Strengthening global health security by improving disease surveillance in remote rural areas of low-income and middle-income countries

The Lancet Global Health, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 10(4), С. e579 - e584

Опубликована: Март 15, 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the need to strengthen national surveillance systems protect a globally connected world. In low-income and middle-income countries, zoonotic disease advanced considerably in past two decades. However, efforts often prioritise urban adjacent rural communities. Communities remote areas have had far less support despite having routine exposure diseases due frequent contact with domestic wild animals, restricted access health care. Limited is crucial gap global security. Although this point been made past, practical solutions on how implement efficiently these resource-limited logistically challenging settings yet be discussed. We highlight why investing of countries will benefit community review current approaches. Using semi-arid regions Kenya as case study, we provide approach by which can strengthened integrated into existing systems. This Viewpoint represents transition from simply highlighting for more holistic solid plan outcome might achieved.

Язык: Английский

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Pathogens and planetary change

Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2025

Emerging infectious diseases, biodiversity loss, and anthropogenic environmental change are interconnected crises with massive social ecological costs. In this Review, we discuss how pathogens parasites responding to global change, the implications for pandemic prevention conservation. Ecological evolutionary principles help explain why both pandemics wildlife die-offs becoming more common; land-use loss often followed by an increase in zoonotic vector-borne diseases; some species, such as bats, host so many emerging pathogens. To prevent next pandemic, scientists should focus on monitoring limiting spread of a handful high-risk viruses, especially at key interfaces farms live-animal markets. But address much broader set disease risks associated Anthropocene, decision-makers will need develop comprehensive strategies that include pathogen surveillance across species ecosystems; conservation-based interventions reduce human–animal contact protect health; health system strengthening; improvements epidemic preparedness response. Scientists can contribute these efforts filling gaps data, expanding evidence base disease–driver relationships interventions. This Review explores relationship between diseases connected changes Anthropocene.

Язык: Английский

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Museum Genomics

Annual Review of Genetics, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 55(1), С. 633 - 659

Опубликована: Сен. 23, 2021

Natural history collections are invaluable repositories of biological information that provide an unrivaled record Earth's biodiversity. Museum genomics—genomics research using traditional museum and cryogenic the infrastructure supporting these investigations—has particularly enhanced in ecology evolutionary biology, study extinct organisms, impact anthropogenic activity on However, leveraging genomics has exposed challenges, such as digitizing, integrating, sharing data; updating practices to ensure broadly optimal data extraction from existing new collections; modernizing practices, infrastructure, policies fair, sustainable, genomically manifold uses by increasingly diverse stakeholders. poised address challenges and, with sensitive approaches, will catalyze a future era reproducibility, innovation, insight made possible through integrating genome sciences.

Язык: Английский

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Digital Extended Specimens: Enabling an Extensible Network of Biodiversity Data Records as Integrated Digital Objects on the Internet

BioScience, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 72(10), С. 978 - 987

Опубликована: Авг. 3, 2022

The early twenty-first century has witnessed massive expansions in availability and accessibility of digital data virtually all domains the biodiversity sciences. Led by an array asynchronous digitization activities spanning ecological, environmental, climatological, biological collections data, these initiatives have resulted a plethora mostly disconnected siloed leaving to researchers tedious time-consuming manual task finding connecting them usable ways, integrating into coherent sets, making interoperable. focus date been on elevating analog physical records replicas local databases prior ever-growing aggregations essentially discipline-specific information. In present article, we propose new interconnected network objects Internet-the Digital Extended Specimen (DES) network-that transcends existing aggregator technology, augments DES with third-party through machine algorithms, provides platform for more efficient research robust interdisciplinary discovery.

Язык: Английский

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Food security and emerging infectious disease: risk assessment and risk management

Royal Society Open Science, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 9(2)

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2022

Climate change, emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) and food security create a dangerous nexus. Habitat interfaces, assumed to be efficient buffers, are being disrupted by human activities which in turn accelerate the movement of pathogens. EIDs threaten directly indirectly availability access nutritious food, affecting global health. In next 70 years, food-secure food-insecure countries will face driving increasingly unsustainable costs production, predicted exceed national gross domestic products. Our modern challenge is transform this business as usual embrace an alternative vision biosphere formalized Stockholm paradigm (SP). First, pathogen-centric focus shifts our risk space, determining how pathogens circulate realized potential fitness space. Risk space pathogen exchange always heightened at habitat interfaces. Second, apply document-assess-monitor-act (DAMA) protocol developing strategic data for EID risk, translated, synthesized broadcast actionable information. management through targeted interventions focused around information exchanged among community scientists, policy practitioners public health local populations. Ultimately, SP DAMA protect rights, supporting security, environmental integrity.

Язык: Английский

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Specimen collection is essential for modern science

PLoS Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 21(11), С. e3002318 - e3002318

Опубликована: Ноя. 22, 2023

Natural history museums are vital repositories of specimens, samples and data that inform about the natural world; this Formal Comment revisits a Perspective advocated for adoption compassionate collection practices, querying whether it will ever be possible to completely do away with whole animal specimen collection.

