Applications of SGLT2 inhibitors beyond glycaemic control

Nature Reviews Nephrology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 20(8), С. 513 - 529

Опубликована: Апрель 26, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Cardiovascular therapeutic targets of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors beyond heart failure

Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 270, С. 108861 - 108861

Опубликована: Апрель 15, 2025

Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are oral antidiabetic agents that have shown significant improvements in cardiovascular and renal outcomes among patients with heart failure (HF), regardless of diabetic status, establishing them as a cornerstone therapy. In addition to glycemic control the osmotic diuretic effect, inhibition SGLT2 improves endothelial function vasodilation, optimizing myocardial energy metabolism preserving cardiac contractility. Moreover, may exhibit anti-inflammatory properties attenuate acute ischemia/reperfusion injury, thereby reducing infarct size, enhancing left ventricular function, mitigating arrhythmias. These pleiotropic effects demonstrated efficacy across various conditions, ranging from chronic coronary syndromes extending arrhythmias, valvular disease, cardiomyopathies, cardio-oncology, cerebrovascular disease. This review provides an overview current literature on potential mechanisms underlying effectiveness wide range diseases beyond HF.

Язык: Английский

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Sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Metabolism, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 147, С. 155676 - 155676

Опубликована: Авг. 4, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Sarcopenia and Diabetes: A Detrimental Liaison of Advancing Age

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 16(1), С. 63 - 63

Опубликована: Дек. 25, 2023

Sarcopenia is an age-related clinical complaint characterized by the progressive deterioration of skeletal muscle mass and strength over time. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) associated with faster more relevant impairment. Both conditions influence each other, leading to negative consequences on glycemic control, cardiovascular risk, general health status, risk falls, frailty, overall quality life, mortality. PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web Science, Google Scholar were searched for research articles, scientific reports, observational studies, trials, narrative systematic reviews, meta-analyses review evidence pathophysiology di-abetes-induced sarcopenia, its relevance in terms glucose control diabetes-related outcomes, diagnostic therapeutic challenges. The comprehensively addresses key elements definition criteria pathophysiological correlation be-tween T2D, related a critical role antihyperglycemic treatment health, perspectives specific targeting myokine signaling pathways involved regulation metabolism trophism. Prompt diagnosis adequate management, including lifestyle inter-vention, diet programs, micronutrient supplementation, physical exercise, pharmaco-logical treatment, are needed prevent or delay T2D.

Язык: Английский

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Effect of sodium-glucose transporter 2 inhibitors on sarcopenia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Июль 3, 2023

Objective Sarcopenia has been recognized as the third category of disabling complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM), addition to micro- and macrovascular complications. Sodium-glucose co-transporter (SGLT2) inhibitors are innovative glucose-lowering treatments that have shown reduce body weight enhance cardiovascular renal outcomes. However, there is vigilance SGLT2 should be taken cautiously because they target skeletal muscle may raise risk sarcopenia. Herein, we conducted a meta-analysis randomized controlled trials evaluate effects on sarcopenia T2DM. Method Relevant studies were obtained from PubMed, Embase, Medicine, Cochrane, Web Science databases determine eligible until February 2023, without any language restrictions. A random model was utilized irrespective heterogeneity, I statistic used study heterogeneity. The differences results measured using weighted average difference (WMD) continuous data, along 95% confidence interval (CI). Results total 25 2,286 participants included. significantly reduced weight-related changes fat-related changes, including weight(BW) (WMD= -2.74, CI: -3.26 -2.23, P<0.01), mass index(BMI) -0.72, -0.95 -0.49, waist circumference(WC) -1.60, -2.99 -0.22, P=0.02), fat mass(FM)(WMD= -1.49, -2.18 -0.80, percentage fat(PBF) -1.28, -1.83 -0.74, visceral area(VFA)(WMD= -19.52, -25.90 -13.14, subcutaneous area(SFA)(WMD= -19.11, -31.18 -7.03, P=0.002), In terms muscle-related lean mass(LM)(WMD= -1.43 -0.16, P=0.01), mass(SMM) -0.38, -0.65 -0.10, P=0.007), index(SMI) -0.12, -0.22 -0.02, P=0.02)were also reduced. addition, water likewise decreased (WMD=-0.96, -1.68 -0.23, P=0.009). Conclusions As one most widely hypoglycemic, beneficial FM BW loss T2DM, such BW, BMI, WC, FM, PBF, VFA, SFA. negative influence paralleled reduction consequent increased warrants high attention, especially already predisposed physical frailty. Clinical Trial Registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/#myprospero , identifier PROSPERO (No.CRD 42023396278).

