Key role of environmental competence in successful use of entomopathogenic fungi in microbial pest control

Journal of Pest Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 97(1), С. 1 - 15

Опубликована: Апрель 28, 2023

Abstract One of the main negative effects climate change on biological pest control is alteration relationships between insect pests and their natural enemies (both entomophagous entomopathogenic). Indeed, environmental conditions can have multiple success when using entomopathogenic fungi (EPF), where conidial depletion, inactivation, loss in virulence infectivity all occur. Appropriate mass production formulation strategies for EPF partially solve these problems. However, only strategy to guarantee high selection environmentally competent fungal strains that are able persist host environment required infection period. This review examines criteria EPF. While UV radiation, followed by humidity temperature, probably most important propagule depletion inactivation factors epigeal habitats, temperature critical reducing hypogeal habitats. In addition, geographical origin other biotic abiotic an impact which may competence selected and, therefore, farmer willingness replace chemicals with mycoinsecticides. To achieve this, it urgent promote development microbial solutions adapted relatively uniform climatic zones through more simplified, targeted, less costly approval authorization.

Язык: Английский

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Tropical Occurrence and Agricultural Importance of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae

Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 4

Опубликована: Янв. 29, 2020

Entomopathogenic fungi are often relied on as important components of integrated pest management in tropical agriculture, either biopesticides or naturally occurring microbes conserved the environment. Tropical abiotic conditions well-suited for microbial growth, and habitats can be teeming with biodiversity. However, competitive interactions other need to overcome defenses hosts adapted high fungal loads may inhibit ability insect pathogens control pests. Here, we review current literature Beauveria bassiana Metarhizium anisopliae inhabiting environments their potential use biological agents. In some cases there is not a clear distinction between temperate agroecosystems, such level organic matter soil texture agricultural soils. Therefore, effects these characteristics agroecosystems likely applicable systems well. contrast, factors biodiversity seasonal fluctuation environmental differ dramatically systems. discuss that generalized Where synthesize specifically agroecosystems. We also provide hypotheses stimulate future work latitudinal gradients relative importance biotic governing entomopathogen prevalence community composition. These path forward developing theory guiding conservation augmentation entomopathogenic prevent outbreaks.

Язык: Английский

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Biocontrol efficacy of entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana conidia against agricultural insect pests

Environmental Quality Management, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 34(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2024

Abstract Insect pests are serious threats to agriculture, forestry, and human health because they damage crops trees spread diseases. Chemical insecticides control insect quickly effectively, protecting crops. Environmental concerns arise from their use. Long‐term exposure can cause pesticide‐resistant insects, requiring stronger chemicals. Beneficial insects wildlife may be harmed. Some chemical persist in the environment, causing long‐term ecological damage. The present study was isolate, identify, characterize entomopathogenic fungi soil, evaluate pathogenicity against major species, non‐target effect on soil bioindicator species. Bioassay results show that Beauveria bassiana conidia more pathogenic all three species at 10 days after treatment, 100% mortality Halyomorpha halys Tenebrio molitor within days. lethal concentration showed lower LC50 values of 9.5 × 103 conidia/mL H. , 2.6 T. 8.3×104 P. japonica B. treatment a shortened life time LT50 (6.0 days), (5.3 (6.9 days). concluded efficient pests.

Язык: Английский

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Biotechnological potential of Beauveria bassiana as a source of novel biocatalysts and metabolites

Critical Reviews in Biotechnology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 40(7), С. 1019 - 1034

Опубликована: Авг. 10, 2020

Beauveria bassiana though widely perceived as an entomopathogenic fungus has also been found in nature to be endophytic. As entomopathogens, the life cycle of different B. strains are organized and adapted pathogens their invertebrate hosts while endophytes they maintain a symbiotic relationship with plant hosts. To fulfill these aforementioned ecological roles, this secretes array enzymes well secondary metabolites, which all have significant biological roles. Basically, chitinases, lipases proteases considered most important produced by bassiana. However, studies shown ability produce other vital include amylase, asparaginase, cellulase, galactosidase etc. Previous reports on filamentous laid more emphasis its entomopathogenicity, endophytism highly acclaimed application control pests. This review, however, is first fully assess enzyme-secreting potential use novel source several industrial biocatalysts biochemicals. article highlights inherent properties degrade various biopolymers relative safety for human use. Some factors raised possibilities exploitation production safe gene expression.

Язык: Английский

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Enzymatic, cellular breakdown and lysis in treatment of Beauveria Brongniartii on Spodoptera litura (Fabricius, 1775)

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2025

The current study aimed to isolate Beauveria brongniartii conidia from forest soils, identify the fungus, and evaluate its effectiveness on eggs, larvae, pupae, adults of Spodoptera litura. Insect mortality rates were recorded every 3, 6, 9, 12 days. identification entomopathogenic fungi was carried out using molecular techniques, including PCR, DNA sequencing, markers, detect species-specific 18 S rDNA genetic sequences, all performed under aseptic conditions. results indicated that higher concentrations (2.7 × 109 conidia/mL) exhibited greater virulence, with eggs showing a rate 98.66%, followed by larvae 96%, 90.66%, pupae 77.33% after Probit analysis revealed minimal LC50 LC90 values: (5.5 102; 1.0 106 spores/mL), (8.2 1.2 107 (9.6 104; 7.3 1010 (1.0 103; 2.0 108 spores/mL). total hemocyte counts detailed observational B. induces cellular breakdown cell lysis in S. litura producing enzymes degrade cuticle membranes. Earthworm bioindicator studies showed effects compared controls, while chemical treatments resulted 96% at 100 ppm. Histopathological examinations no significant differences gut tissue between earthworms treated fungal those control group, unlike substantial damage caused treatments. Biochemical alterations enzyme activity, reduced levels phosphatase catalase, as well increased lipid peroxides superoxide dismutase. This highlights controlling litura, demonstrating potential viable biocontrol agent promoting eco-friendly alternatives pesticides, risk non-target species or environment.

