use
participants
presented
for
all
stages,
pre-breeding
resistance,
parental
seedling
selection,
elite
selection
advancement.
chasm
now
bridged,
accelerating
improvement.
Fruit
quality
traits
have
a
significant
effect
on
consumer
acceptance
and
subsequently
peach
(Prunus
persica
(L.)
Batsch)
consumption.
Determining
the
genetic
bases
of
key
fruit
is
essential
for
industry
to
improve
increase
Pedigree-based
analysis
across
multiple
pedigrees
can
identify
genomic
basis
complex
direct
implementation
in
marker-assisted
selection.
This
strategy
provides
breeders
with
better-informed
decisions
improves
selection
efficiency
and,
subsequently,
saves
resources
time.
Scientia Horticulturae,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
285, С. 110142 - 110142
Опубликована: Апрель 10, 2021
Apples
are
highly
appreciated
in
terms
of
flavor,
nutritional
and
health-promoting
compounds
associated
with
a
reduced
risk
to
develop
age-related
chronic
diseases.
In
this
study,
155
accessions
Malus
x
domestica
Borkh
from
the
apple
germplasm
collection,
located
at
Experimental
Station
Aula
Dei
NE
Spain,
were
analyzed
during
five
consecutive
years
(2014–2018).
Basic
fruit
quality
traits
including
soluble
solids
content
(SSC),
titratable
acidity
(TA)
ratio
SSC/TA
(ripening
index
-
RI)
obtained.
addition,
biochemical
such
as
total
phenolics
(TPC),
flavonoids
(TFC),
vitamin
C
(Ascorbic
acid
AsA)
relative
antioxidant
capacity
(RAC)
determined.
Statistical
analysis
was
used
determine
differences
trait
values
among
years.
The
well
adapted
local
showed,
general,
higher
average
antioxidants
RAC
compared
foreign
commercial
ones.
A
multivariate
model
fitted
climate
features
each
year
independent
variables.
cluster
then
performed
on
coefficients
space
classify
within
groups.
showed
that
cultivars
(those
not
originating
Spain)
concentrated
two
groups
while
could
be
segregated
had
very
different
profiles.
Furthermore,
they
increased
concentration
bioactive
tended
decrease
temperatures,
solar
radiation.
analyses
emphasized
between
highlighted
main
factors
affecting
metabolite
profiles
characteristics.
Frontiers in Plant Science,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
12
Опубликована: Фев. 25, 2021
Peach
is
one
of
the
most
important
fruit
crops
in
world,
with
global
annual
production
about
24.6
million
tons.
The
United
States
fourth-largest
producer
after
China,
Spain,
and
Italy.
consumption
has
decreased
over
last
decade,
likely
due
to
inconsistent
quality
on
market.
Thus,
marker-assisted
selection
for
traits
highly
desired
fresh
market
peach
breeding
programs
major
goals
RosBREED
project.
ability
use
DNA
information
select
desirable
would
enable
breeders
efficiently
plan
crosses
seedlings
early
process
before
fruiting.
Therefore,
we
assembled
a
multi-locus
genome
wide
association
study
(GWAS)
620
individuals
from
three
public
(Arkansas,
Texas,
South
Carolina).
material
was
genotyped
using
9K
SNP
array
were
phenotyped
phenological
(bloom
date,
ripening
days
bloom)
11
quality-related
(blush,
diameter,
weight,
adherence,
firmness,
redness
around
pit,
texture,
pit
soluble
solid
concentration,
titratable
acidity,
pH)
seasons
(2010,
2011,
2012).
Multi-locus
analyses,
carried
out
mrMLM
4.0
FarmCPU
R
packages,
revealed
total
967
180
quantitative
trait
nucleotides
(QTNs),
respectively.
Among
88
consistently
reliable
QTNs
detected
multiple
GWAS
methods
and/or
at
least
two
seasons,
44
first
time.
Fruit
hotspots
identified
chromosomes
1,
3,
4,
5,
6,
8.
Out
566
candidate
genes
genomic
regions
harboring
QTN
clusters,
435
functionally
annotated.
Gene
enrichment
analyses
68
different
gene
ontology
(GO)
terms
associated
traits.
Data
reported
here
advance
our
understanding
genetic
mechanisms
underlying
further
support
development
tools
breeding.