Язык: Английский

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SGLT2-inhibition increases total, LDL, and HDL cholesterol and lowers triglycerides: Meta-analyses of 60 randomized trials, overall and by dose, ethnicity, and drug type

Atherosclerosis, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 394, С. 117236 - 117236

Опубликована: Авг. 10, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Efficacy and safety of the sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitor empagliflozin in elderly Japanese adults (≥65 years) with type 2 diabetes: A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, 52‐week clinical trial (EMPA‐ELDERLY)

Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 25(12), С. 3538 - 3548

Опубликована: Авг. 25, 2023

Use of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) for glycaemic control is increasing in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) their additional benefits on heart failure and chronic kidney disease. However, SGLT2is generally reduce body weight, which might promote sarcopenia older individuals. We evaluated the effects SGLT2i empagliflozin muscle mass strength addition to glucose elderly adults T2D.Individuals T2D aged ≥65 years index ≥22 kg/m2 glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) 7.0%-10.0% were randomized 1:1 once-daily 10 mg or placebo 52 weeks. The primary endpoint was change from baseline HbA1c at week 52. Secondary endpoints included changes strength.Of 129 randomized, 72.4% men, mean age 74.1 years, 25.6 7.6%. placebo-adjusted -0.57% [95% confidence interval (CI) -0.78, -0.36]. Change weight -3.26 kg -0.90 placebo, respectively (placebo-adjusted difference: -2.37 kg; 95% CI -3.07, -1.68). Placebo-adjusted -0.61 (95% -1.61, 0.39), fat -1.84 -2.65, -1.04) grip -0.3 -1.1, 0.5).Empagliflozin improved reduced without compromising this trial.

Язык: Английский

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The effects of myosteatosis on skeletal muscle function in older adults

Physiological Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(9)

Опубликована: Май 1, 2024

Abstract Myosteatosis, or the infiltration of fatty deposits into skeletal muscle, occurs with advancing age and contributes to health functional decline older adults. Myosteatosis its inflammatory milieu play a larger role in adipose tissue dysfunction, muscle increased passive stiffness. Combined age‐related sex hormones development anabolic resistance, myosteatosis also insulin impaired mechanics, loss force production from risk chronic disease. Due highly secretome downstream negative effects on metabolism has become an area interest for aging researchers clinicians. Thus far, treatments have had limited success, as many lack potency completely rescue metabolic physical consequences myosteatosis. Future research is encouraged reliable assessment methods myosteatosis, well continued exploration pharmacological, nutritional, exercise‐related interventions that may lead success attenuating clinical within population.

Язык: Английский

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Effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and co-agonists on body composition: Systematic review and network meta-analysis

Metabolism, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 156113 - 156113

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Diabetic Sarcopenia. A proposed muscle screening protocol in people with diabetes

Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(4), С. 651 - 661

Опубликована: Фев. 5, 2024

Abstract Objectives To propose the grounds for “diabetic sarcopenia” as a new comorbidity of diabetes, and to establish muscle screening algorithm proposal facilitate its diagnosis staging in clinical practice. Method: A qualitative expert opinion study was carried out using nominal technique. literature search performed with terms “screening” or “diagnostic criteria” “muscle loss” “sarcopenia” “diabetes” that sent multidisciplinary group 7 experts who, face-to-face meeting, discussed various aspects algorithm. Results: The hallmark diabetic sarcopenia (DS) is mass atrophy characteristic people diabetes mellitus (DM) contrast histological physiological normality mass. target population be screened defined patients DM SARC-F questionnaire > 4, glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1C) ≥ 8.0%, more than 5 years since onset DM, taking sulfonylureas, glinides sodium/glucose cotransporter inhibitors (SGLT2), well presence chronic complications suspicion sarcopenia. Diagnosis based on criteria low strength (probable sarcopenia) (confirmed methods available any consultation room, such dynamometry, chair stand test, Body Mass Index (BMI)-adjusted calf circumference. DS classified into 4 stages: Stage I corresponds sarcopenic no other complication, II some type involvement. Within are three sublevels (a, b c). IIa refers individuals diabetes-specific impairment, IIb functional IIc changes function measured standard tests Conclusion: Diabetic has significant impact quality life 2 (T2DM), it important give same attention all traditionally described T2DM. This document aims foundation protocolising manner simple accessible levels healthcare.

Язык: Английский

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