Recent advances in tissue repair of the blood-brain barrier after stroke

Journal of Tissue Engineering, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

The selective permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) enables necessary exchange substances between brain parenchyma and circulating blood is important for normal functioning central nervous system. Ischemic stroke inflicts damage upon BBB, triggering adverse outcomes such as cerebral edema, hemorrhagic transformation, aggravated neuroinflammation. Therefore, effective repair damaged BBB after neovascularization that allows unique transfer from recovery function. This review focuses on four therapies have effects tissue in last seven years. Most these new show increased expression tight-junction proteins, some beneficial results terms enhanced pericyte coverage at injured vessels. also briefly outlines three classes approaches their mechanisms promoting neoangiogenesis following a stroke.

Язык: Английский

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Novel Multi-Antioxidant Approach for Ischemic Stroke Therapy Targeting the Role of Oxidative Stress

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(3), С. 501 - 501

Опубликована: Фев. 23, 2024

Stroke is a major contributor to global mortality and disability. While reperfusion essential for preventing neuronal death in the penumbra, it also triggers cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, paradoxical injury primarily caused by oxidative stress, inflammation, blood–brain barrier disruption. An burst inflicts marked cellular damage, ranging from alterations mitochondrial function lipid peroxidation activation of intricate signalling pathways that can even lead cell death. Thus, given pivotal role stress mechanisms reinforcement antioxidant defence system has been proposed as protective approach. Although this strategy proven be successful experimental models, its translation into clinical practice yielded inconsistent results. However, should considered availability numerous molecules with wide range chemical properties affect extent injury; several groups molecules, including polyphenols, carotenoids, vitamins, among other compounds, mitigate damage intervening multiple at various stages. Multiple trials have previously conducted evaluate these using melatonin, acetyl-L-carnitine, chrysanthemum extract, edaravone dexborneol, saffron, coenzyme Q10, oleoylethanolamide, treatments. Therefore, multi-antioxidant therapy emerges promising novel therapeutic option due potential synergistic effect provided simultaneous roles individual compounds.

Язык: Английский

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Inflammatory Pathogenesis of Post-stroke Depression

Aging and Disease, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Post-stroke depression (PSD) is a complex mood disorder that emerges in individuals following stroke, characterized by the development of depressive symptoms. The pathogensis PSD diverse, with inflammation playing vital role its onset and progression. Emerging evidence suggests microglial activation, astrocyte responses, nuclear factor κB(NF-κB) signaling, dysregulation hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis, alterations brain-derived neurotrophic (BDNF) expression, neurotransmitter imbalances, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) receptors oxidative stress are intricately linked to pathogenesis PSD. involvement inflammatory cytokines these processes highlights significance pathway. Integrating hypotheses, mechanism offers novel perspective expand therapeutic strategies for

Язык: Английский

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Impacts of futile reperfusion and reperfusion injury in acute ischemic stroke

Brain Circulation, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 10(1), С. 1 - 4

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) remains to be a challenging cerebrovascular disease. The mainstay of AIS management is endovascular reperfusion therapy, including thrombectomy and thrombolysis. However, ineffective (futile) (FR) or injury (RI) can seen in significant number patients undergoing strategy. In this article, we discuss two clinically relevant concepts known as "time window" "tissue that impact the clinical outcome therapy. We also explore patient risk factors, leading FR RI well an emerging concept "no-reflow phenomenon" reperfusion. These fundamental provide insight into references for future research.

Язык: Английский

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Exosomes: The endogenous nanomaterials packed with potential for diagnosis and treatment of neurologic disorders

Colloids and Surfaces B Biointerfaces, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 239, С. 113938 - 113938

Опубликована: Май 3, 2024

Язык: Английский

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The role of crosstalk between cerebral immune cells and peripheral immune cells in the damage and protection of blood–brain barrier after intracerebral hemorrhage

Brain Hemorrhages, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 5(3), С. 117 - 130

Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2024

Blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage is a major pathological change after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and both the cause result of brain edema inflammatory response post-ICH. Cerebral immune cells (CICs), including microglia, pericytes, astrocytes play crucial role in protection BBB ICH. Recent evidence suggests that peripheral (PICs) also an important protection, edema, neurological function impairment. Therefore, regulating interactions between glial expected to alleviate ICH-induced damage. In this review, we first introduce CICs, endothelial (ECs), oligodendrocytes (OLs), PICs ICH, focusing on their polarization response. Next, specifically discuss crosstalk CICs PICs, such as brain-spleen axis brain-gut Finally, suggest cells, and, meningeal lymphatic system may be potential targets for alleviating some molecular strategies ICH by modulating ECs, PICs.

