Evolution and strain diversity advance exploration of Candida albicans biology

mSphere, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 9(8)

Опубликована: Авг. 28, 2024

ABSTRACT Fungi were some of the earliest organismal systems used to explore mutational processes and its phenotypic consequences on members a species. Yeasts that cause significant human disease quickly incorporated into these investigations define genetic drivers virulence. Among Candida species, albicans has emerged as model for studying genomic evolution because clinical relevance, relatively small genome, ability tolerate complex chromosomal changes. Here, we describe major recent findings strains from defined backgrounds delineate adaptative include how nascent exploration naturally occurring variation is contributing conceptual frameworks. Ultimately, efforts discern adaptive mechanisms by C. will continue divulge new biology can better inform treatment regimens increasing prevalence fungal disease.

Язык: Английский

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Phage Therapy: An Alternative Approach to Combating Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Infections in Cystic Fibrosis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(15), С. 8321 - 8321

Опубликована: Июль 30, 2024

Patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) are prone to developing life-threatening lung infections a variety of pathogens that difficult eradicate, such as Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc), Hemophilus influenzae, Mycobacterium abscessus (Mab), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. These still remain an important issue, despite the therapy for CF having considerably improved in recent years. Moreover, prolonged exposure antibiotics combination favors development spread multi-resistant bacteria; thus, alternative strategies is crucial counter antimicrobial resistance. In this context, phage therapy, i.e., use phages, viruses specifically infect bacteria, has become promising strategy. review, we aim address current status management multidrug-resistant infections, from compassionate cases ongoing clinical trials, well challenges approach presents particular context patients.

Язык: Английский

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Adaptation of Candida albicans to specific host environments by gain-of-function mutations in transcription factors

PLoS Pathogens, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 20(11), С. e1012643 - e1012643

Опубликована: Ноя. 4, 2024

The yeast Candida albicans is usually a harmless member of the normal microbiota in healthy persons but also major fungal pathogen that can colonize and infect almost every human tissue. A successful adaptation to environmental changes encountered different host niches requires an appropriate regulation gene expression. zinc cluster transcription factors are largest family transcriptional regulators C . involved control virtually all aspects its biology. Under certain circumstances, mutations these alter their activity expression target genes confer selective advantage, which results emergence phenotypically altered variants better adapted new challenges. This review describes how gain-of-function enable overcome antifungal therapy successfully establish itself specific niches.

Язык: Английский

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Drivers of diversification in fungal pathogen populations

PLoS Pathogens, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 20(9), С. e1012430 - e1012430

Опубликована: Сен. 12, 2024

To manage and treat chronic fungal diseases effectively, we require an improved understanding of their complexity. There is increasing appreciation that infection populations are often heterogeneous due to diversification drift, even within a single microbial species. Genetically diverse can contribute persistence resistance treatment by maintaining cells with different phenotypes capable thriving in these dynamic environments. In infections, pathogens undergo prolonged challenges drive trait selection convergent adapted states through restricted access critical nutrients, assault immune effectors, competition other species, antifungal drugs. This review first highlights the various genetic epigenetic mechanisms promote diversity pathogenic provide additional barrier assessing actual heterogeneity infections. We then existing studies evolution from lung infections associated disease cystic fibrosis. conclude discussion open research questions that, once answered, may aid diagnosing treating

Язык: Английский

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Going fishing: how to get what you want from a fungal genetic screen

mSphere, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 9(7)

Опубликована: Июль 3, 2024

Five years ago, as I was starting my lab, wrote about two functional genomic screens in fungi that had inspired me (mSphere 4:e00299-19, https://doi.org/10.1128/mSphere.00299-19). Now, want to discuss some of the principles and questions ask myself students we embark on our own screens. A good screen, whether it is a genetic or chemical can be point for new discovery an excellent basis beginning scientific research project. However, are often criticized being "fishing expeditions." To stretch this metaphor extreme, because people worried do not know how fish, will come home without any bring wrong what with fish if caught it. How you set up screen analyze results determines useful. In mini-review, spirit teaching scientist recent fungal illustrate key aspects successful screen.

Язык: Английский

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Prevalence, virulence factors and antifungal susceptibility of oral isolates of Candida albicans from patients with cystic fibrosis in Mexico

Revista Iberoamericana de Micología, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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