Bioassays of Beauveria bassiana Isolates against the Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda

Journal of Fungi, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8(7), P. 717 - 717

Published: July 8, 2022

The control of Spodoptera frugiperda, the key invasive pest maize, is a serious concern due to its biology and current global restriction on applying synthetic pesticides. Entomopathogenic fungi are considered be potential biological strategy. pathogenicity 12 isolates Beauveria bassiana in immature stages feeding efficacy S. frugiperda were evaluated. B. QB-3.45, QB-3.46 QB-3.428 caused highest egg mortality rates 87.3, 82.7 79.3%, respectively, when applied at concentration 1 × 108 conidia/mL measured 7 days post-treatment. Neonate 45.6 53.6% observed with same isolates. significant cumulative ranging from 71.3 93.3% 14 post-treatment reduced larval 69.4 77.8% 48 h This study supports using effective as agent against frugiperda. eggs neonatal larvae reduction second instar that treated application entomopathogenic biocontrol for population.

Language: Английский

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Virulence of entomopathogenic fungi against fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) under laboratory conditions

Frontiers in Physiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: March 8, 2023

Maize is an essential crop of China. The recent invasion Spodoptera frugiperda, also known as fall armyworm (FAW), poses a danger to the country's ability maintain sustainable level productivity from this core crop. Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) Metarhizium anisopliae MA, Penicillium citrinum CTD-28 and CTD-2, Cladosporium sp. BM-8, Aspergillus SE-25 SE-5, CA-7, Syncephalastrum racemosum SR-23 were tested determine their effectiveness in causing mortality second instars, eggs, neonate larvae. P. CTD-28, BM-8 caused highest levels egg mortality, with 86.0, 75.3, 70.0%, respectively, followed by CTD-2 (60.0%). Additionally, M. MA neonatal 57.1%, (40.7%). In addition, decreased feeding efficacy instar larvae FAW 77.8, 75.0, 68.1%, (59.7%). It possible that EPF will play important role microbial agents against after further research conducted on these field.

Language: Английский

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Synergized Toxicity of Promising Plant Extracts and Synthetic Chemicals against Fall Armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Pakistan

Agronomy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(6), P. 1289 - 1289

Published: May 27, 2022

Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a destructive pest of wide array agricultural and horticultural crops worldwide. This in vitro research assessed the combined effect methanolic extracts indigenous flora Soone Valley (Khushab, Pakistan) nine commonly used synthetic insecticides against 3rd instar larvae S. using leaf-dip bioassay method. Toxicity bioassays with twelve plant revealed that Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal, Sophora mollis (Royle) Baker Rhazya stricta Decne. were most effective, exhibiting minimum LC50 LT50 values. Bioassays significantly higher mortality by emamectin benzoate (45%), chlorpyrifos (40%) chlorantraniliprole (38%). Further 10 binary combinations these effective botanical showed seven pesticidal exhibited synergistic toxicity, three comprising an additive on larvae. GC–MS analyses W. somnifera, R. 1,2,4-trimethyl-benzene 3,5-dimethyl-octane, 1-ethyl-2-methyl-benzene, 1-monolinoleoylglycerol trimethylsilyl ether, decane, lupeol as major bioconstituents, respectively. Our results demonstrated combining botanicals can synergize their toxicity larvae, suggesting potential incorporation into future IPM programs other lepidopterous pests.

Language: Английский

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Biotic Potential Induced by Different Host Plants in the Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Insects, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(10), P. 921 - 921

Published: Oct. 12, 2022

Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a polyphagous insect pest of many important crops. To evaluate the influence host plants on biology and survival Pakistani population S. frugiperda, we examined life table parameters raised maize, sorghum, wheat, rice. The development rate was significantly higher maize crop than other three plants. Different larval diets affected time fecundity. attained fastest (16 days) slowest (32.74 Adult females from maize-fed larvae laid 1088 eggs/female, those sorghum-fed 591.6 wheat-fed 435.6 rice-fed 49.6 eggs/female. Age stage-specific also indicated fecundity, expectancy, hosts. Larval had significant varying effect finite intrinsic increase rates, reflecting that most suitable diet. findings present study are useful for predicting dynamics especially in areas cultivating Poaceae crops, except to develop sustainable integrated management strategies this pest.

