Bioassays of Beauveria bassiana Isolates against the Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda

Journal of Fungi, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 8(7), С. 717 - 717

Опубликована: Июль 8, 2022

The control of Spodoptera frugiperda, the key invasive pest maize, is a serious concern due to its biology and current global restriction on applying synthetic pesticides. Entomopathogenic fungi are considered be potential biological strategy. pathogenicity 12 isolates Beauveria bassiana in immature stages feeding efficacy S. frugiperda were evaluated. B. QB-3.45, QB-3.46 QB-3.428 caused highest egg mortality rates 87.3, 82.7 79.3%, respectively, when applied at concentration 1 × 108 conidia/mL measured 7 days post-treatment. Neonate 45.6 53.6% observed with same isolates. significant cumulative ranging from 71.3 93.3% 14 post-treatment reduced larval 69.4 77.8% 48 h This study supports using effective as agent against frugiperda. eggs neonatal larvae reduction second instar that treated application entomopathogenic biocontrol for population.

Язык: Английский

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Virulence of entomopathogenic fungi against fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) under laboratory conditions

Frontiers in Physiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Март 8, 2023

Maize is an essential crop of China. The recent invasion Spodoptera frugiperda, also known as fall armyworm (FAW), poses a danger to the country's ability maintain sustainable level productivity from this core crop. Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) Metarhizium anisopliae MA, Penicillium citrinum CTD-28 and CTD-2, Cladosporium sp. BM-8, Aspergillus SE-25 SE-5, CA-7, Syncephalastrum racemosum SR-23 were tested determine their effectiveness in causing mortality second instars, eggs, neonate larvae. P. CTD-28, BM-8 caused highest levels egg mortality, with 86.0, 75.3, 70.0%, respectively, followed by CTD-2 (60.0%). Additionally, M. MA neonatal 57.1%, (40.7%). In addition, decreased feeding efficacy instar larvae FAW 77.8, 75.0, 68.1%, (59.7%). It possible that EPF will play important role microbial agents against after further research conducted on these field.

Язык: Английский

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Synergized Toxicity of Promising Plant Extracts and Synthetic Chemicals against Fall Armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Pakistan

Agronomy, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(6), С. 1289 - 1289

Опубликована: Май 27, 2022

Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a destructive pest of wide array agricultural and horticultural crops worldwide. This in vitro research assessed the combined effect methanolic extracts indigenous flora Soone Valley (Khushab, Pakistan) nine commonly used synthetic insecticides against 3rd instar larvae S. using leaf-dip bioassay method. Toxicity bioassays with twelve plant revealed that Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal, Sophora mollis (Royle) Baker Rhazya stricta Decne. were most effective, exhibiting minimum LC50 LT50 values. Bioassays significantly higher mortality by emamectin benzoate (45%), chlorpyrifos (40%) chlorantraniliprole (38%). Further 10 binary combinations these effective botanical showed seven pesticidal exhibited synergistic toxicity, three comprising an additive on larvae. GC–MS analyses W. somnifera, R. 1,2,4-trimethyl-benzene 3,5-dimethyl-octane, 1-ethyl-2-methyl-benzene, 1-monolinoleoylglycerol trimethylsilyl ether, decane, lupeol as major bioconstituents, respectively. Our results demonstrated combining botanicals can synergize their toxicity larvae, suggesting potential incorporation into future IPM programs other lepidopterous pests.

Язык: Английский

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Biotic Potential Induced by Different Host Plants in the Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Insects, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13(10), С. 921 - 921

Опубликована: Окт. 12, 2022

Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a polyphagous insect pest of many important crops. To evaluate the influence host plants on biology and survival Pakistani population S. frugiperda, we examined life table parameters raised maize, sorghum, wheat, rice. The development rate was significantly higher maize crop than other three plants. Different larval diets affected time fecundity. attained fastest (16 days) slowest (32.74 Adult females from maize-fed larvae laid 1088 eggs/female, those sorghum-fed 591.6 wheat-fed 435.6 rice-fed 49.6 eggs/female. Age stage-specific also indicated fecundity, expectancy, hosts. Larval had significant varying effect finite intrinsic increase rates, reflecting that most suitable diet. findings present study are useful for predicting dynamics especially in areas cultivating Poaceae crops, except to develop sustainable integrated management strategies this pest.

