Age and Diet Modulate the Insulin-Sensitizing Effects of Exercise: A Tracer-Based Oral Glucose Tolerance Test

Diabetes, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 72(7), С. 872 - 883

Опубликована: Апрель 24, 2023

Diet modulates the development of insulin resistance during aging. This includes tissue-specific alterations in signaling and mitochondrial function, which ultimately affect glucose homeostasis. Exercise stimulates clearance lipid oxidation also enhances sensitivity (IS). It is not well known how exercise interacts with age diet resistance. To investigate this, oral tolerance tests tracers were conducted mice ranging from 4 to 21 months age, fed a low-fat (LFD) or high-fat (HFD) without life-long voluntary access running wheel (RW). We developed computational model derive fluxes, commensurate independent values steady-state tracer infusions. Values for an IS index derived peripheral tissues (IS-P) one liver (IS-L) steeply decreased by aging HFD. preceded age-dependent decline capacity oxidize lipids. In young animals LFD, RW enhanced IS-P concomitantly muscle β-oxidation capacity. Surprisingly, completely prevented IS-L decrease; however this only occurred LFD. Therefore, study indicates that endurance can improve organ-specific if paired healthy diet. Article Highlights strategy (IS), whereas lipid-rich decrease IS. Using tracer-based test, we investigated exercise, interact (voluntary wheel) mainly improved these animals, at but fully hepatic The prevention blunted

Язык: Английский

---

The mitochondrial mRNA-stabilizing protein SLIRP regulates skeletal muscle mitochondrial structure and respiration by exercise-recoverable mechanisms

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 13, 2024

Decline in mitochondrial function is linked to decreased muscle mass and strength conditions like sarcopenia type 2 diabetes. Despite therapeutic opportunities, there limited equivocal data regarding molecular cues controlling plasticity. Here we uncovered that the mRNA-stabilizing protein SLIRP, complex with LRPPRC, a PGC-1α target regulates structure, respiration, mtDNA-encoded-mRNA pools skeletal muscle. Exercise training effectively counteracts defects caused by genetically-induced LRPPRC/SLIRP loss, despite sustained low pools, increasing mitoribosome translation capacity quality control. In humans, exercise robustly increases SLIRP LRPPRC across modalities sexes, yet less prominently individuals loss reduces Drosophila lifespan. Our points mechanism of post-transcriptional regulation via mRNA stabilization, offering insights into how enhances control alleviate defects. Muscle lost patients diabetes, which associated disfunction. they show maintains mitochondria can compensate for improving

Язык: Английский

---

The Effects of Exercise Training on Glucose Homeostasis and Muscle Metabolism in Type 1 Diabetic Female Mice

Metabolites, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(10), С. 948 - 948

Опубликована: Окт. 5, 2022

Although exercise training is an important recommendation for the management of type 1 diabetes (T1D), most available research studies predominantly focus on male subjects. Given importance sex as a biological variable, additional are required to improve knowledge gap regarding differences in T1D research. Therefore, purpose this study was examine role mediating changes glucose homeostasis and skeletal muscle metabolism female mice. Female mice were injected with streptozotocin (STZ) induce T1D. Two weeks after STZ injection, control (CON) trained treadmill 4 weeks. Aerobic failed tolerance, prevent decrease body weight adipose tissue mass, or attenuate atrophy However, insulin sensitivity improved training. maintained triglyceride content but did not depletion liver glycogen Gene expression analysis suggested that resulted decreased transport, ketone oxidation, increased fatty acid muscle, which altered by These data demonstrate aerobic moderate intensity insufficient counteract negative effects mice, does lead improvement sensitivity.

Язык: Английский

---

Sex- and Age-Specific Differences in Mice Fed a Ketogenic Diet

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(16), С. 2731 - 2731

Опубликована: Авг. 16, 2024

The ketogenic diet (KD) is a high-fat, low-carbohydrate that results in the elevation of serum ketone bodies, known as ketosis. This metabolic consequence has been suggested method for treating neurological conditions, improving exercise performance, and facilitating weight loss overweight individuals. However, since most research primarily uses male populations, little about potential sex differences during consumption KD. In addition, effects KD on aging are relatively unexplored. Therefore, purpose this study was to explore sex- age-specific mice fed Male female C57BL/6N at either 12 wks or 24 age were randomly assigned (90% fat, 1% carbohydrate) chow (13% 60% group 6 wks. induced gain, increased adiposity, hyperlipidemia, caused lipid accumulation heart liver, led glycogen depletion heart, muscle with varying degrees changes depending sex. While younger older prone glucose intolerance, acutely improved rotarod performance females. Overall, highlights adaptation

Язык: Английский

---

Aerobic performance in rats subjected to incremental-speed running exercise: a multiple regression analysis study emphasizing thermoregulation-related variables.