Язык: Английский

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Genistein-3′-sodium sulfonate promotes brain functional rehabilitation in ischemic stroke rats by regulating astrocytes polarization through NF-κB signaling pathway

Chemico-Biological Interactions, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 400, С. 111159 - 111159

Опубликована: Июль 25, 2024

The activation and polarization of astrocytes are involved in neuroinflammation brain functional rehabilitation after ischemic stroke. Our previous studies display the neuroprotective effect genistein-3'-sodium sulfonate (GSS) acute phase cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CI/RI). This study aimed to investigate function improvement GSS during recovery period CI/RI rats explore potential mechanism from perspective astrocyte polarization. transient middle artery occlusion (tMCAO) were treated with (1 mg/kg) continuously for 28 days. behavior tests measured assess neurological function. mRNA protein expression affected cortex detected on day 29 tMCAO. results demonstrated that treatment significantly improved spatial temporal gait parameters Catwalk test, prolonged time stick increased rotation speed rotarod decreased find hidden platform target quadrant Morris water maze test. In addition, GFAP, GBP2, C3, IL-1β expressions Nos2A level decreased, while Nrf2, BDNF, IL-10 Sphk1 Nef2l2 levels treatment. Interestingly, presented a strong binding affinity TLR4 suppressed NF-κB signaling. conclusion, can promote by inhibiting A1 phenotype, enhancing A2 phenotype via inactivating TLR4/NF-κB signaling, which provide candidate compound clinical therapy

Язык: Английский

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Aging and Parkinson’s disease: a complex interplay of vulnerable neurons, the immune system and the blood-brain barrier

Ageing and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 4(1)

Опубликована: Март 27, 2024

Aging is the biggest risk factor for Parkinson’s disease (PD) and a particular vulnerability of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra to aging-associated effects has been firmly established. More recent work revealed an important role non-neuronal systems such as blood-brain barrier (BBB) or immune system pathogenesis PD. Effects aging on include chronic inflammatory state termed inflammaging immunosenescence. Both processes are connected higher pro-inflammatory potency negatively affect maintenance self-tolerance. The BBB gets increasingly dysfunctional with advancing age its endothelial cells display more phenotype while transport plasma proteins brain impaired. heavily interdependent both essential homeostasis especially vulnerable neurons. degeneration can, turn, influence system, potentially creating vicious cycle. In this review, we aim develop multisystem perspective PD by incorporating into pathophysiological processes. Given current evidence, it seems likely that combination multimodal levels SN pars compacta (SNc) neurons, increase developing

Язык: Английский

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Immunotherapy revolutionizing brain metastatic cancer treatment: personalized strategies for transformative outcomes

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Июль 29, 2024

Brain metastatic cancer poses a significant clinical challenge, with limited treatment options and poor prognosis for patients. In recent years, immunotherapy has emerged as promising strategy addressing brain metastases, offering distinct advantages over conventional treatments. This review explores the evolving landscape of tumor in context cancer, focusing on intricate interplay between microenvironment (TME) immunotherapeutic approaches. By elucidating complex interactions within TME, including role immune cells, cytokines, extracellular matrix components, this highlights potential to reshape paradigm metastases. Leveraging checkpoint inhibitors, cellular immunotherapies, personalized strategies, holds promise overcoming challenges posed by blood-brain barrier immunosuppressive Through comprehensive analysis current research findings future directions, underscores transformative impact management new insights opportunities precise therapeutic interventions.

Язык: Английский

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A New Perspective on Stroke Research: Unraveling the Role of Brain Oxygen Dynamics in Stroke Pathophysiology

Aging and Disease, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 0 - 0

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Stroke, a leading cause of death and disability, often results from ischemic events that cut off the brain blood flow, to neuron death. Despite treatment advancements, survivors frequently endure lasting impairments. A key focus is penumbra, area around stroke could potentially recover with prompt oxygenation; yet its monitoring complex. Recent progress in bioluminescence-based oxygen sensing, particularly through Green enhanced Nano-lantern (GeNL), offers unprecedented views fluctuations vivo. Utilized awake mice, GeNL has uncovered hypoxic pockets within cerebral cortex, revealing brain's environment as dynamic landscape influenced by physiological states behaviors like locomotion wakefulness. These findings illuminate complexity dynamics suggest potential impact on injury recovery, challenging existing paradigms highlighting importance microenvironmental control resilience. This review examines implications these novel for research, emphasizing criticality understanding pre-existing addressing ischemia. The presence non-stroke conditions indicates more intricate scenario brains, suggesting strategies alleviate hypoxia lead effective treatments rehabilitation. By bridging gaps our knowledge, especially concerning changes post-stroke, leveraging new technologies GeNL, we can pave way therapeutic innovations significantly enhance outcomes survivors, promising future where an oxygenation profoundly informs therapy.

Язык: Английский

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