Using multi‐task experiments to test principles of hippocampal function

Hippocampus, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 33(5), С. 646 - 657

Опубликована: Апрель 12, 2023

Investigations of hippocampal functions have revealed a dizzying array findings, from lesion-based behavioral deficits, to diverse range characterized neural activations, computational models putative functionality. Across these there remains an ongoing debate about the core function hippocampus and generality its representation. Researchers debated whether hippocampus's primary role relates representation space, basis (episodic) memory, or some more general computation that generalizes across various cognitive domains. Within different perspectives, is much nature feature encodings. Here, we suggest in order evaluate responses-investigating, for example, neuronal representations are narrowly targeted particular tasks if they subserve domain-general purposes-a promising research strategy may be use multi-task experiments, generally switching between multiple task contexts while recording same neurons given session. We argue this strategy-when combined with explicitly defined theoretical motivations guide experiment design-could fruitful approach better understand how support behaviors. In doing so, briefly review key open questions field, as exemplified by articles special issue, well previous work using extrapolate consider could further applied probe fundamental function.

Язык: Английский

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Probing neurodynamics of experienced emotions—a Hitchhiker’s guide to film fMRI

Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 18(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

Abstract Film functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has gained tremendous popularity in many areas of neuroscience. However, affective neuroscience remains somewhat behind embracing this approach, even though films lend themselves to study how brain function gives rise complex, dynamic and multivariate emotions. Here, we discuss the unique capabilities film fMRI for emotion research, while providing a general guide conducting such research. We first give brief overview theories as these inform important design choices. Next, experimental paradigms elicitation address process annotating them. then situate context other approaches, present an results from extant studies so far with regard advantages fMRI. also state-of-the-art analysis techniques including methods that probe neurodynamics. Finally, convey limitations using emotion. In sum, review offers practitioners’ emerging field underscores it can advance

Язык: Английский

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Identifiability of a Binomial Synapse

Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 14

Опубликована: Сен. 30, 2020

Synapses are highly stochastic transmission units. A classical model describing this is called the binomial model, and its underlying parameters can be estimated from postsynaptic responses to evoked stimuli. The accuracy of parameter estimates obtained via such a model-based approach depends on identifiability model. said structurally identifiable if uniquely inferred distribution outputs. However, theoretical property does not necessarily imply practical identifiability. For instance, number observations low or recording noise high, model's only loosely estimated. Structural identifiability, which an intrinsic has been widely characterized; but both experimental protocol, usually qualitatively assessed. Here, we propose formal definition for domain statistical given corresponds set correctly identified as ground truth compared simpler alternative Considering selection problem instead inference allows derive non-arbitrary criterion We apply our study neurotransmitter release at chemical synapse. Our final contribution analysis synaptic stochasticity three-fold: firstly, quantitative compute domains different variants (uni multi-quantal, with without short-term plasticity); secondly, extend Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC), classically used tool selection, models correlated data (which case most synapses); finally, show that perform free i.e. verify fit was indeed even access data, having fitted parameters.

Язык: Английский

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Etiopathogenic Models of Psychosis Spectrum Illnesses Must Resolve Four Key Features

Biological Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 92(6), С. 514 - 522

Опубликована: Июнь 25, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Bio-Medical Research on Response to Spaceflight for Emerging Civilian and Commercial Sectors in Cislunar Space, Mars and Beyond

Опубликована: Июнь 27, 2024

This review introduces an emerging commercial sector in cislunar space, which will soon extend to Mars, the asteroids and moons of Jupiter Saturn. Businesses join state programs provide opportunities for physicians biomedical researchers analyze data on human body space. With new capabilities at hand with a concern fairness, personal health goal mission completion, be able advise space travelers their specific risks microgravity. summarizes two lines research, one very large other more limited. However, both prove fruitful preparing larger numbers civilians enter Open access available from Space Omics Medical Atlas (SOMA) suggest remediations groups, genders risk profiles. Smaller studies continue overall genetic hormonal foundations neuroplasticity now animal models hopefully humans. Of interest are special abilities species adapt neurologically wide variety environments, including exoplanets star systems. Here, existing summarized experimental future, described.

Язык: Английский

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