Язык: Английский

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Insecticidal potential and risk assessment of diamide pesticides against Spodoptera frugiperda in maize crops

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 282, С. 116682 - 116682

Опубликована: Июль 13, 2024

The effectiveness, tolerance, and safety of pesticides must be established before their scientific or rational. This study evaluates the field control efficacy broflanilide, tetraniliprole, chlorantraniliprole in combating Spodoptera frugiperda maize crops, as well resistance S. to these three diamide after exposure. By assessing efficiency, toxicity, effects on development reproduction, detoxification enzyme activity frugiperda, highlights broflanilide's significant insecticidal potential. A highly sensitive efficient method using QuEChERS/HPLCMS/MS was developed simultaneously detect residues maize. Initial concentrations ranged from 2.13 4.02 mg/kg, with respective half-lives varying between 1.23 1.51 days. Following foliar application, by time harvest, terminal residue were all under 0.01 mg/kg. Chronic dietary intake risk assessments cumulative chronic exposure for indicated that general population's concentration within acceptable limits. Not only does this research provide valuable insights into effects, resistance, residues, assessment results maize, but additionally, it also paves way setting suitable Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs) values based pre-harvest interval values, rational dosage, application frequency.

Язык: Английский

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Biorationals and Synthetic Insecticides for Controlling Fall Armyworm and Their Influence on the Abundance and Diversity of Parasitoids

Sustainability, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(8), С. 3118 - 3118

Опубликована: Апрель 9, 2024

Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm, FAW) is a significant economic pest of maize in Uganda. Many Ugandan farmers employ synthetic insecticides as their main form control despite the negative impacts these chemicals. We tested effectiveness Beauveria bassiana; General Biopesticide Cocktail (mixture B. bassiana, M. anisopliae, Isaria fumosoroseus, Lecanicillium lecani and Purporeocillium lilacanus three strains Metarhizium Nimbecidine® (azadirachtin 0.03%EC), Roket® (cypermethrin 4% profenofos 40%); Amdocs® (emamectin benzoate 2% abamectin 1%) on fall armyworm parasitoids, respectively, 2020 2021. The treatments with greatest decrease leaf damage infestation were Roket®, followed by Nimbecidine®. biopesticides not always more effective than untreated control, though; efficacy was often lower that botanical pesticides. recovered one egg parasitoid, Telenomus remus, seven egg-larval parasitoids (Coccygidium luteum, Coccygidium sp., Cotesia icipe, Chelonus Micranisa Charops cf. diversipes, an unidentified Tachinidae). Among these, C. cf icipe Tachinidae most abundant. Parasitism low, averaging 10% for masses 5.3% larvae. Application pesticides resulted higher yield when compared control. In general, low population observed. Although parasitoid reduced plots treated percentage parasitism FAW affected. some instances, yields realized plots. Pest management practices compatible biological need to be considered armyworm.

Язык: Английский

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Deciphering the intricacies of chlorantraniliprole, azadirachtin and uniconazole interactions with fall armyworm in maize: a comprehensive analysis through transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling

Pest Management Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 14, 2025

Abstract BACKGROUND Maize is a critically important world staple food, yet its productivity exposed to notorious invasive pest of the fall armyworm ( Spodoptera frugiperda ). To discern transgenerational effects and potential control efficacy, we evaluated chlorantraniliprole, azadirachtin, uniconazole on S. development, reproduction, metabolome, larval transcriptome. RESULTS Exposure has impacted pupation, fecundity, longevity. Biochemical analysis specific enzyme activities [acetylcholinesterase (AChE), carboxylesterase (CarE), glutathione‐S‐transferase (GST), cytochrome P450 (P450)] showed very high magnitude activity changes. Chlorantraniliprole azadirachtin had prominent influences expression common genes involved in DNA replication, oxidative phosphorylation, digestion, immune reaction, endocrine system, as shown by RNA sequencing. In contrast, affected gene regulation only marginally. Besides, pesticides significantly maize plants altering their metabolome transcriptome profiles dramatically enhanced plant mortality, especially after chlorantraniliprole treatments. sequencing treated with revealed significant changes, providing insights into plant's adaptive responses alterations insect–plant interactions. CONCLUSION These results indicate complex, itself plants. findings underline integrating these compounds bio‐intensive management strategies against , implications for enhancing protection. © 2025 Society Chemical Industry.