Language: Английский

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Insecticidal potential and risk assessment of diamide pesticides against Spodoptera frugiperda in maize crops

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 282, P. 116682 - 116682

Published: July 13, 2024

The effectiveness, tolerance, and safety of pesticides must be established before their scientific or rational. This study evaluates the field control efficacy broflanilide, tetraniliprole, chlorantraniliprole in combating Spodoptera frugiperda maize crops, as well resistance S. to these three diamide after exposure. By assessing efficiency, toxicity, effects on development reproduction, detoxification enzyme activity frugiperda, highlights broflanilide's significant insecticidal potential. A highly sensitive efficient method using QuEChERS/HPLCMS/MS was developed simultaneously detect residues maize. Initial concentrations ranged from 2.13 4.02 mg/kg, with respective half-lives varying between 1.23 1.51 days. Following foliar application, by time harvest, terminal residue were all under 0.01 mg/kg. Chronic dietary intake risk assessments cumulative chronic exposure for indicated that general population's concentration within acceptable limits. Not only does this research provide valuable insights into effects, resistance, residues, assessment results maize, but additionally, it also paves way setting suitable Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs) values based pre-harvest interval values, rational dosage, application frequency.

Language: Английский

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Biorationals and Synthetic Insecticides for Controlling Fall Armyworm and Their Influence on the Abundance and Diversity of Parasitoids

Sustainability, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(8), P. 3118 - 3118

Published: April 9, 2024

Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm, FAW) is a significant economic pest of maize in Uganda. Many Ugandan farmers employ synthetic insecticides as their main form control despite the negative impacts these chemicals. We tested effectiveness Beauveria bassiana; General Biopesticide Cocktail (mixture B. bassiana, M. anisopliae, Isaria fumosoroseus, Lecanicillium lecani and Purporeocillium lilacanus three strains Metarhizium Nimbecidine® (azadirachtin 0.03%EC), Roket® (cypermethrin 4% profenofos 40%); Amdocs® (emamectin benzoate 2% abamectin 1%) on fall armyworm parasitoids, respectively, 2020 2021. The treatments with greatest decrease leaf damage infestation were Roket®, followed by Nimbecidine®. biopesticides not always more effective than untreated control, though; efficacy was often lower that botanical pesticides. recovered one egg parasitoid, Telenomus remus, seven egg-larval parasitoids (Coccygidium luteum, Coccygidium sp., Cotesia icipe, Chelonus Micranisa Charops cf. diversipes, an unidentified Tachinidae). Among these, C. cf icipe Tachinidae most abundant. Parasitism low, averaging 10% for masses 5.3% larvae. Application pesticides resulted higher yield when compared control. In general, low population observed. Although parasitoid reduced plots treated percentage parasitism FAW affected. some instances, yields realized plots. Pest management practices compatible biological need to be considered armyworm.

Language: Английский

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Effect of isolated compounds from Combretum trifoliatum on toxicity and detoxification enzymes in Nilaparvata lugens

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

The brown planthopper (BPH) Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) is a major insect pest of Oryza sativa that causes crop yield loss in tropical regions, including Thailand. In this study, the crude ethanolic extract leaves and branches Combretum trifoliatum , its active isolated components, apigenin camphor, Finopril were tested for their ability to control first fifth instars N. lugens. C. both allelochemicals showed insecticide potential (24 h-LC50 ~ 8.83–95.96 mg/L against each instar extract), toxicity depended on time exposure. Camphor higher efficacy (LD50 4.43 mg/L) not different compared Finopril. All plant compounds reduced carboxylesterase (CE) glutathione-s-transferase (GST) activities. caused greatest decreases CE GST activities after exposure, whereas induced slight change acetylcholinesterase activity. results present study suggest can be used as an manage populations.