Язык: Английский

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Trends in Bacterial Pathogens of Bats: Global Distribution and Knowledge Gaps

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 2023, С. 1 - 17

Опубликована: Март 27, 2023

Bats have received considerable recent attention for infectious disease research because of their potential to host and transmit viruses, including Ebola, Hendra, Nipah, multiple coronaviruses. These pathogens are occasionally transmitted from bats wildlife, livestock, humans, directly or through other bridging (intermediate) hosts. Due public health relevance, zoonotic viruses a primary focus attention. In contrast, emerging bats, such as bacteria, vastly understudied despite ubiquity diversity. Here, we describe the currently known ranges geographic distributional patterns potentially bacterial genera in using published presence-absence data pathogen occurrence. We identify apparent gaps our understanding distribution these on global scale. The most frequently detected Bartonella, Leptospira, Mycoplasma. However, wide variety also found Anaplasma, Brucella, Borrelia, Coxiella, Ehrlichia, Francisella, Neorickettsia, Rickettsia. bat families Phyllostomidae, Vespertilionidae, Pteropodidae reported hosts pathogens; however, presence at least one genus was confirmed all 15 tested. On spatial scale, molecular diagnostics samples 58 countries four overseas departments island states (French Guiana, Mayotte, New Caledonia, Réunion Island) testing bats. identified geographical areas that been mostly neglected during Afrotropical region Southern Asia. Current knowledge is strongly biased by effort towards certain taxonomic groups regions. Identifying biases can guide future surveillance efforts, contributing better ecoepidemiology

Язык: Английский

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Global natural history infrastructure requires international solidarity, support, and investment in local capacity

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 122(6)

Опубликована: Янв. 30, 2025

Amid global challenges like climate change, extinctions, and disease epidemics, science society require nuanced, international solutions that are grounded in robust, interdisciplinary perspectives datasets span deep time. Natural history collections, from modern biological specimens to the archaeological fossil records, crucial tools for understanding cultural processes shape our world. At same time, natural collections low middle-income countries at-risk underresourced, imperiling efforts build infrastructure scientific capacity necessary tackle critical challenges. The case of Mongolia exemplifies unique preserving a country with limited financial resources under thumb colonialism. Specifically, lack biorepository throughout stymies study or respond large-scale environmental changes era. Investment museum training develop locally-accessible characterize communities over time space must be key priority future where scenarios, predicting, responding zoonotic disease, making informed conservation choices, adapting agricultural challenges, will all but impossible without relevant accessible collections.

Язык: Английский

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Collectomics – towards a new framework to integrate museum collections to address global challenges

Опубликована: Март 28, 2025

Collections’ digitisation is a priority in many natural history collections, and publicly available datasets are expanding rapidly. The potential value of collections remains largely untapped even modern research, because the vast scope dwarfs current efforts at data mobilisation. Collections continually expanding, there an estimated 3 billion undigitised specimen records worldwide. In this review, we use simple model to illustrate that global will not succeed until late 21 st century earliest, unless new technologies harnessed commitments by funding bodies society made. As advance toward digitisation, equally important consideration majority these digital only represent fraction information potentially from collection objects. term “collectomics” was coined discussions within Senckenberg institution as phrase for frameworks embrace all future knowledge derived specimens. This expands on concept museomics, which originally defined focus molecular generated museum Rooted extended specimen, collectomics encompasses metadata, images, traits, DNA, further extracted with yet unknown applications, connected environmental other historical contextual information. Thus, view under limited but directly integrates evolutionary, ecosystem social sciences, including human contributions collectors, donors, researchers past future. A envisions seamless integration multidimensional specimen-based data, interoperability among historical, artistic, ethnographic, generate needed tackle challenges.

Язык: Английский

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Arctos: Community-driven innovations for managing natural and cultural history collections

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 19(5), С. e0296478 - e0296478

Опубликована: Май 31, 2024

More than tools for managing physical and digital objects, museum collection management systems (CMS) serve as platforms structuring, integrating, making accessible the rich data embodied by natural history collections. Here we describe Arctos, a scalable community solution publishing global biological, geological, cultural collections research education. Specific goals are to: (1) Describe core features implementation of Arctos broad audience with respect to biodiversity informatics principles that enable high quality research; (2) Highlight unique aspects Arctos; (3) Illustrate model supporting enhancing Digital Extended Specimen concept; (4) Emphasize role improving discovery enabling cross-disciplinary, integrative studies within sustainable governance model. In addition detailing both professionals database platform, discuss how achieves its richly annotated creating web knowledge deep connections between catalog records derived or associated data. We also highlight value an educational resource. Finally, present financial fiscal sponsorship nonprofit organization, implemented in 2022, ensure long-term success sustainability Arctos.

Язык: Английский

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