Journal of Thermal Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 126, С. 104016 - 104016

Опубликована: Ноя. 29, 2024

Язык: Английский

---

Reveal key genes and factors affecting athletes performance in endurance sports using bioinformatic technologies

BMC Genomic Data, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2023

Abstract Medium-intensity activities comprise the major proportion of many sorts sports. The energy consumption athletes has been a research emphasis for purpose improving both training efficiency and competition performance. However, evidence based on large-scale gene screen rarely performed. This is bioinformatic study revealing key factors contributed to metabolic difference between subjects with different endurance activity capacities. A dataset comprised high- (HCR) low-capacity running (LCR) rats was used. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified analysed. Gene Ontology (GO) Kyoto Encyclopaedia Genes Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment obtained. DEGs' protein–protein interaction (PPI) network built, enriched terms PPI also Our findings showed that GO in lipid metabolism-related terms. KEGG signalling analysis ether metabolism. Plb1, Acad1, Cd2bp2, Pla2g7 as hub genes. provides theoretical foundation showing metabolism plays an important role performance activities. may be involved. plan diet can designed above results expecting better competitive

Язык: Английский

---

Echo time optimization for in‐vivo measurement of unsaturated lipid resonances using J‐difference‐edited MRS

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 90(6), С. 2217 - 2232

Опубликована: Июль 26, 2023

Abstract Purpose Measuring lipid composition provides more information than just total content. Hence, the non‐invasive measurement of unsaturated protons with both high efficiency and precision is pressing need. This study was to optimize echo time (TE) for best resolving J‐difference editing resonances. Methods The TE dependence J‐difference‐edited (JDE) MRS verified in density‐matrix simulation, soybean oil phantom, in‐vivo experiments white adipose tissue (WAT), skeletal muscles using single‐voxel MEGA‐PRESS sequence at 3T. peak SNRs Cramér‐Rao lower bounds (CRLBs) acquired proposed 45 ms previously published 70 were compared (eight pairs) WAT, extramyocelluar lipids (EMCLs), intramyocellular (IMCLs). between healthy males ( n = 7) females 7). Results optimal suggested as ms. Compared ms, mean signal gains 151% 168% EMCL, 204% IMCL allylic resonance, 52% EMCL diallylic resonance. CRLBs significantly reduced resonance With significant gender differences found pools, while no difference pools. Conclusion JDE‐MRS protocol allows improved quantification resonances vivo future metabolism investigations.

Язык: Английский

---

Maternal Exercise Prior to and during Gestation Induces Sex-Specific Alterations in the Mouse Placenta

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(22), С. 16441 - 16441

Опубликована: Ноя. 17, 2023

While exercise (EX) during pregnancy is beneficial for both mother and child, little known about the mechanisms by which maternal mediates changes in utero. Six-week-old female C57BL/6 mice were divided into two groups: with (exercise, EX; N = 7) or without (sedentary, SED; 8) access to voluntary running wheels. EX was provided via 24 h wheels 10 weeks prior conception until late (18.5 days post coitum). Sex-stratified placentas fetal livers collected. Microarray analysis of SED revealed that affected gene transcript expression 283 661 transcripts male placentas, respectively (±1.4-fold, p < 0.05). Gene Set Enrichment Ingenuity Pathway Analyses showed led inhibition signaling pathways, biological functions, down-regulation related lipid steroid metabolism, while activation muscle growth, brain, vascular development, growth factors. Overall, our results suggest effects on placenta presumably offspring are sexually dimorphic.

Язык: Английский

---

Exercise regulates cardiac metabolism: Sex does matter

Journal of sport and health science/Journal of Sport and Health Science, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11(4), С. 418 - 420

Опубликована: Июнь 7, 2022

---

REVIEW: PERBAIKAN PROFIL LIPID DENGAN PEMILIHAN OLAHRAGA YANG TEPAT BERDASARKAN KONDISI INDIVIDU

Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(1), С. 121 - 131

Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2023

Diseases related to lipid metabolism continue be a worldwide concern. Abnormal levels of lipids, especially Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) and High (HDL) can cause cardiovascular diseases such as heart attacks strokes. Until now, these two are the main causes death globally according World Health Organization (WHO). In addition pharmacological therapy statins, also lowered through exercise. Therefore, this review article aims provide information about types exercise that reduce blood conditions individual groups in terms age, gender, other special based on certain disease conditions. It was found most widely practiced all aerobic This is suitable for pregnant postmenopausal women. Concurrent training appropriate Whereas premenopausal women, water more effective than concurrent training. adult men, an do nordic walk. elderly, done stationary cycling with one leg at high intensity. Patients Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) perform coordination strength exercises. As Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients, exercises walking/running high-intensity resistance The application type effectively prevent increase levels.

Язык: Английский

---