Язык: Английский

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Entomopathogenic fungi to control bark beetles: a review of ecological recommendations

Pest Management Science, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 77(9), С. 3841 - 3846

Опубликована: Март 17, 2021

There is considerable interest in applying entomopathogenic fungi as a biological control to limit insect populations due their low environmental and human applicator impacts. However, despite many promising laboratory tests, there are few examples where these were successfully applied manage bark beetles. Here, we explore how conditions unique beetle habitats may have limited previous fungus applications, including variable temperatures, ultraviolet light, symbiotic microorganisms, tree phytochemicals, cryptic behaviors. Based on the existing literature, provide framework for interpreting pathogenicity of beetles, with emphasis both standardizing improving approaches enhance field applications. Our synthesis indicates that most evaluations conducted under not representative actual systems; this render fungal isolates functionally non-pathogenic settings. We recommend future studies place particular effort into understanding entomopathogen response presence plant potential endophyte. Additionally, application methods should aid entomopathogens overcoming stressful allow infect multiple life stages. © 2021 Society Chemical Industry.

Язык: Английский

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Construction and Selection of an Entomopathogenic Fungal Library From Soil Samples for Controlling Spodoptera litura

Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 5

Опубликована: Фев. 9, 2021

Chemical pesticides have been used for pest control many decades, but they cause serious problems, including insecticide resistance, secondary resurgence, and negative environmental impacts. Therefore, sustainable alternatives to chemical are necessary control. Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) natural epizootic pathogens of insects, some them as microbial biocontrol agents. Herein, we attempted construct an entomopathogenic fungal library (EFLib) via the “ Tenebrio molitor pathogenicity-based collection method (TmPC)” select EPF agricultural Spodoptera litura . A total 172 soil samples were collected in northern central Taiwan EFLib construction. The isolation efficiency TmPC was 64.02%. consisted 101 isolates designated National Chung Hsing University (NCHU) EFLib. Among these isolates, 26 showed high virulence (mortality = 100%) T. larvae. Based on results molecular identification, highly virulent belonged seven genera, Beauveria, Clonostachys, Fusarium, Cordyceps, Penicillium, Purpureocillium , Metarhizium To evaluate potential control, 12 selected pathogenicity screening against S. six belonging genera Beauveria rapid eradication rank strains management, subjected thermotolerance conidial production assays, a novel effective conidia number (ECN) formula applied. indicated that ECN index australis (NCHU-113) much higher than isolates. However, among NCHU-95 highest index. Altogether, NCHU-69 NCHU-113 should be further tested field trials. our knowledge, this is first attempt integrate or data into ranking, providing baseline mass selection applications.

Язык: Английский

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Encapsulation of B. bassiana in Biopolymers: Improving Microbiology of Insect Pest Control

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12

Опубликована: Авг. 16, 2021

The fungus Beauveria bassiana is widely used for pest control; however, biostability and dispersion broth pulverization are limiting factors its application in the field. In this context, formulation techniques such as microencapsulation viable alternatives. aim of work to optimize B. formulations by spray dryer evaluate stability biological activity against Spodoptera cosmioides compared ionic gelatinization formulations. was biocompatible with all evaluated biopolymers (lignin, cellulose, starch, humic substances, alginate). encapsulation drying optimized factorial design an inlet outlet air temperature 120°C 68°C, respectively; aspirator rate 35 m 3 ·h −1 , feed flow 12 mL·min ; gas at L·h . gelation capsules were obtained using a 0.5% quantity conidia 1% sodium alginate solution dropped into 0.5 mol·L CaCl 2 peristaltic pump. Spray provided smaller microcapsules than those gelation. Both produced more stable when exposed UV-radiation non-formulated prepared showed gains aqueous dispersion. Biological assays mortality up 90%. These results demonstrate suitability encapsulating stably without loss viability virulence.

Язык: Английский

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Thermal response and horizontal transmission of cameroonian isolates of the entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae – Candidates for microbial controls of the banana root borer Cosmopolites sordidus

Fungal ecology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 50, С. 101042 - 101042

Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Selection and characterization of thermotolerant Beauveria bassiana isolates and with insecticidal activity against the cotton‐melon aphid Aphis gossypii (Glover) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Pest Management Science, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 78(6), С. 2183 - 2195

Опубликована: Фев. 22, 2022

Cotton-melon aphid Aphis gossypii (Glover) causes severe damage mainly to cucurbits. Twenty-two Beauveria sp. isolates were simultaneously assessed for their pathogenicity and heat tolerance. The selected identified molecularly characterized in terms of conidial germination rate, mycelial growth, yield endophytic activity.Screening bioassays showed that the B. bassiana B3, B7, B9 B12 most toxic, inducing mortality equal or slightly higher than commercialized strain BNat (70.7%). Median lethal concentration (LC50 ) revealed only isolate had a significantly lower LC50 value (5.4 × 105 conidia ml-1 (5 106 ). tolerance screening test (1 h exposure 45°C) allowed us select with rates 57.5% 80.1% after 24 incubation at 25°C, all (22.1%). decreased 2 45°C, exception which displayed highest thermotolerance (72% germination). four able endophytically colonize cucumber leaves when applied foliage. Inoculation plants did not affect plant growth. However, several growth parameters improved 5 weeks root inoculation.On basis its potent toxicity thermotolerance, is good candidate further development as biopesticide use integrated pest management strategies control. © 2022 Society Chemical Industry.

Язык: Английский

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