Sex Differences in Inflammation and Muscle Wasting in Aging and Disease

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(5), С. 4651 - 4651

Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2023

Only in recent years, thanks to a precision medicine-based approach, have treatments tailored the sex of each patient emerged clinical trials. In this regard, both striated muscle tissues present significant differences between two sexes, which may important consequences for diagnosis and therapy aging chronic illness. fact, preservation mass disease conditions correlates with survival; however, should be considered when protocols maintenance are designed. One obvious difference is that men more than women. Moreover, sexes differ inflammation parameters, particularly response infection disease. Therefore, unsurprisingly, women respond differently therapies. review, we an up-to-date overview on what known about skeletal physiology disfunction, such as disuse atrophy, age-related sarcopenia, cachexia. addition, summarize underly aforementioned because pro-inflammatory cytokines deeply affect homeostasis. The comparison these three their sex-related bases interesting different forms atrophy share common mechanisms; instance, those responsible protein dismantling similar although differing terms kinetics, severity, regulatory mechanisms. pre-clinical research, exploring sexual dimorphism could highlight new efficacious or recommend implementation existing one. Any protective factors discovered one exploited achieve lower morbidity, reduce severity disease, avoid mortality opposite sex. Thus, understanding sex-dependent responses pivotal importance design innovative, tailored, efficient interventions.

Язык: Английский

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Sex differences in endurance exercise capacity and skeletal muscle lipid metabolism in mice

Physiological Reports, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 10(3)

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2022

Previous studies suggest that sex differences in lipid metabolism exist with females demonstrating a higher utilization of lipids during exercise, which is mediated partly by increased muscle triglycerides. However, whether these changes contribute directly to endurance exercise performance unclear. Therefore, the objective this study was investigate contribution substrate capacity (EEC) mice. Male and female C57BL/6-NCrl mice were subjected an EEC test until exhaustion on motorized treadmill. The treadmill set at 10% incline, speed gradually from 10.2 m/min 22.2 fixed intervals for up 2.5 h. Tissues blood harvested immediately following EEC. A cohort sedentary, non-exercised male used as controls. Females outperformed males ~25% Serum levels both fatty acids ketone bodies ~50% end In sedentary mice, skeletal triglyceride content significantly greater compared males. Gene expression analysis demonstrated genes involved acid oxidation no associated glucose uptake or body oxidation. findings have ability mobilize utilize energy.

Язык: Английский

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Fiber-type traps: revisiting common misconceptions about skeletal muscle fiber types with application to motor control, biomechanics, physiology, and biology

Journal of Applied Physiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 136(1), С. 109 - 121

Опубликована: Ноя. 23, 2023

Skeletal muscle is a highly complex tissue that studied by scientists from wide spectrum of disciplines, including motor control, biomechanics, exercise science, physiology, cell biology, genetics, regenerative medicine, orthopedics, and engineering. Although this diversity in perspectives has led to many important discoveries, historically, there been limited overlap discussions across fields. This misconceptions oversimplifications about biology can create confusion potentially slow scientific progress The purpose synthesis paper bring together research multiple fields identify common assumptions related fiber type are points concern clarify. These include

Язык: Английский

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Key considerations for investigating and interpreting autophagy in skeletal muscle

Autophagy, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 20(10), С. 2121 - 2132

Опубликована: Июль 15, 2024

Skeletal muscle plays a crucial role in generating force to facilitate movement. is heterogenous tissue composed of diverse fibers with distinct contractile and metabolic profiles. The intricate classification skeletal exists on continuum ranging from type I (slow-twitch, oxidative) II (fast-twitch, glycolytic). distribution characteristics within between muscles profoundly influences cellular signaling; however, this has not been broadly discussed as it relates macroautophagy/autophagy. growing interest autophagy research underscores the necessity comprehending interplay autophagic responses among different properties, profiles, other related signaling processes. We recommend approaching interpretation findings careful consideration for two key reasons: 1) behaviors or various perturbations, 2) potential impact alterations fiber profile observed outcomes. This review provides an overview response muscles/fibers types Further, discusses conditions diseases that may differentially affect muscle. Finally, we provide points better enable researchers fine-tune design experiments.

Язык: Английский

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Sex differences in skeletal muscle revealed through fiber type, capillarity, and transcriptomics profiling in mice

Physiological Reports, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 9(18)

Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2021

Skeletal muscle anatomy and physiology are sexually dimorphic but molecular underpinnings muscle-specificity not well-established. Variances in metabolic health, fitness level, sedentary behavior, genetics, age make it difficult to discern inherent sex effects humans. Therefore, mice under well-controlled conditions were used determine female male (n = 19/sex) skeletal fiber type/size capillarity superficial deep gastrocnemius (GA-s, GA-d), soleus (SOL), extensor digitorum longus (EDL), plantaris (PLT), transcriptome patterns also determined (GA, SOL). Summed weight strongly correlated with lean body mass (r2 0.67, p < 0.0001, both sexes). Other phenotypes muscle-specific: e.g., (higher density, GA-s), myofiber size (higher, EDL), type lower I II prevalences, respectively, There broad differences transcriptomics, >6000 (GA) >4000 (SOL) mRNAs differentially-expressed by sex; only a minority of these shared across GA SOL. Pathway analyses revealed ribosome biology, transcription, RNA processing. Curation transcripts SOL, literature datasets from humans, identified 11 genes that we propose canonical innate muscle: Xist, Kdm6a, Grb10, Oas2, Rps4x females) Ddx3y, Kdm5d, Irx3, Wwp1, Aldh1a1, Cd24a males). These those the highest "sex-biased" expression our study do contain estrogen-response elements (exception, Greb1), subset proposed be regulated through androgen response elements. We hypothesize sexual dimorphism humans is triggered then maintained classic X inactivation (Xist, Y activation (Ddx3y, males), coincident engagement encoded (Kdm6a) (Kdm5d) demethylase epigenetic regulators complemented modulation at some regions genome respond androgen.