Language: Английский

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Insecticidal activities of essential oil from Hedychium coronarium rhizome and its mixture of compounds against the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 208, P. 106293 - 106293

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

Language: Английский

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Efficacy of Different Insecticides and Botanicals Against Greenish Silk-Moth, Trilocha varians (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) under Laboratory and Greenhouse Conditions

Entomological News, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 132(1)

Published: Jan. 10, 2025

Ficus benjamina, often known as weeping fig, is planted in tropical and subtropical areas the Greenish silk moth, Trilocha varians has been its major pest since 2019. This newly emerged (larvae) of horticultural crops causing 100% defoliation even death plants. A severe attack this seen on F. bejamina. The current invading other ornamental plants, especially jackfruit. There was a need to minimize population, but still, no management strategies have adopted control world. In study, toxicity three insecticides (belt, runner radiant), four plant extracts (Azadirachta indica, Nicotiana tabacum, Moringa oleifera Eucalyptus globulus) were evaluated against 2nd instar T. varians. Belt found be more toxic insecticide followed by radiant. LC50 belt 25.200, 20.708, 6.374, 2.893, 2.907 2.216 ppm after 12, 24, 36, 48, 60 72 hours, respectively, while LC90 392.833, 58.822, 148.741, 126.018, 105.504 33.039 hours application, respectively under laboratory conditions. mean larval mortality differed significantly between treatments during 1st (f = 2.26; df 3; p 0.002) spray 3.18; 0.001) greenhouse most effective with an LT50 value 9.749 h (1.865-17.953) 11.926 (5.364–23.813) radiant 12.857 (6.516-28.339). Azadirachta indica caused 17.85, 26.79, 37.76, 46.11, 55.77, 71.42 88.99% mortalities at 60, 96 post-treatment, respectively. Probit analysis showed A. N. M. E. globulus botanicals values 119.761 (99.443–148.015), 128.175 (102.091–148.531), 151.681 (144.347–189.368) 157.182 (149.331–201.152), leaf damage larvae both botanical all rounds spraying. findings could assist farmers mitigating aid policymakers developing Integrated Pest Management (IPM) strategies. Our results are particularly valuable for screening insecticides, contributing overall pest.

Language: Английский

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The larval gut of Spodoptera frugiperda harbours culturable bacteria with metabolic versatility after insecticide exposure

Insect Molecular Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 14, 2025

Abstract Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) poses a substantial risk to crops worldwide, resulting in considerable economic damage. The gut microbiota of insects plays crucial roles digestion, nutrition, immunity, growth and, sometimes, the degradation insecticides. current study examines effect synthetic insecticides on microbiome third instar S. larvae using both culture‐dependent techniques and 16S rRNA gene sequencing for bacterial community profiling diversity analysis. In untreated larvae, approach revealed diverse dominated by phyla Firmicutes, Proteobacteria Bacteroidota, with key genera including Bacteroides , Faecalibacterium Pelomonas . parallel, 323 strains were isolated assigned orders Bacillales, Burkholderiales, Enterobacterales, Flavobacteriales, Lactobacillales, Micrococcales, Neisseriaies, Pseudomonadales, Sphingobacteriales Xanthomonadales. prevailing culturable species included Serratia marcescens Klebsiella variicola Enterobacter quasiroggenkampii Treatment sublethal concentrations three (broflanilide, spinosad indoxacarb) caused significant changes composition. Treated showed shift towards increased abundance decreased Firmicutes. Specifically, Acinetobacter Rhodococcus dominant treated samples. Functional predictions highlighted metabolic versatility involving nutrient processing, immune response, detoxification, xenobiotic metabolism, stress suggesting microbial adaptation insecticide exposure. Network correlation analysis disrupted interactions altered structures under treatment. These findings enhance our understanding how impact may inform future strategies managing pest resistance through microbiome‐based approaches.

Language: Английский

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