Язык: Английский

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Lethal, Sub-Lethal and Trans-Generational Effects of Chlorantraniliprole on Biological Parameters, Demographic Traits, and Fitness Costs of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Insects, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13(10), С. 881 - 881

Опубликована: Сен. 28, 2022

Fall armyworm [Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith, 1797)] was first reported in the Americas, then spread to all continents of world. Chemical insecticides are frequently employed managing fall armyworms. These have various modes actions and target sites kill insects. Chlorantraniliprole is a selective insecticide with novel mode action used against Lepidopteran, Coleopteran, Isopteran, Dipteran pests. This study determined chlorantraniliprole’s lethal, sub-lethal, trans-generational effects on two consecutive generations (F0, F1, F2) armyworm. Bioassays revealed that chlorantraniliprole exhibited higher toxicity armyworms LC50 2.781 mg/L after 48 h exposure. Significant differences were noted biological parameters generations. Sub-lethal concentrations showed prolonged larval adult durations. The related fitness cost F0 F1 non-significant differences. In contrast, F2 generation lower fecundity at lethal (71 eggs/female) sub-lethal (94 doses compared control (127.5–129.3 eggs/female). Age-stage specific survival rate (Sxj), life expectancy (Exj) reproductive (Vxj) significantly differed among insecticide-treated groups control. A comparison treated untreated insects over indicated substantial demographic such as net reproduction (R0), intrinsic increase (r), mean time (T). Several shown be negatively impacted by chlorantraniliprole. We conclude may utilized manage lesser risks.

Язык: Английский

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CRISPR/Cas9-Based Functional Characterization of SfUGT50A15 Reveals Its Roles in the Resistance of Spodoptera frugiperda to Chlorantraniliprole, Emamectin Benzoate, and Benzoxazinoids

Insects, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(5), С. 314 - 314

Опубликована: Апрель 26, 2024

UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) are a diverse superfamily of enzymes. Insects utilize uridine diphosphate-glucose (UDP-glucose) as glycosyl donor for glycosylation in vivo, involved the lipophilic endosymbionts and xenobiotics, including phytotoxins. UGTs act second-stage detoxification metabolizing enzymes, which essential metabolism insecticides benzoxazine compounds. However, UGT genes responsible specific functions S. frugiperda unclear at present. In this study, we utilized CRISPR/Cas9 to produce SfUGT50A15-KO strain explore its possible function governing sensitivity chemical or benzoxazinoids. The bioassay results suggested that was significantly more sensitive chlorantraniliprole, emamectin benzoate, benzoxazinoids than wild-type strains. This finding suggests overexpression SfUGT50A15 gene may be linked resistance pesticides (chlorantraniliprole benzoate) well (BXDs).

Язык: Английский

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Effect of isolated compounds from Combretum trifoliatum on toxicity and detoxification enzymes in Nilaparvata lugens

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2025

The brown planthopper (BPH) Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) is a major insect pest of Oryza sativa that causes crop yield loss in tropical regions, including Thailand. In this study, the crude ethanolic extract leaves and branches Combretum trifoliatum , its active isolated components, apigenin camphor, Finopril were tested for their ability to control first fifth instars N. lugens. C. both allelochemicals showed insecticide potential (24 h-LC50 ~ 8.83–95.96 mg/L against each instar extract), toxicity depended on time exposure. Camphor higher efficacy (LD50 4.43 mg/L) not different compared Finopril. All plant compounds reduced carboxylesterase (CE) glutathione-s-transferase (GST) activities. caused greatest decreases CE GST activities after exposure, whereas induced slight change acetylcholinesterase activity. results present study suggest can be used as an manage populations.

Язык: Английский

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