Язык: Английский

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Translatability of mouse muscle-aging for humans: the role of sex

GeroScience, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 46(3), С. 3341 - 3360

Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2024

Abstract Muscle-aging drives sarcopenia and is a major public health issue. Mice are frequently used as model for human muscle-aging, however, research investigating their translational value limited. In addition, mechanisms underlying muscle-aging may have sex-specific features in humans, but it not yet assessed whether these recapitulated mice. Here, we studied the effects of aging on functional, histological transcriptional level at multiple timepoints male female mice (4, 17, 21 25 months), with particular emphasis sex-differences. The natural transcriptome quadriceps muscle were compared to humans pathway level. Significant loss mass occurred late, months, both (-17%, quadriceps) (-10%, young control Concomitantly, found female, mice, slower movement speed aged groups (P < 0.001). Consistently, weighted gene co-expression network analysis revealed stronger association between aging-related reduction changes male, distinctive last age group (25 which highlights necessity careful selection using model. Furthermore, contrasting more (4090 vs. 2285 differentially expressed genes respectively). Subsequently, related pathways characteristic humans. conclusion, our data show that sex has critical effect mouse trajectory, although do necessarily reflect differences observed trajectory.

Язык: Английский

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Advances in tissue engineering approaches for repairing and rehabilitating the myotendinous junction

Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 30, С. 100532 - 100532

Опубликована: Март 29, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Skeletal Muscle Microvascular Dysfunction in Obesity-Related Insulin Resistance: Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 23(2), С. 847 - 847

Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2022

Obesity is a worrisomely escalating public health problem globally and one of the leading causes morbidity mortality from noncommunicable disease. The epidemiological link between obesity broad spectrum cardiometabolic disorders has been well documented; however, underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are only partially understood, effective treatment options remain scarce. Given its critical role in glucose metabolism, skeletal muscle increasingly become focus attention understanding impaired insulin function associated metabolic sequelae. We examined current evidence on relationship microvascular dysfunction resistance obesity. A growing body suggest an intimate reciprocal glucometabolic physiology. phenotype characterized by structural functional changes microcirculation which contribute to disturbed homeostasis. Several interconnected etiologic molecular have suggested, including endothelial several factors, extracellular matrix remodelling, induction oxidative stress immunoinflammatory phenotype. further correlated currently available pharmacological agents that deductive therapeutic relevance explored mechanisms, highlighting potential clinical perspective treatment.

Язык: Английский

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Microvascular Skeletal-Muscle Crosstalk in Health and Disease

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(13), С. 10425 - 10425

Опубликована: Июнь 21, 2023

As an organ system, skeletal muscle is essential for the generation of energy that underpins contraction, plays a critical role in controlling balance and insulin-dependent glucose homeostasis, as well vascular well-being, regenerates following injury. To achieve there requirement "cross-talk" between myogenic components their regulatory factors comprise muscle. Accordingly, this review will describe following: [a] embryonic cell-signaling events important establishing cell-lineage, cross-talk endothelial cells (EC) precursors underpinning development muscle, its vasculature satellite-stem-cell (SC) pool, EC-SC maintains SC quiescence localizes ECs to SCs angio-myogenesis postnatally; [b] vascular-myocyte actions insulin on vasodilation capillary surface area uptake glucose/insulin by myofibers microvascular-myocyte dysfunction characterizes resistance, diabetes hypertension, estrogen growth adults; [c] utero fetal skeletal-muscle microvascularization myofiber hypertrophy required metabolic/vascular homeostasis after birth; [d] interactions underpin regeneration post-injury; [e] Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Язык: Английский

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Skeletal muscle ribosome analysis: A comparison of common assay methods and utilization of a novel RiboAb antibody cocktail

Physiological Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Abstract While total RNA concentrations putatively represent ribosome content, there is a need to homologize various quantification approaches. Thus, ([RNA]) provided through UV–Vis spectroscopy (UV), fluorometry‐only (Fluor), and fluorometry‐based microfluidic chip electrophoresis (MFGE) were examined in C2C12 myotubes mouse skeletal muscle determine if values aligned with [18S + 28S rRNA] (i.e., criterion metric). A novel antibody cocktail (termed RiboAb ) was also tested compared these models. In myotubes, 24‐h IGF‐1 treatments increased (~2.0‐fold) [RNA] based on UV (~1.9‐fold), Fluor (~2.3 fold), MFGE (~2.1‐fold). C57BL/6 mice, 10 days of mechanical overload (MOV) elevated plantaris (~1.7‐fold) according (~1.5‐fold), (~1.6‐fold), (~1.8‐fold). Myotube levels significantly higher MOV, respectively, versus controls (1.3‐fold 1.7‐fold, respectively), correlated ( r = 0.637 0.853, p ≤ 0.005). UV, Fluor, are seemingly valid surrogates cell/tissue although each method has advantages (e.g., ease use) disadvantages magnitudes bias) discussed herein. Finally, the may this should be further explored other

Язык: Английский

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